crypto/block.c - qemu - Git at Google

 /*
  * QEMU Crypto block device encryption
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Red Hat, Inc.
  *
  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  *
  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  *
  */

 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qemu/lockable.h"
 #include "blockpriv.h"
 #include "block-qcow.h"
 #include "block-luks.h"

 static const QCryptoBlockDriver *qcrypto_block_drivers[] = {
     [QCRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_QCOW] = &qcrypto_block_driver_qcow,
     [QCRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_LUKS] = &qcrypto_block_driver_luks,
 };


 bool qcrypto_block_has_format(QCryptoBlockFormat format,
                               const uint8_t *buf,
                               size_t len)
 {
     const QCryptoBlockDriver *driver;

     if (format >= G_N_ELEMENTS(qcrypto_block_drivers) ||
         !qcrypto_block_drivers[format]) {
         return false;
     }

     driver = qcrypto_block_drivers[format];

     return driver->has_format(buf, len);
 }


 QCryptoBlock *qcrypto_block_open(QCryptoBlockOpenOptions *options,
                                  const char *optprefix,
                                  QCryptoBlockReadFunc readfunc,
                                  void *opaque,
                                  unsigned int flags,
                                  Error **errp)
 {
     QCryptoBlock *block = g_new0(QCryptoBlock, 1);

     qemu_mutex_init(&block->mutex);

     block->format = options->format;

     if (options->format >= G_N_ELEMENTS(qcrypto_block_drivers) ||
         !qcrypto_block_drivers[options->format]) {
         error_setg(errp, "Unsupported block driver %s",
                    QCryptoBlockFormat_str(options->format));
         g_free(block);
         return NULL;
     }

     block->driver = qcrypto_block_drivers[options->format];

     if (block->driver->open(block, options, optprefix,
                             readfunc, opaque, flags, errp) < 0)
     {
         g_free(block);
         return NULL;
     }

     return block;
 }


 QCryptoBlock *qcrypto_block_create(QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *options,
                                    const char *optprefix,
                                    QCryptoBlockInitFunc initfunc,
                                    QCryptoBlockWriteFunc writefunc,
                                    void *opaque,
                                    unsigned int flags,
                                    Error **errp)
 {
     QCryptoBlock *block = g_new0(QCryptoBlock, 1);

     qemu_mutex_init(&block->mutex);

     block->format = options->format;

     if (options->format >= G_N_ELEMENTS(qcrypto_block_drivers) ||
         !qcrypto_block_drivers[options->format]) {
         error_setg(errp, "Unsupported block driver %s",
                    QCryptoBlockFormat_str(options->format));
         g_free(block);
         return NULL;
     }

     block->driver = qcrypto_block_drivers[options->format];
     block->detached_header = flags & QCRYPTO_BLOCK_CREATE_DETACHED;

     if (block->driver->create(block, options, optprefix, initfunc,
                               writefunc, opaque, errp) < 0) {
         g_free(block);
         return NULL;
     }

     return block;
 }


 static int qcrypto_block_headerlen_hdr_init_func(QCryptoBlock *block,
         size_t headerlen, void *opaque, Error **errp)
 {
     size_t *headerlenp = opaque;

     /* Stash away the payload size */
     *headerlenp = headerlen;
     return 0;
 }


 static int qcrypto_block_headerlen_hdr_write_func(QCryptoBlock *block,
         size_t offset, const uint8_t *buf, size_t buflen,
         void *opaque, Error **errp)
 {
     /* Discard the bytes, we're not actually writing to an image */
     return 0;
 }


 bool
 qcrypto_block_calculate_payload_offset(QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *create_opts,
                                        const char *optprefix,
                                        size_t *len,
                                        Error **errp)
 {
     /* Fake LUKS creation in order to determine the payload size */
     g_autoptr(QCryptoBlock) crypto =
         qcrypto_block_create(create_opts, optprefix,
                              qcrypto_block_headerlen_hdr_init_func,
                              qcrypto_block_headerlen_hdr_write_func,
                              len, 0, errp);
     return crypto != NULL;
 }

 int qcrypto_block_amend_options(QCryptoBlock *block,
                                 QCryptoBlockReadFunc readfunc,
                                 QCryptoBlockWriteFunc writefunc,
                                 void *opaque,
                                 QCryptoBlockAmendOptions *options,
                                 bool force,
                                 Error **errp)
 {
     if (options->format != block->format) {
         error_setg(errp,
                    "Cannot amend encryption format");
         return -1;
     }

     if (!block->driver->amend) {
         error_setg(errp,
                    "Crypto format %s doesn't support format options amendment",
                    QCryptoBlockFormat_str(block->format));
         return -1;
     }

     return block->driver->amend(block,
                                 readfunc,
                                 writefunc,
                                 opaque,
                                 options,
                                 force,
                                 errp);
 }

