tests/qtest/migration-test.c - qemu - Git at Google

 /*
  * QTest testcase for migration
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2016-2018 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates
  *   based on the vhost-user-test.c that is:
  *      Copyright (c) 2014 Virtual Open Systems Sarl.
  *
  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
  *
  */

 #include "qemu/osdep.h"

 #include "libqtest.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
 #include "qemu/module.h"
 #include "qemu/option.h"
 #include "qemu/range.h"
 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
 #include "chardev/char.h"
 #include "crypto/tlscredspsk.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qlist.h"
 #include "ppc-util.h"

 #include "migration-helpers.h"
 #include "tests/migration/migration-test.h"
 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
 # include "tests/unit/crypto-tls-psk-helpers.h"
 # ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
 #  include "tests/unit/crypto-tls-x509-helpers.h"
 # endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_GNUTLS */

 /* For dirty ring test; so far only x86_64 is supported */
 #if defined(__linux__) && defined(HOST_X86_64)
 #include "linux/kvm.h"
 #endif

 unsigned start_address;
 unsigned end_address;
 static bool uffd_feature_thread_id;
 static QTestMigrationState src_state;
 static QTestMigrationState dst_state;

 /*
  * An initial 3 MB offset is used as that corresponds
  * to ~1 sec of data transfer with our bandwidth setting.
  */
 #define MAGIC_OFFSET_BASE (3 * 1024 * 1024)
 /*
  * A further 1k is added to ensure we're not a multiple
  * of TEST_MEM_PAGE_SIZE, thus avoid clash with writes
  * from the migration guest workload.
  */
 #define MAGIC_OFFSET_SHUFFLE 1024
 #define MAGIC_OFFSET (MAGIC_OFFSET_BASE + MAGIC_OFFSET_SHUFFLE)
 #define MAGIC_MARKER 0xFEED12345678CAFEULL

 /*
  * Dirtylimit stop working if dirty page rate error
  * value less than DIRTYLIMIT_TOLERANCE_RANGE
  */
 #define DIRTYLIMIT_TOLERANCE_RANGE  25  /* MB/s */

 #define ANALYZE_SCRIPT "scripts/analyze-migration.py"

 #define QEMU_VM_FILE_MAGIC 0x5145564d
 #define FILE_TEST_FILENAME "migfile"
 #define FILE_TEST_OFFSET 0x1000
 #define FILE_TEST_MARKER 'X'
 #define QEMU_ENV_SRC "QTEST_QEMU_BINARY_SRC"
 #define QEMU_ENV_DST "QTEST_QEMU_BINARY_DST"

 typedef enum PostcopyRecoveryFailStage {
     /*
      * "no failure" must be 0 as it's the default.  OTOH, real failure
      * cases must be >0 to make sure they trigger by a "if" test.
      */
     POSTCOPY_FAIL_NONE = 0,
     POSTCOPY_FAIL_CHANNEL_ESTABLISH,
     POSTCOPY_FAIL_RECOVERY,
     POSTCOPY_FAIL_MAX
 } PostcopyRecoveryFailStage;

 #if defined(__linux__)
 #include <sys/syscall.h>
 #include <sys/vfs.h>
 #endif

 #if defined(__linux__) && defined(__NR_userfaultfd) && defined(CONFIG_EVENTFD)
 #include <sys/eventfd.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include "qemu/userfaultfd.h"

 static bool ufd_version_check(void)
 {
     struct uffdio_api api_struct;
     uint64_t ioctl_mask;

     int ufd = uffd_open(O_CLOEXEC);

     if (ufd == -1) {
         g_test_message("Skipping test: userfaultfd not available");
         return false;
     }

     api_struct.api = UFFD_API;
     api_struct.features = 0;
     if (ioctl(ufd, UFFDIO_API, &api_struct)) {
         g_test_message("Skipping test: UFFDIO_API failed");
         return false;
     }
     uffd_feature_thread_id = api_struct.features & UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID;

     ioctl_mask = 1ULL << _UFFDIO_REGISTER |
                  1ULL << _UFFDIO_UNREGISTER;
     if ((api_struct.ioctls & ioctl_mask) != ioctl_mask) {
         g_test_message("Skipping test: Missing userfault feature");
         return false;
     }

     return true;
 }

 #else
 static bool ufd_version_check(void)
 {
     g_test_message("Skipping test: Userfault not available (builtdtime)");
     return false;
 }

