qemu-ga.c

/*
 * QEMU Guest Agent
 *
 * Copyright IBM Corp. 2011
 *
 * Authors:
 *  Adam Litke        <aglitke@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 *  Michael Roth      <mdroth@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 *
 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
 * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
 */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <glib.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include "qemu_socket.h"
#include "json-streamer.h"
#include "json-parser.h"
#include "qint.h"
#include "qjson.h"
#include "qga/guest-agent-core.h"
#include "module.h"
#include "signal.h"
#include "qerror.h"
#include "error_int.h"

#define QGA_VIRTIO_PATH_DEFAULT "/dev/virtio-ports/org.qemu.guest_agent.0"
#define QGA_PIDFILE_DEFAULT "/var/run/qemu-ga.pid"
#define QGA_BAUDRATE_DEFAULT B38400 /* for isa-serial channels */
#define QGA_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT 30*1000 /* ms */

struct GAState {
    JSONMessageParser parser;
    GMainLoop *main_loop;
    GIOChannel *conn_channel;
    GIOChannel *listen_channel;
    const char *path;
    const char *method;
    bool virtio; /* fastpath to check for virtio to deal with poll() quirks */
    GACommandState *command_state;
    GLogLevelFlags log_level;
    FILE *log_file;
    bool logging_enabled;
};

static struct GAState *ga_state;

static void quit_handler(int sig)
{
    g_debug("received signal num %d, quitting", sig);

    if (g_main_loop_is_running(ga_state->main_loop)) {
        g_main_loop_quit(ga_state->main_loop);
    }
}

static void register_signal_handlers(void)
{
    struct sigaction sigact;
    int ret;

    memset(&sigact, 0, sizeof(struct sigaction));
    sigact.sa_handler = quit_handler;

    ret = sigaction(SIGINT, &sigact, NULL);
    if (ret == -1) {
        g_error("error configuring signal handler: %s", strerror(errno));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    ret = sigaction(SIGTERM, &sigact, NULL);
    if (ret == -1) {
        g_error("error configuring signal handler: %s", strerror(errno));
    }
}

static void usage(const char *cmd)
{
    printf(
"Usage: %s -c <channel_opts>\n"
"QEMU Guest Agent %s\n"
"\n"
"  -m, --method      transport method: one of unix-listen, virtio-serial, or\n"
"                    isa-serial (virtio-serial is the default)\n"
"  -p, --path        device/socket path (%s is the default for virtio-serial)\n"
"  -l, --logfile     set logfile path, logs to stderr by default\n"
"  -f, --pidfile     specify pidfile (default is %s)\n"
"  -v, --verbose     log extra debugging information\n"
"  -V, --version     print version information and exit\n"
"  -d, --daemonize   become a daemon\n"
"  -h, --help        display this help and exit\n"
"\n"
"Report bugs to <mdroth@linux.vnet.ibm.com>\n"
    , cmd, QGA_VERSION, QGA_VIRTIO_PATH_DEFAULT, QGA_PIDFILE_DEFAULT);
}

static void conn_channel_close(GAState *s);

static const char *ga_log_level_str(GLogLevelFlags level)
{
    switch (level & G_LOG_LEVEL_MASK) {
        case G_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR:
            return "error";
        case G_LOG_LEVEL_CRITICAL:
            return "critical";
        case G_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING:
            return "warning";
        case G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE:
            return "message";
        case G_LOG_LEVEL_INFO:
            return "info";
        case G_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG:
            return "debug";
        default:
            return "user";
    }
}

bool ga_logging_enabled(GAState *s)
{
    return s->logging_enabled;
}

void ga_disable_logging(GAState *s)
{
    s->logging_enabled = false;
}

void ga_enable_logging(GAState *s)
{
    s->logging_enabled = true;
}

static void ga_log(const gchar *domain, GLogLevelFlags level,
                   const gchar *msg, gpointer opaque)
{
    GAState *s = opaque;
    GTimeVal time;
    const char *level_str = ga_log_level_str(level);

    if (!ga_logging_enabled(s)) {
        return;
    }

    level &= G_LOG_LEVEL_MASK;
    if (domain && strcmp(domain, "syslog") == 0) {
        syslog(LOG_INFO, "%s: %s", level_str, msg);
    } else if (level & s->log_level) {
        g_get_current_time(&time);
        fprintf(s->log_file,
                "%lu.%lu: %s: %s\n", time.tv_sec, time.tv_usec, level_str, msg);
        fflush(s->log_file);
    }
}