 QCryptoBlockInfo *qcrypto_block_get_info(QCryptoBlock *block,
                                          Error **errp)
 {
     QCryptoBlockInfo *info = g_new0(QCryptoBlockInfo, 1);

     info->format = block->format;

     if (block->driver->get_info &&
         block->driver->get_info(block, info, errp) < 0) {
         g_free(info);
         return NULL;
     }

     return info;
 }


 int qcrypto_block_decrypt(QCryptoBlock *block,
                           uint64_t offset,
                           uint8_t *buf,
                           size_t len,
                           Error **errp)
 {
     return block->driver->decrypt(block, offset, buf, len, errp);
 }


 int qcrypto_block_encrypt(QCryptoBlock *block,
                           uint64_t offset,
                           uint8_t *buf,
                           size_t len,
                           Error **errp)
 {
     return block->driver->encrypt(block, offset, buf, len, errp);
 }


 QCryptoCipher *qcrypto_block_get_cipher(QCryptoBlock *block)
 {
     /* Ciphers should be accessed through pop/push method to be thread-safe.
      * Better, they should not be accessed externally at all (note, that
      * pop/push are static functions)
      * This function is used only in test with one thread (it's safe to skip
      * pop/push interface), so it's enough to assert it here:
      */
     assert(block->max_free_ciphers <= 1);
     return block->free_ciphers ? block->free_ciphers[0] : NULL;
 }


 static QCryptoCipher *qcrypto_block_pop_cipher(QCryptoBlock *block,
                                                Error **errp)
 {
     /* Usually there is a free cipher available */
     WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&block->mutex) {
         if (block->n_free_ciphers > 0) {
             block->n_free_ciphers--;
             return block->free_ciphers[block->n_free_ciphers];
         }
     }

     /* Otherwise allocate a new cipher */
     return qcrypto_cipher_new(block->alg, block->mode, block->key,
                               block->nkey, errp);
 }


 static void qcrypto_block_push_cipher(QCryptoBlock *block,
                                       QCryptoCipher *cipher)
 {
     QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&block->mutex);

     if (block->n_free_ciphers == block->max_free_ciphers) {
         block->max_free_ciphers++;
         block->free_ciphers = g_renew(QCryptoCipher *,
                                       block->free_ciphers,
                                       block->max_free_ciphers);
     }

     block->free_ciphers[block->n_free_ciphers] = cipher;
     block->n_free_ciphers++;
 }


 int qcrypto_block_init_cipher(QCryptoBlock *block,
                               QCryptoCipherAlgorithm alg,
                               QCryptoCipherMode mode,
                               const uint8_t *key, size_t nkey,
                               Error **errp)
 {
     QCryptoCipher *cipher;

     assert(!block->free_ciphers && !block->max_free_ciphers &&
            !block->n_free_ciphers);

     /* Stash away cipher parameters for qcrypto_block_pop_cipher() */
     block->alg = alg;
     block->mode = mode;
     block->key = g_memdup2(key, nkey);
     block->nkey = nkey;

     /*
      * Create a new cipher to validate the parameters now. This reduces the
      * chance of cipher creation failing at I/O time.
      */
     cipher = qcrypto_block_pop_cipher(block, errp);
     if (!cipher) {
         g_free(block->key);
         block->key = NULL;
         return -1;
     }

     qcrypto_block_push_cipher(block, cipher);
     return 0;
 }


 void qcrypto_block_free_cipher(QCryptoBlock *block)
 {
     size_t i;

     g_free(block->key);
     block->key = NULL;

     if (!block->free_ciphers) {
         return;
     }

     /* All popped ciphers were eventually pushed back */
     assert(block->n_free_ciphers == block->max_free_ciphers);

     for (i = 0; i < block->max_free_ciphers; i++) {
         qcrypto_cipher_free(block->free_ciphers[i]);
     }

     g_free(block->free_ciphers);
     block->free_ciphers = NULL;
     block->max_free_ciphers = block->n_free_ciphers = 0;
 }

 QCryptoIVGen *qcrypto_block_get_ivgen(QCryptoBlock *block)
 {
     /* ivgen should be accessed under mutex. However, this function is used only
      * in test with one thread, so it's enough to assert it here:
      */
     assert(block->max_free_ciphers <= 1);
     return block->ivgen;
 }