 #endif

 static char *tmpfs;
 static char *bootpath;

 /* The boot file modifies memory area in [start_address, end_address)
  * repeatedly. It outputs a 'B' at a fixed rate while it's still running.
  */
 #include "tests/migration/i386/a-b-bootblock.h"
 #include "tests/migration/aarch64/a-b-kernel.h"
 #include "tests/migration/ppc64/a-b-kernel.h"
 #include "tests/migration/s390x/a-b-bios.h"

 static void bootfile_delete(void)
 {
     if (!bootpath) {
         return;
     }
     unlink(bootpath);
     g_free(bootpath);
     bootpath = NULL;
 }

 static void bootfile_create(char *dir, bool suspend_me)
 {
     const char *arch = qtest_get_arch();
     unsigned char *content;
     size_t len;

     bootfile_delete();
     bootpath = g_strdup_printf("%s/bootsect", dir);
     if (strcmp(arch, "i386") == 0 || strcmp(arch, "x86_64") == 0) {
         /* the assembled x86 boot sector should be exactly one sector large */
         g_assert(sizeof(x86_bootsect) == 512);
         x86_bootsect[SYM_suspend_me - SYM_start] = suspend_me;
         content = x86_bootsect;
         len = sizeof(x86_bootsect);
     } else if (g_str_equal(arch, "s390x")) {
         content = s390x_elf;
         len = sizeof(s390x_elf);
     } else if (strcmp(arch, "ppc64") == 0) {
         content = ppc64_kernel;
         len = sizeof(ppc64_kernel);
     } else if (strcmp(arch, "aarch64") == 0) {
         content = aarch64_kernel;
         len = sizeof(aarch64_kernel);
         g_assert(sizeof(aarch64_kernel) <= ARM_TEST_MAX_KERNEL_SIZE);
     } else {
         g_assert_not_reached();
     }

     FILE *bootfile = fopen(bootpath, "wb");

     g_assert_cmpint(fwrite(content, len, 1, bootfile), ==, 1);
     fclose(bootfile);
 }

 /*
  * Wait for some output in the serial output file,
  * we get an 'A' followed by an endless string of 'B's
  * but on the destination we won't have the A (unless we enabled suspend/resume)
  */
 static void wait_for_serial(const char *side)
 {
     g_autofree char *serialpath = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", tmpfs, side);
     FILE *serialfile = fopen(serialpath, "r");

     do {
         int readvalue = fgetc(serialfile);

         switch (readvalue) {
         case 'A':
             /* Fine */
             break;

         case 'B':
             /* It's alive! */
             fclose(serialfile);
             return;

         case EOF:
             fseek(serialfile, 0, SEEK_SET);
             usleep(1000);
             break;

         default:
             fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected %d on %s serial\n", readvalue, side);
             g_assert_not_reached();
         }
     } while (true);
 }

 static void wait_for_stop(QTestState *who, QTestMigrationState *state)
 {
     if (!state->stop_seen) {
         qtest_qmp_eventwait(who, "STOP");
     }
 }

 static void wait_for_resume(QTestState *who, QTestMigrationState *state)
 {
     if (!state->resume_seen) {
         qtest_qmp_eventwait(who, "RESUME");
     }
 }

 static void wait_for_suspend(QTestState *who, QTestMigrationState *state)
 {
     if (state->suspend_me && !state->suspend_seen) {
         qtest_qmp_eventwait(who, "SUSPEND");
     }
 }