static void become_daemon(const char *pidfile)
{
    pid_t pid, sid;
    int pidfd;
    char *pidstr = NULL;

    pid = fork();
    if (pid < 0) {
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    if (pid > 0) {
        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
    }

    pidfd = open(pidfile, O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_EXCL, S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
    if (pidfd == -1) {
        g_critical("Cannot create pid file, %s", strerror(errno));
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    if (asprintf(&pidstr, "%d", getpid()) == -1) {
        g_critical("Cannot allocate memory");
        goto fail;
    }
    if (write(pidfd, pidstr, strlen(pidstr)) != strlen(pidstr)) {
        free(pidstr);
        g_critical("Failed to write pid file");
        goto fail;
    }

    umask(0);
    sid = setsid();
    if (sid < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }
    if ((chdir("/")) < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }

    close(STDIN_FILENO);
    close(STDOUT_FILENO);
    close(STDERR_FILENO);
    free(pidstr);
    return;

fail:
    unlink(pidfile);
    g_critical("failed to daemonize");
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

static int conn_channel_send_buf(GIOChannel *channel, const char *buf,
                                 gsize count)
{
    GError *err = NULL;
    gsize written = 0;
    GIOStatus status;

    while (count) {
        status = g_io_channel_write_chars(channel, buf, count, &written, &err);
        g_debug("sending data, count: %d", (int)count);
        if (err != NULL) {
            g_warning("error sending newline: %s", err->message);
            return err->code;
        }
        if (status == G_IO_STATUS_ERROR || status == G_IO_STATUS_EOF) {
            return -EPIPE;
        }

        if (status == G_IO_STATUS_NORMAL) {
            count -= written;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

static int conn_channel_send_payload(GIOChannel *channel, QObject *payload)
{
    int ret = 0;
    const char *buf;
    QString *payload_qstr;
    GError *err = NULL;

    g_assert(payload && channel);

    payload_qstr = qobject_to_json(payload);
    if (!payload_qstr) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    qstring_append_chr(payload_qstr, '\n');
    buf = qstring_get_str(payload_qstr);
    ret = conn_channel_send_buf(channel, buf, strlen(buf));
    if (ret) {
        goto out_free;
    }

    g_io_channel_flush(channel, &err);
    if (err != NULL) {
        g_warning("error flushing payload: %s", err->message);
        ret = err->code;
        goto out_free;
    }

out_free:
    QDECREF(payload_qstr);
    if (err) {
        g_error_free(err);
    }
    return ret;
}

static void process_command(GAState *s, QDict *req)
{
    QObject *rsp = NULL;
    int ret;

    g_assert(req);
    g_debug("processing command");
    rsp = qmp_dispatch(QOBJECT(req));
    if (rsp) {
        ret = conn_channel_send_payload(s->conn_channel, rsp);
        if (ret) {
            g_warning("error sending payload: %s", strerror(ret));
        }
        qobject_decref(rsp);
    } else {
        g_warning("error getting response");
    }
}

/* handle requests/control events coming in over the channel */
static void process_event(JSONMessageParser *parser, QList *tokens)
{
    GAState *s = container_of(parser, GAState, parser);
    QObject *obj;
    QDict *qdict;
    Error *err = NULL;
    int ret;

    g_assert(s && parser);

    g_debug("process_event: called");
    obj = json_parser_parse_err(tokens, NULL, &err);
    if (err || !obj || qobject_type(obj) != QTYPE_QDICT) {
        qobject_decref(obj);
        qdict = qdict_new();
        if (!err) {
            g_warning("failed to parse event: unknown error");
            error_set(&err, QERR_JSON_PARSING);
        } else {
            g_warning("failed to parse event: %s", error_get_pretty(err));
        }
        qdict_put_obj(qdict, "error", error_get_qobject(err));
        error_free(err);
    } else {
        qdict = qobject_to_qdict(obj);
    }

    g_assert(qdict);

    /* handle host->guest commands */
    if (qdict_haskey(qdict, "execute")) {
        process_command(s, qdict);
    } else {
        if (!qdict_haskey(qdict, "error")) {
            QDECREF(qdict);
            qdict = qdict_new();
            g_warning("unrecognized payload format");
            error_set(&err, QERR_UNSUPPORTED);
            qdict_put_obj(qdict, "error", error_get_qobject(err));
            error_free(err);
        }
        ret = conn_channel_send_payload(s->conn_channel, QOBJECT(qdict));
        if (ret) {
            g_warning("error sending payload: %s", strerror(ret));
        }
    }