 QCryptoHashAlgo qcrypto_block_get_kdf_hash(QCryptoBlock *block)
 {
     return block->kdfhash;
 }


 uint64_t qcrypto_block_get_payload_offset(QCryptoBlock *block)
 {
     return block->payload_offset;
 }


 uint64_t qcrypto_block_get_sector_size(QCryptoBlock *block)
 {
     return block->sector_size;
 }


 void qcrypto_block_free(QCryptoBlock *block)
 {
     if (!block) {
         return;
     }

     block->driver->cleanup(block);

     qcrypto_block_free_cipher(block);
     qcrypto_ivgen_free(block->ivgen);
     qemu_mutex_destroy(&block->mutex);
     g_free(block);
 }


 typedef int (*QCryptoCipherEncDecFunc)(QCryptoCipher *cipher,
                                         const void *in,
                                         void *out,
                                         size_t len,
                                         Error **errp);

 static int do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(QCryptoCipher *cipher,
                                           size_t niv,
                                           QCryptoIVGen *ivgen,
                                           QemuMutex *ivgen_mutex,
                                           int sectorsize,
                                           uint64_t offset,
                                           uint8_t *buf,
                                           size_t len,
                                           QCryptoCipherEncDecFunc func,
                                           Error **errp)
 {
     g_autofree uint8_t *iv = niv ? g_new0(uint8_t, niv) : NULL;
     int ret = -1;
     uint64_t startsector = offset / sectorsize;

     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, sectorsize));
     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(len, sectorsize));

     while (len > 0) {
         size_t nbytes;
         if (niv) {
             if (ivgen_mutex) {
                 qemu_mutex_lock(ivgen_mutex);
             }
             ret = qcrypto_ivgen_calculate(ivgen, startsector, iv, niv, errp);
             if (ivgen_mutex) {
                 qemu_mutex_unlock(ivgen_mutex);
             }

             if (ret < 0) {
                 return -1;
             }

             if (qcrypto_cipher_setiv(cipher,
                                      iv, niv,
                                      errp) < 0) {
                 return -1;
             }
         }

         nbytes = len > sectorsize ? sectorsize : len;
         if (func(cipher, buf, buf, nbytes, errp) < 0) {
             return -1;
         }

         startsector++;
         buf += nbytes;
         len -= nbytes;
     }

     return 0;
 }


 int qcrypto_block_cipher_decrypt_helper(QCryptoCipher *cipher,
                                         size_t niv,
                                         QCryptoIVGen *ivgen,
                                         int sectorsize,
                                         uint64_t offset,
                                         uint8_t *buf,
                                         size_t len,
                                         Error **errp)
 {
     return do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(cipher, niv, ivgen, NULL, sectorsize,
                                           offset, buf, len,
                                           qcrypto_cipher_decrypt, errp);
 }


 int qcrypto_block_cipher_encrypt_helper(QCryptoCipher *cipher,
                                         size_t niv,
                                         QCryptoIVGen *ivgen,
                                         int sectorsize,
                                         uint64_t offset,
                                         uint8_t *buf,
                                         size_t len,
                                         Error **errp)
 {
     return do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(cipher, niv, ivgen, NULL, sectorsize,
                                           offset, buf, len,
                                           qcrypto_cipher_encrypt, errp);
 }

 int qcrypto_block_decrypt_helper(QCryptoBlock *block,
                                  int sectorsize,
                                  uint64_t offset,
                                  uint8_t *buf,
                                  size_t len,
                                  Error **errp)
 {
     int ret;
     QCryptoCipher *cipher = qcrypto_block_pop_cipher(block, errp);
     if (!cipher) {
         return -1;
     }

     ret = do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(cipher, block->niv, block->ivgen,
                                          &block->mutex, sectorsize, offset, buf,
                                          len, qcrypto_cipher_decrypt, errp);

     qcrypto_block_push_cipher(block, cipher);

     return ret;
 }

 int qcrypto_block_encrypt_helper(QCryptoBlock *block,
                                  int sectorsize,
                                  uint64_t offset,
                                  uint8_t *buf,
                                  size_t len,
                                  Error **errp)
 {
     int ret;
     QCryptoCipher *cipher = qcrypto_block_pop_cipher(block, errp);
     if (!cipher) {
         return -1;
     }

     ret = do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(cipher, block->niv, block->ivgen,
                                          &block->mutex, sectorsize, offset, buf,
                                          len, qcrypto_cipher_encrypt, errp);

     qcrypto_block_push_cipher(block, cipher);

     return ret;
 }
	/*
	* QEMU Crypto block device encryption
	*
	* Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Red Hat, Inc.
	*
	* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
	* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
	* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
	* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	*
	* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
	* Lesser General Public License for more details.
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
	* License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	*
	*/