 /*
  * It's tricky to use qemu's migration event capability with qtest,
  * events suddenly appearing confuse the qmp()/hmp() responses.
  */

 static int64_t read_ram_property_int(QTestState *who, const char *property)
 {
     QDict *rsp_return, *rsp_ram;
     int64_t result;

     rsp_return = migrate_query_not_failed(who);
     if (!qdict_haskey(rsp_return, "ram")) {
         /* Still in setup */
         result = 0;
     } else {
         rsp_ram = qdict_get_qdict(rsp_return, "ram");
         result = qdict_get_try_int(rsp_ram, property, 0);
     }
     qobject_unref(rsp_return);
     return result;
 }

 static int64_t read_migrate_property_int(QTestState *who, const char *property)
 {
     QDict *rsp_return;
     int64_t result;

     rsp_return = migrate_query_not_failed(who);
     result = qdict_get_try_int(rsp_return, property, 0);
     qobject_unref(rsp_return);
     return result;
 }

 static uint64_t get_migration_pass(QTestState *who)
 {
     return read_ram_property_int(who, "dirty-sync-count");
 }

 static void read_blocktime(QTestState *who)
 {
     QDict *rsp_return;

     rsp_return = migrate_query_not_failed(who);
     g_assert(qdict_haskey(rsp_return, "postcopy-blocktime"));
     qobject_unref(rsp_return);
 }

 /*
  * Wait for two changes in the migration pass count, but bail if we stop.
  */
 static void wait_for_migration_pass(QTestState *who)
 {
     uint64_t pass, prev_pass = 0, changes = 0;

     while (changes < 2 && !src_state.stop_seen && !src_state.suspend_seen) {
         usleep(1000);
         pass = get_migration_pass(who);
         changes += (pass != prev_pass);
         prev_pass = pass;
     }
 }

 static void check_guests_ram(QTestState *who)
 {
     /* Our ASM test will have been incrementing one byte from each page from
      * start_address to < end_address in order. This gives us a constraint
      * that any page's byte should be equal or less than the previous pages
      * byte (mod 256); and they should all be equal except for one transition
      * at the point where we meet the incrementer. (We're running this with
      * the guest stopped).
      */
     unsigned address;
     uint8_t first_byte;
     uint8_t last_byte;
     bool hit_edge = false;
     int bad = 0;

     qtest_memread(who, start_address, &first_byte, 1);
     last_byte = first_byte;

     for (address = start_address + TEST_MEM_PAGE_SIZE; address < end_address;
          address += TEST_MEM_PAGE_SIZE)
     {
         uint8_t b;
         qtest_memread(who, address, &b, 1);
         if (b != last_byte) {
             if (((b + 1) % 256) == last_byte && !hit_edge) {
                 /* This is OK, the guest stopped at the point of
                  * incrementing the previous page but didn't get
                  * to us yet.
                  */
                 hit_edge = true;
                 last_byte = b;
             } else {
                 bad++;
                 if (bad <= 10) {
                     fprintf(stderr, "Memory content inconsistency at %x"
                             " first_byte = %x last_byte = %x current = %x"
                             " hit_edge = %x\n",
                             address, first_byte, last_byte, b, hit_edge);
                 }
             }
         }
     }
     if (bad >= 10) {
         fprintf(stderr, "and in another %d pages", bad - 10);
     }
     g_assert(bad == 0);
 }

 static void cleanup(const char *filename)
 {
     g_autofree char *path = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", tmpfs, filename);

     unlink(path);
 }

 static long long migrate_get_parameter_int(QTestState *who,
                                            const char *parameter)
 {
     QDict *rsp;
     long long result;

     rsp = qtest_qmp_assert_success_ref(
         who, "{ 'execute': 'query-migrate-parameters' }");
     result = qdict_get_int(rsp, parameter);
     qobject_unref(rsp);
     return result;
 }

 static void migrate_check_parameter_int(QTestState *who, const char *parameter,
                                         long long value)
 {
     long long result;

     result = migrate_get_parameter_int(who, parameter);
     g_assert_cmpint(result, ==, value);
 }

 static void migrate_set_parameter_int(QTestState *who, const char *parameter,
                                       long long value)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who,
                              "{ 'execute': 'migrate-set-parameters',"
                              "'arguments': { %s: %lld } }",
                              parameter, value);
     migrate_check_parameter_int(who, parameter, value);
 }

 static char *migrate_get_parameter_str(QTestState *who,
                                        const char *parameter)
 {
     QDict *rsp;
     char *result;

     rsp = qtest_qmp_assert_success_ref(
         who, "{ 'execute': 'query-migrate-parameters' }");
     result = g_strdup(qdict_get_str(rsp, parameter));
     qobject_unref(rsp);
     return result;
 }