    QDECREF(qdict);
}

static gboolean conn_channel_read(GIOChannel *channel, GIOCondition condition,
                                  gpointer data)
{
    GAState *s = data;
    gchar buf[1024];
    gsize count;
    GError *err = NULL;
    memset(buf, 0, 1024);
    GIOStatus status = g_io_channel_read_chars(channel, buf, 1024,
                                               &count, &err);
    if (err != NULL) {
        g_warning("error reading channel: %s", err->message);
        conn_channel_close(s);
        g_error_free(err);
        return false;
    }
    switch (status) {
    case G_IO_STATUS_ERROR:
        g_warning("problem");
        return false;
    case G_IO_STATUS_NORMAL:
        g_debug("read data, count: %d, data: %s", (int)count, buf);
        json_message_parser_feed(&s->parser, (char *)buf, (int)count);
    case G_IO_STATUS_AGAIN:
        /* virtio causes us to spin here when no process is attached to
         * host-side chardev. sleep a bit to mitigate this
         */
        if (s->virtio) {
            usleep(100*1000);
        }
        return true;
    case G_IO_STATUS_EOF:
        g_debug("received EOF");
        conn_channel_close(s);
        if (s->virtio) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    default:
        g_warning("unknown channel read status, closing");
        conn_channel_close(s);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

static int conn_channel_add(GAState *s, int fd)
{
    GIOChannel *conn_channel;
    GError *err = NULL;

    g_assert(s && !s->conn_channel);
    conn_channel = g_io_channel_unix_new(fd);
    g_assert(conn_channel);
    g_io_channel_set_encoding(conn_channel, NULL, &err);
    if (err != NULL) {
        g_warning("error setting channel encoding to binary");
        g_error_free(err);
        return -1;
    }
    g_io_add_watch(conn_channel, G_IO_IN | G_IO_HUP,
                   conn_channel_read, s);
    s->conn_channel = conn_channel;
    return 0;
}

static gboolean listen_channel_accept(GIOChannel *channel,
                                      GIOCondition condition, gpointer data)
{
    GAState *s = data;
    g_assert(channel != NULL);
    int ret, conn_fd;
    bool accepted = false;
    struct sockaddr_un addr;
    socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(addr);

    conn_fd = qemu_accept(g_io_channel_unix_get_fd(s->listen_channel),
                             (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &addrlen);
    if (conn_fd == -1) {
        g_warning("error converting fd to gsocket: %s", strerror(errno));
        goto out;
    }
    fcntl(conn_fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
    ret = conn_channel_add(s, conn_fd);
    if (ret) {
        g_warning("error setting up connection");
        goto out;
    }
    accepted = true;

out:
    /* only accept 1 connection at a time */
    return !accepted;
}

/* start polling for readable events on listen fd, new==true
 * indicates we should use the existing s->listen_channel
 */
static int listen_channel_add(GAState *s, int listen_fd, bool new)
{
    if (new) {
        s->listen_channel = g_io_channel_unix_new(listen_fd);
    }
    g_io_add_watch(s->listen_channel, G_IO_IN,
                   listen_channel_accept, s);
    return 0;
}

/* cleanup state for closed connection/session, start accepting new
 * connections if we're in listening mode
 */
static void conn_channel_close(GAState *s)
{
    if (strcmp(s->method, "unix-listen") == 0) {
        g_io_channel_shutdown(s->conn_channel, true, NULL);
        listen_channel_add(s, 0, false);
    } else if (strcmp(s->method, "virtio-serial") == 0) {
        /* we spin on EOF for virtio-serial, so back off a bit. also,
         * dont close the connection in this case, it'll resume normal
         * operation when another process connects to host chardev
         */
        usleep(100*1000);
        goto out_noclose;
    }
    g_io_channel_unref(s->conn_channel);
    s->conn_channel = NULL;
out_noclose:
    return;
}

static void init_guest_agent(GAState *s)
{
    struct termios tio;
    int ret, fd;

    if (s->method == NULL) {
        /* try virtio-serial as our default */
        s->method = "virtio-serial";
    }

    if (s->path == NULL) {
        if (strcmp(s->method, "virtio-serial") != 0) {
            g_critical("must specify a path for this channel");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        /* try the default path for the virtio-serial port */
        s->path = QGA_VIRTIO_PATH_DEFAULT;
    }