	#include "qemu/osdep.h"
	#include "qapi/error.h"
	#include "qemu/lockable.h"
	#include "blockpriv.h"
	#include "block-qcow.h"
	#include "block-luks.h"

	static const QCryptoBlockDriver *qcrypto_block_drivers[] = {
	[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_QCOW] = &qcrypto_block_driver_qcow,
	[QCRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_LUKS] = &qcrypto_block_driver_luks,
	};


	bool qcrypto_block_has_format(QCryptoBlockFormat format,
	const uint8_t *buf,
	size_t len)
	{
	const QCryptoBlockDriver *driver;

	if (format >= G_N_ELEMENTS(qcrypto_block_drivers) \|\|
	!qcrypto_block_drivers[format]) {
	return false;
	}

	driver = qcrypto_block_drivers[format];

	return driver->has_format(buf, len);
	}


	QCryptoBlock qcrypto_block_open(QCryptoBlockOpenOptions options,
	const char *optprefix,
	QCryptoBlockReadFunc readfunc,
	void *opaque,
	unsigned int flags,
	Error **errp)
	{
	QCryptoBlock *block = g_new0(QCryptoBlock, 1);

	qemu_mutex_init(&block->mutex);

	block->format = options->format;

	if (options->format >= G_N_ELEMENTS(qcrypto_block_drivers) \|\|
	!qcrypto_block_drivers[options->format]) {
	error_setg(errp, "Unsupported block driver %s",
	QCryptoBlockFormat_str(options->format));
	g_free(block);
	return NULL;
	}

	block->driver = qcrypto_block_drivers[options->format];

	if (block->driver->open(block, options, optprefix,
	readfunc, opaque, flags, errp) < 0)
	{
	g_free(block);
	return NULL;
	}

	return block;
	}


	QCryptoBlock qcrypto_block_create(QCryptoBlockCreateOptions options,
	const char *optprefix,
	QCryptoBlockInitFunc initfunc,
	QCryptoBlockWriteFunc writefunc,
	void *opaque,
	unsigned int flags,
	Error **errp)
	{
	QCryptoBlock *block = g_new0(QCryptoBlock, 1);

	qemu_mutex_init(&block->mutex);

	block->format = options->format;

	if (options->format >= G_N_ELEMENTS(qcrypto_block_drivers) \|\|
	!qcrypto_block_drivers[options->format]) {
	error_setg(errp, "Unsupported block driver %s",
	QCryptoBlockFormat_str(options->format));
	g_free(block);
	return NULL;
	}

	block->driver = qcrypto_block_drivers[options->format];
	block->detached_header = flags & QCRYPTO_BLOCK_CREATE_DETACHED;

	if (block->driver->create(block, options, optprefix, initfunc,
	writefunc, opaque, errp) < 0) {
	g_free(block);
	return NULL;
	}

	return block;
	}


	static int qcrypto_block_headerlen_hdr_init_func(QCryptoBlock *block,
	size_t headerlen, void opaque, Error *errp)
	{
	size_t *headerlenp = opaque;

	/* Stash away the payload size */
	*headerlenp = headerlen;
	return 0;
	}


	static int qcrypto_block_headerlen_hdr_write_func(QCryptoBlock *block,
	size_t offset, const uint8_t *buf, size_t buflen,
	void opaque, Error *errp)
	{
	/* Discard the bytes, we're not actually writing to an image */
	return 0;
	}


	bool
	qcrypto_block_calculate_payload_offset(QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *create_opts,
	const char *optprefix,
	size_t *len,
	Error **errp)
	{
	/* Fake LUKS creation in order to determine the payload size */
	g_autoptr(QCryptoBlock) crypto =
	qcrypto_block_create(create_opts, optprefix,
	qcrypto_block_headerlen_hdr_init_func,
	qcrypto_block_headerlen_hdr_write_func,
	len, 0, errp);
	return crypto != NULL;
	}

	int qcrypto_block_amend_options(QCryptoBlock *block,
	QCryptoBlockReadFunc readfunc,
	QCryptoBlockWriteFunc writefunc,
	void *opaque,
	QCryptoBlockAmendOptions *options,
	bool force,
	Error **errp)
	{
	if (options->format != block->format) {
	error_setg(errp,
	"Cannot amend encryption format");
	return -1;
	}

	if (!block->driver->amend) {
	error_setg(errp,
	"Crypto format %s doesn't support format options amendment",
	QCryptoBlockFormat_str(block->format));
	return -1;
	}

	return block->driver->amend(block,
	readfunc,
	writefunc,
	opaque,
	options,
	force,
	errp);
	}