 static void migrate_check_parameter_str(QTestState *who, const char *parameter,
                                         const char *value)
 {
     g_autofree char *result = migrate_get_parameter_str(who, parameter);
     g_assert_cmpstr(result, ==, value);
 }

 static void migrate_set_parameter_str(QTestState *who, const char *parameter,
                                       const char *value)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who,
                              "{ 'execute': 'migrate-set-parameters',"
                              "'arguments': { %s: %s } }",
                              parameter, value);
     migrate_check_parameter_str(who, parameter, value);
 }

 static long long migrate_get_parameter_bool(QTestState *who,
                                            const char *parameter)
 {
     QDict *rsp;
     int result;

     rsp = qtest_qmp_assert_success_ref(
         who, "{ 'execute': 'query-migrate-parameters' }");
     result = qdict_get_bool(rsp, parameter);
     qobject_unref(rsp);
     return !!result;
 }

 static void migrate_check_parameter_bool(QTestState *who, const char *parameter,
                                         int value)
 {
     int result;

     result = migrate_get_parameter_bool(who, parameter);
     g_assert_cmpint(result, ==, value);
 }

 static void migrate_set_parameter_bool(QTestState *who, const char *parameter,
                                       int value)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who,
                              "{ 'execute': 'migrate-set-parameters',"
                              "'arguments': { %s: %i } }",
                              parameter, value);
     migrate_check_parameter_bool(who, parameter, value);
 }

 static void migrate_ensure_non_converge(QTestState *who)
 {
     /* Can't converge with 1ms downtime + 3 mbs bandwidth limit */
     migrate_set_parameter_int(who, "max-bandwidth", 3 * 1000 * 1000);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(who, "downtime-limit", 1);
 }

 static void migrate_ensure_converge(QTestState *who)
 {
     /* Should converge with 30s downtime + 1 gbs bandwidth limit */
     migrate_set_parameter_int(who, "max-bandwidth", 1 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(who, "downtime-limit", 30 * 1000);
 }

 /*
  * Our goal is to ensure that we run a single full migration
  * iteration, and also dirty memory, ensuring that at least
  * one further iteration is required.
  *
  * We can't directly synchronize with the start of a migration
  * so we have to apply some tricks monitoring memory that is
  * transferred.
  *
  * Initially we set the migration bandwidth to an insanely
  * low value, with tiny max downtime too. This basically
  * guarantees migration will never complete.
  *
  * This will result in a test that is unacceptably slow though,
  * so we can't let the entire migration pass run at this speed.
  * Our intent is to let it run just long enough that we can
  * prove data prior to the marker has been transferred *AND*
  * also prove this transferred data is dirty again.
  *
  * Before migration starts, we write a 64-bit magic marker
  * into a fixed location in the src VM RAM.
  *
  * Then watch dst memory until the marker appears. This is
  * proof that start_address -> MAGIC_OFFSET_BASE has been
  * transferred.
  *
  * Finally we go back to the source and read a byte just
  * before the marker until we see it flip in value. This
  * is proof that start_address -> MAGIC_OFFSET_BASE
  * is now dirty again.
  *
  * IOW, we're guaranteed at least a 2nd migration pass
  * at this point.
  *
  * We can now let migration run at full speed to finish
  * the test
  */
 static void migrate_prepare_for_dirty_mem(QTestState *from)
 {
     /*
      * The guest workflow iterates from start_address to
      * end_address, writing 1 byte every TEST_MEM_PAGE_SIZE
      * bytes.
      *
      * IOW, if we write to mem at a point which is NOT
      * a multiple of TEST_MEM_PAGE_SIZE, our write won't
      * conflict with the migration workflow.
      *
      * We put in a marker here, that we'll use to determine
      * when the data has been transferred to the dst.
      */
     qtest_writeq(from, start_address + MAGIC_OFFSET, MAGIC_MARKER);
 }

 static void migrate_wait_for_dirty_mem(QTestState *from,
                                        QTestState *to)
 {
     uint64_t watch_address = start_address + MAGIC_OFFSET_BASE;
     uint64_t marker_address = start_address + MAGIC_OFFSET;
     uint8_t watch_byte;