    if (strcmp(s->method, "virtio-serial") == 0) {
        s->virtio = true;
        fd = qemu_open(s->path, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK | O_ASYNC);
        if (fd == -1) {
            g_critical("error opening channel: %s", strerror(errno));
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        ret = conn_channel_add(s, fd);
        if (ret) {
            g_critical("error adding channel to main loop");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    } else if (strcmp(s->method, "isa-serial") == 0) {
        fd = qemu_open(s->path, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
        if (fd == -1) {
            g_critical("error opening channel: %s", strerror(errno));
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        tcgetattr(fd, &tio);
        /* set up serial port for non-canonical, dumb byte streaming */
        tio.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | IGNPAR | PARMRK | INPCK | ISTRIP |
                         INLCR | IGNCR | ICRNL | IXON | IXOFF | IXANY |
                         IMAXBEL);
        tio.c_oflag = 0;
        tio.c_lflag = 0;
        tio.c_cflag |= QGA_BAUDRATE_DEFAULT;
        /* 1 available byte min or reads will block (we'll set non-blocking
         * elsewhere, else we have to deal with read()=0 instead)
         */
        tio.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
        tio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
        /* flush everything waiting for read/xmit, it's garbage at this point */
        tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH);
        tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &tio);
        ret = conn_channel_add(s, fd);
        if (ret) {
            g_error("error adding channel to main loop");
        }
    } else if (strcmp(s->method, "unix-listen") == 0) {
        fd = unix_listen(s->path, NULL, strlen(s->path));
        if (fd == -1) {
            g_critical("error opening path: %s", strerror(errno));
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        ret = listen_channel_add(s, fd, true);
        if (ret) {
            g_critical("error binding/listening to specified socket");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    } else {
        g_critical("unsupported channel method/type: %s", s->method);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    json_message_parser_init(&s->parser, process_event);
    s->main_loop = g_main_loop_new(NULL, false);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    const char *sopt = "hVvdm:p:l:f:";
    const char *method = NULL, *path = NULL, *pidfile = QGA_PIDFILE_DEFAULT;
    const struct option lopt[] = {
        { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
        { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
        { "logfile", 0, NULL, 'l' },
        { "pidfile", 0, NULL, 'f' },
        { "verbose", 0, NULL, 'v' },
        { "method", 0, NULL, 'm' },
        { "path", 0, NULL, 'p' },
        { "daemonize", 0, NULL, 'd' },
        { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
    };
    int opt_ind = 0, ch, daemonize = 0;
    GLogLevelFlags log_level = G_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR | G_LOG_LEVEL_CRITICAL;
    FILE *log_file = stderr;
    GAState *s;

    while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_ind)) != -1) {
        switch (ch) {
        case 'm':
            method = optarg;
            break;
        case 'p':
            path = optarg;
            break;
        case 'l':
            log_file = fopen(optarg, "a");
            if (!log_file) {
                g_critical("unable to open specified log file: %s",
                           strerror(errno));
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
            }
            break;
        case 'f':
            pidfile = optarg;
            break;
        case 'v':
            /* enable all log levels */
            log_level = G_LOG_LEVEL_MASK;
            break;
        case 'V':
            printf("QEMU Guest Agent %s\n", QGA_VERSION);
            return 0;
        case 'd':
            daemonize = 1;
            break;
        case 'h':
            usage(argv[0]);
            return 0;
        case '?':
            g_print("Unknown option, try '%s --help' for more information.\n",
                    argv[0]);
            return EXIT_FAILURE;
        }
    }

    if (daemonize) {
        g_debug("starting daemon");
        become_daemon(pidfile);
    }

    s = g_malloc0(sizeof(GAState));
    s->conn_channel = NULL;
    s->path = path;
    s->method = method;
    s->log_file = log_file;
    s->log_level = log_level;
    g_log_set_default_handler(ga_log, s);
    g_log_set_fatal_mask(NULL, G_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR);
    s->logging_enabled = true;
    s->command_state = ga_command_state_new();
    ga_command_state_init(s, s->command_state);
    ga_command_state_init_all(s->command_state);
    ga_state = s;

    module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QAPI);
    init_guest_agent(ga_state);
    register_signal_handlers();

    g_main_loop_run(ga_state->main_loop);

    ga_command_state_cleanup_all(ga_state->command_state);
    unlink(pidfile);

    return 0;
}