	QCryptoBlockInfo qcrypto_block_get_info(QCryptoBlock block,
	Error **errp)
	{
	QCryptoBlockInfo *info = g_new0(QCryptoBlockInfo, 1);

	info->format = block->format;

	if (block->driver->get_info &&
	block->driver->get_info(block, info, errp) < 0) {
	g_free(info);
	return NULL;
	}

	return info;
	}


	int qcrypto_block_decrypt(QCryptoBlock *block,
	uint64_t offset,
	uint8_t *buf,
	size_t len,
	Error **errp)
	{
	return block->driver->decrypt(block, offset, buf, len, errp);
	}


	int qcrypto_block_encrypt(QCryptoBlock *block,
	uint64_t offset,
	uint8_t *buf,
	size_t len,
	Error **errp)
	{
	return block->driver->encrypt(block, offset, buf, len, errp);
	}


	QCryptoCipher qcrypto_block_get_cipher(QCryptoBlock block)
	{
	/* Ciphers should be accessed through pop/push method to be thread-safe.
	* Better, they should not be accessed externally at all (note, that
	* pop/push are static functions)
	* This function is used only in test with one thread (it's safe to skip
	* pop/push interface), so it's enough to assert it here:
	*/
	assert(block->max_free_ciphers <= 1);
	return block->free_ciphers ? block->free_ciphers[0] : NULL;
	}


	static QCryptoCipher qcrypto_block_pop_cipher(QCryptoBlock block,
	Error **errp)
	{
	/* Usually there is a free cipher available */
	WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&block->mutex) {
	if (block->n_free_ciphers > 0) {
	block->n_free_ciphers--;
	return block->free_ciphers[block->n_free_ciphers];
	}
	}

	/* Otherwise allocate a new cipher */
	return qcrypto_cipher_new(block->alg, block->mode, block->key,
	block->nkey, errp);
	}


	static void qcrypto_block_push_cipher(QCryptoBlock *block,
	QCryptoCipher *cipher)
	{
	QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&block->mutex);

	if (block->n_free_ciphers == block->max_free_ciphers) {
	block->max_free_ciphers++;
	block->free_ciphers = g_renew(QCryptoCipher *,
	block->free_ciphers,
	block->max_free_ciphers);
	}

	block->free_ciphers[block->n_free_ciphers] = cipher;
	block->n_free_ciphers++;
	}


	int qcrypto_block_init_cipher(QCryptoBlock *block,
	QCryptoCipherAlgorithm alg,
	QCryptoCipherMode mode,
	const uint8_t *key, size_t nkey,
	Error **errp)
	{
	QCryptoCipher *cipher;

	assert(!block->free_ciphers && !block->max_free_ciphers &&
	!block->n_free_ciphers);

	/* Stash away cipher parameters for qcrypto_block_pop_cipher() */
	block->alg = alg;
	block->mode = mode;
	block->key = g_memdup2(key, nkey);
	block->nkey = nkey;

	/*
	* Create a new cipher to validate the parameters now. This reduces the
	* chance of cipher creation failing at I/O time.
	*/
	cipher = qcrypto_block_pop_cipher(block, errp);
	if (!cipher) {
	g_free(block->key);
	block->key = NULL;
	return -1;
	}

	qcrypto_block_push_cipher(block, cipher);
	return 0;
	}


	void qcrypto_block_free_cipher(QCryptoBlock *block)
	{
	size_t i;

	g_free(block->key);
	block->key = NULL;

	if (!block->free_ciphers) {
	return;
	}

	/* All popped ciphers were eventually pushed back */
	assert(block->n_free_ciphers == block->max_free_ciphers);

	for (i = 0; i < block->max_free_ciphers; i++) {
	qcrypto_cipher_free(block->free_ciphers[i]);
	}

	g_free(block->free_ciphers);
	block->free_ciphers = NULL;
	block->max_free_ciphers = block->n_free_ciphers = 0;
	}