     /*
      * Wait for the MAGIC_MARKER to get transferred, as an
      * indicator that a migration pass has made some known
      * amount of progress.
      */
     do {
         usleep(1000 * 10);
     } while (qtest_readq(to, marker_address) != MAGIC_MARKER);


     /* If suspended, src only iterates once, and watch_byte may never change */
     if (src_state.suspend_me) {
         return;
     }

     /*
      * Now ensure that already transferred bytes are
      * dirty again from the guest workload. Note the
      * guest byte value will wrap around and by chance
      * match the original watch_byte. This is harmless
      * as we'll eventually see a different value if we
      * keep watching
      */
     watch_byte = qtest_readb(from, watch_address);
     do {
         usleep(1000 * 10);
     } while (qtest_readb(from, watch_address) == watch_byte);
 }


 static void migrate_pause(QTestState *who)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who, "{ 'execute': 'migrate-pause' }");
 }

 static void migrate_continue(QTestState *who, const char *state)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who,
                              "{ 'execute': 'migrate-continue',"
                              "  'arguments': { 'state': %s } }",
                              state);
 }

 static void migrate_recover(QTestState *who, const char *uri)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who,
                              "{ 'execute': 'migrate-recover', "
                              "  'id': 'recover-cmd', "
                              "  'arguments': { 'uri': %s } }",
                              uri);
 }

 static void migrate_cancel(QTestState *who)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who, "{ 'execute': 'migrate_cancel' }");
 }

 static void migrate_postcopy_start(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(from, "{ 'execute': 'migrate-start-postcopy' }");

     wait_for_stop(from, &src_state);
     qtest_qmp_eventwait(to, "RESUME");
 }

 typedef struct {
     /*
      * QTEST_LOG=1 may override this.  When QTEST_LOG=1, we always dump errors
      * unconditionally, because it means the user would like to be verbose.
      */
     bool hide_stderr;
     bool use_shmem;
     /* only launch the target process */
     bool only_target;
     /* Use dirty ring if true; dirty logging otherwise */
     bool use_dirty_ring;
     const char *opts_source;
     const char *opts_target;
     /* suspend the src before migrating to dest. */
     bool suspend_me;
 } MigrateStart;

 /*
  * A hook that runs after the src and dst QEMUs have been
  * created, but before the migration is started. This can
  * be used to set migration parameters and capabilities.
  *
  * Returns: NULL, or a pointer to opaque state to be
  *          later passed to the TestMigrateFinishHook
  */
 typedef void * (*TestMigrateStartHook)(QTestState *from,
                                        QTestState *to);

 /*
  * A hook that runs after the migration has finished,
  * regardless of whether it succeeded or failed, but
  * before QEMU has terminated (unless it self-terminated
  * due to migration error)
  *
  * @opaque is a pointer to state previously returned
  * by the TestMigrateStartHook if any, or NULL.
  */
 typedef void (*TestMigrateFinishHook)(QTestState *from,
                                       QTestState *to,
                                       void *opaque);

 typedef struct {
     /* Optional: fine tune start parameters */
     MigrateStart start;

     /* Required: the URI for the dst QEMU to listen on */
     const char *listen_uri;

     /*
      * Optional: the URI for the src QEMU to connect to
      * If NULL, then it will query the dst QEMU for its actual
      * listening address and use that as the connect address.
      * This allows for dynamically picking a free TCP port.
      */
     const char *connect_uri;

     /*
      * Optional: JSON-formatted list of src QEMU URIs. If a port is
      * defined as '0' in any QDict key a value of '0' will be
      * automatically converted to the correct destination port.
      */
     const char *connect_channels;

     /* Optional: callback to run at start to set migration parameters */
     TestMigrateStartHook start_hook;
     /* Optional: callback to run at finish to cleanup */
     TestMigrateFinishHook finish_hook;

     /*
      * Optional: normally we expect the migration process to complete.
      *
      * There can be a variety of reasons and stages in which failure
      * can happen during tests.
      *
      * If a failure is expected to happen at time of establishing
      * the connection, then MIG_TEST_FAIL will indicate that the dst
      * QEMU is expected to stay running and accept future migration
      * connections.
      *
      * If a failure is expected to happen while processing the
      * migration stream, then MIG_TEST_FAIL_DEST_QUIT_ERR will indicate
      * that the dst QEMU is expected to quit with non-zero exit status
      */
     enum {
         /* This test should succeed, the default */
         MIG_TEST_SUCCEED = 0,
         /* This test should fail, dest qemu should keep alive */
         MIG_TEST_FAIL,
         /* This test should fail, dest qemu should fail with abnormal status */
         MIG_TEST_FAIL_DEST_QUIT_ERR,
         /* The QMP command for this migration should fail with an error */
         MIG_TEST_QMP_ERROR,
     } result;

     /*
      * Optional: set number of migration passes to wait for, if live==true.
      * If zero, then merely wait for a few MB of dirty data
      */
     unsigned int iterations;

     /*
      * Optional: whether the guest CPUs should be running during a precopy
      * migration test.  We used to always run with live but it took much
      * longer so we reduced live tests to only the ones that have solid
      * reason to be tested live-only.  For each of the new test cases for
      * precopy please provide justifications to use live explicitly (please
      * refer to existing ones with live=true), or use live=off by default.
      */
     bool live;

     /* Postcopy specific fields */
     void *postcopy_data;
     bool postcopy_preempt;
     PostcopyRecoveryFailStage postcopy_recovery_fail_stage;
 } MigrateCommon;

 static int test_migrate_start(QTestState **from, QTestState **to,
                               const char *uri, MigrateStart *args)
 {
     g_autofree gchar *arch_source = NULL;
     g_autofree gchar *arch_target = NULL;
     /* options for source and target */
     g_autofree gchar *arch_opts = NULL;
     g_autofree gchar *cmd_source = NULL;
     g_autofree gchar *cmd_target = NULL;
     const gchar *ignore_stderr;
     g_autofree char *shmem_opts = NULL;
     g_autofree char *shmem_path = NULL;
     const char *kvm_opts = NULL;
     const char *arch = qtest_get_arch();
     const char *memory_size;
     const char *machine_alias, *machine_opts = "";
     g_autofree char *machine = NULL;

     if (args->use_shmem) {
         if (!g_file_test("/dev/shm", G_FILE_TEST_IS_DIR)) {
             g_test_skip("/dev/shm is not supported");
             return -1;
         }
     }

     dst_state = (QTestMigrationState) { };
     src_state = (QTestMigrationState) { };
     bootfile_create(tmpfs, args->suspend_me);
     src_state.suspend_me = args->suspend_me;

     if (strcmp(arch, "i386") == 0 || strcmp(arch, "x86_64") == 0) {
         memory_size = "150M";

         if (g_str_equal(arch, "i386")) {
             machine_alias = "pc";
         } else {
             machine_alias = "q35";
         }
         arch_opts = g_strdup_printf(
             "-drive if=none,id=d0,file=%s,format=raw "
             "-device ide-hd,drive=d0,secs=1,cyls=1,heads=1", bootpath);
         start_address = X86_TEST_MEM_START;
         end_address = X86_TEST_MEM_END;
     } else if (g_str_equal(arch, "s390x")) {
         memory_size = "128M";
         machine_alias = "s390-ccw-virtio";
         arch_opts = g_strdup_printf("-bios %s", bootpath);
         start_address = S390_TEST_MEM_START;
         end_address = S390_TEST_MEM_END;
     } else if (strcmp(arch, "ppc64") == 0) {
         memory_size = "256M";
         start_address = PPC_TEST_MEM_START;
         end_address = PPC_TEST_MEM_END;
         machine_alias = "pseries";
         machine_opts = "vsmt=8";
         arch_opts = g_strdup_printf(
             "-nodefaults -machine " PSERIES_DEFAULT_CAPABILITIES " "
             "-bios %s", bootpath);
     } else if (strcmp(arch, "aarch64") == 0) {
         memory_size = "150M";
         machine_alias = "virt";
         machine_opts = "gic-version=3";
         arch_opts = g_strdup_printf("-cpu max -kernel %s", bootpath);
         start_address = ARM_TEST_MEM_START;
         end_address = ARM_TEST_MEM_END;
     } else {
         g_assert_not_reached();
     }