	QCryptoIVGen qcrypto_block_get_ivgen(QCryptoBlock block)
	{
	/* ivgen should be accessed under mutex. However, this function is used only
	* in test with one thread, so it's enough to assert it here:
	*/
	assert(block->max_free_ciphers <= 1);
	return block->ivgen;
	}


	QCryptoHashAlgo qcrypto_block_get_kdf_hash(QCryptoBlock *block)
	{
	return block->kdfhash;
	}


	uint64_t qcrypto_block_get_payload_offset(QCryptoBlock *block)
	{
	return block->payload_offset;
	}


	uint64_t qcrypto_block_get_sector_size(QCryptoBlock *block)
	{
	return block->sector_size;
	}


	void qcrypto_block_free(QCryptoBlock *block)
	{
	if (!block) {
	return;
	}

	block->driver->cleanup(block);

	qcrypto_block_free_cipher(block);
	qcrypto_ivgen_free(block->ivgen);
	qemu_mutex_destroy(&block->mutex);
	g_free(block);
	}


	typedef int (QCryptoCipherEncDecFunc)(QCryptoCipher cipher,
	const void *in,
	void *out,
	size_t len,
	Error **errp);

	static int do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(QCryptoCipher *cipher,
	size_t niv,
	QCryptoIVGen *ivgen,
	QemuMutex *ivgen_mutex,
	int sectorsize,
	uint64_t offset,
	uint8_t *buf,
	size_t len,
	QCryptoCipherEncDecFunc func,
	Error **errp)
	{
	g_autofree uint8_t *iv = niv ? g_new0(uint8_t, niv) : NULL;
	int ret = -1;
	uint64_t startsector = offset / sectorsize;

	assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, sectorsize));
	assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(len, sectorsize));

	while (len > 0) {
	size_t nbytes;
	if (niv) {
	if (ivgen_mutex) {
	qemu_mutex_lock(ivgen_mutex);
	}
	ret = qcrypto_ivgen_calculate(ivgen, startsector, iv, niv, errp);
	if (ivgen_mutex) {
	qemu_mutex_unlock(ivgen_mutex);
	}

	if (ret < 0) {
	return -1;
	}

	if (qcrypto_cipher_setiv(cipher,
	iv, niv,
	errp) < 0) {
	return -1;
	}
	}

	nbytes = len > sectorsize ? sectorsize : len;
	if (func(cipher, buf, buf, nbytes, errp) < 0) {
	return -1;
	}

	startsector++;
	buf += nbytes;
	len -= nbytes;
	}

	return 0;
	}


	int qcrypto_block_cipher_decrypt_helper(QCryptoCipher *cipher,
	size_t niv,
	QCryptoIVGen *ivgen,
	int sectorsize,
	uint64_t offset,
	uint8_t *buf,
	size_t len,
	Error **errp)
	{
	return do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(cipher, niv, ivgen, NULL, sectorsize,
	offset, buf, len,
	qcrypto_cipher_decrypt, errp);
	}


	int qcrypto_block_cipher_encrypt_helper(QCryptoCipher *cipher,
	size_t niv,
	QCryptoIVGen *ivgen,
	int sectorsize,
	uint64_t offset,
	uint8_t *buf,
	size_t len,
	Error **errp)
	{
	return do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(cipher, niv, ivgen, NULL, sectorsize,
	offset, buf, len,
	qcrypto_cipher_encrypt, errp);
	}

	int qcrypto_block_decrypt_helper(QCryptoBlock *block,
	int sectorsize,
	uint64_t offset,
	uint8_t *buf,
	size_t len,
	Error **errp)
	{
	int ret;
	QCryptoCipher *cipher = qcrypto_block_pop_cipher(block, errp);
	if (!cipher) {
	return -1;
	}

	ret = do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(cipher, block->niv, block->ivgen,
	&block->mutex, sectorsize, offset, buf,
	len, qcrypto_cipher_decrypt, errp);

	qcrypto_block_push_cipher(block, cipher);

	return ret;
	}

	int qcrypto_block_encrypt_helper(QCryptoBlock *block,
	int sectorsize,
	uint64_t offset,
	uint8_t *buf,
	size_t len,
	Error **errp)
	{
	int ret;
	QCryptoCipher *cipher = qcrypto_block_pop_cipher(block, errp);
	if (!cipher) {
	return -1;
	}

	ret = do_qcrypto_block_cipher_encdec(cipher, block->niv, block->ivgen,
	&block->mutex, sectorsize, offset, buf,
	len, qcrypto_cipher_encrypt, errp);

	qcrypto_block_push_cipher(block, cipher);

	return ret;
	}