     if (!getenv("QTEST_LOG") && args->hide_stderr) {
 #ifndef _WIN32
         ignore_stderr = "2>/dev/null";
 #else
         /*
          * On Windows the QEMU executable is created via CreateProcess() and
          * IO redirection does not work, so don't bother adding IO redirection
          * to the command line.
          */
         ignore_stderr = "";
 #endif
     } else {
         ignore_stderr = "";
     }

     if (args->use_shmem) {
         shmem_path = g_strdup_printf("/dev/shm/qemu-%d", getpid());
         shmem_opts = g_strdup_printf(
             "-object memory-backend-file,id=mem0,size=%s"
             ",mem-path=%s,share=on -numa node,memdev=mem0",
             memory_size, shmem_path);
     }

     if (args->use_dirty_ring) {
         kvm_opts = ",dirty-ring-size=4096";
     }

     if (!qtest_has_machine(machine_alias)) {
         g_autofree char *msg = g_strdup_printf("machine %s not supported", machine_alias);
         g_test_skip(msg);
         return -1;
     }

     machine = resolve_machine_version(machine_alias, QEMU_ENV_SRC,
                                       QEMU_ENV_DST);

     g_test_message("Using machine type: %s", machine);

     cmd_source = g_strdup_printf("-accel kvm%s -accel tcg "
                                  "-machine %s,%s "
                                  "-name source,debug-threads=on "
                                  "-m %s "
                                  "-serial file:%s/src_serial "
                                  "%s %s %s %s %s",
                                  kvm_opts ? kvm_opts : "",
                                  machine, machine_opts,
                                  memory_size, tmpfs,
                                  arch_opts ? arch_opts : "",
                                  arch_source ? arch_source : "",
                                  shmem_opts ? shmem_opts : "",
                                  args->opts_source ? args->opts_source : "",
                                  ignore_stderr);
     if (!args->only_target) {
         *from = qtest_init_with_env(QEMU_ENV_SRC, cmd_source);
         qtest_qmp_set_event_callback(*from,
                                      migrate_watch_for_events,
                                      &src_state);
     }

     cmd_target = g_strdup_printf("-accel kvm%s -accel tcg "
                                  "-machine %s,%s "
                                  "-name target,debug-threads=on "
                                  "-m %s "
                                  "-serial file:%s/dest_serial "
                                  "-incoming %s "
                                  "%s %s %s %s %s",
                                  kvm_opts ? kvm_opts : "",
                                  machine, machine_opts,
                                  memory_size, tmpfs, uri,
                                  arch_opts ? arch_opts : "",
                                  arch_target ? arch_target : "",
                                  shmem_opts ? shmem_opts : "",
                                  args->opts_target ? args->opts_target : "",
                                  ignore_stderr);
     *to = qtest_init_with_env(QEMU_ENV_DST, cmd_target);
     qtest_qmp_set_event_callback(*to,
                                  migrate_watch_for_events,
                                  &dst_state);

     /*
      * Remove shmem file immediately to avoid memory leak in test failed case.
      * It's valid because QEMU has already opened this file
      */
     if (args->use_shmem) {
         unlink(shmem_path);
     }

     /*
      * Always enable migration events.  Libvirt always uses it, let's try
      * to mimic as closer as that.
      */
     migrate_set_capability(*from, "events", true);
     migrate_set_capability(*to, "events", true);

     return 0;
 }

 static void test_migrate_end(QTestState *from, QTestState *to, bool test_dest)
 {
     unsigned char dest_byte_a, dest_byte_b, dest_byte_c, dest_byte_d;

     qtest_quit(from);

     if (test_dest) {
         qtest_memread(to, start_address, &dest_byte_a, 1);

         /* Destination still running, wait for a byte to change */
         do {
             qtest_memread(to, start_address, &dest_byte_b, 1);
             usleep(1000 * 10);
         } while (dest_byte_a == dest_byte_b);

         qtest_qmp_assert_success(to, "{ 'execute' : 'stop'}");

         /* With it stopped, check nothing changes */
         qtest_memread(to, start_address, &dest_byte_c, 1);
         usleep(1000 * 200);
         qtest_memread(to, start_address, &dest_byte_d, 1);
         g_assert_cmpint(dest_byte_c, ==, dest_byte_d);

         check_guests_ram(to);
     }

     qtest_quit(to);

     cleanup("migsocket");
     cleanup("src_serial");
     cleanup("dest_serial");
     cleanup(FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
 struct TestMigrateTLSPSKData {
     char *workdir;
     char *workdiralt;
     char *pskfile;
     char *pskfilealt;
 };

 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_psk_start_common(QTestState *from,
                                   QTestState *to,
                                   bool mismatch)
 {
     struct TestMigrateTLSPSKData *data =
         g_new0(struct TestMigrateTLSPSKData, 1);

     data->workdir = g_strdup_printf("%s/tlscredspsk0", tmpfs);
     data->pskfile = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", data->workdir,
                                     QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS_PSKFILE);
     g_mkdir_with_parents(data->workdir, 0700);
     test_tls_psk_init(data->pskfile);

     if (mismatch) {
         data->workdiralt = g_strdup_printf("%s/tlscredspskalt0", tmpfs);
         data->pskfilealt = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", data->workdiralt,
                                            QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS_PSKFILE);
         g_mkdir_with_parents(data->workdiralt, 0700);
         test_tls_psk_init_alt(data->pskfilealt);
     }

     qtest_qmp_assert_success(from,
                              "{ 'execute': 'object-add',"
                              "  'arguments': { 'qom-type': 'tls-creds-psk',"
                              "                 'id': 'tlscredspsk0',"
                              "                 'endpoint': 'client',"
                              "                 'dir': %s,"
                              "                 'username': 'qemu'} }",
                              data->workdir);

     qtest_qmp_assert_success(to,
                              "{ 'execute': 'object-add',"
                              "  'arguments': { 'qom-type': 'tls-creds-psk',"
                              "                 'id': 'tlscredspsk0',"
                              "                 'endpoint': 'server',"
                              "                 'dir': %s } }",
                              mismatch ? data->workdiralt : data->workdir);

     migrate_set_parameter_str(from, "tls-creds", "tlscredspsk0");
     migrate_set_parameter_str(to, "tls-creds", "tlscredspsk0");

     return data;
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_psk_start_match(QTestState *from,
                                  QTestState *to)
 {
     return test_migrate_tls_psk_start_common(from, to, false);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_psk_start_mismatch(QTestState *from,
                                     QTestState *to)
 {
     return test_migrate_tls_psk_start_common(from, to, true);
 }

 static void
 test_migrate_tls_psk_finish(QTestState *from,
                             QTestState *to,
                             void *opaque)
 {
     struct TestMigrateTLSPSKData *data = opaque;

     test_tls_psk_cleanup(data->pskfile);
     if (data->pskfilealt) {
         test_tls_psk_cleanup(data->pskfilealt);
     }
     rmdir(data->workdir);
     if (data->workdiralt) {
         rmdir(data->workdiralt);
     }

     g_free(data->workdiralt);
     g_free(data->pskfilealt);
     g_free(data->workdir);
     g_free(data->pskfile);
     g_free(data);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
 typedef struct {
     char *workdir;
     char *keyfile;
     char *cacert;
     char *servercert;
     char *serverkey;
     char *clientcert;
     char *clientkey;
 } TestMigrateTLSX509Data;

 typedef struct {
     bool verifyclient;
     bool clientcert;
     bool hostileclient;
     bool authzclient;
     const char *certhostname;
     const char *certipaddr;
 } TestMigrateTLSX509;

 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_x509_start_common(QTestState *from,
                                    QTestState *to,
                                    TestMigrateTLSX509 *args)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509Data *data = g_new0(TestMigrateTLSX509Data, 1);

     data->workdir = g_strdup_printf("%s/tlscredsx5090", tmpfs);
     data->keyfile = g_strdup_printf("%s/key.pem", data->workdir);

     data->cacert = g_strdup_printf("%s/ca-cert.pem", data->workdir);
     data->serverkey = g_strdup_printf("%s/server-key.pem", data->workdir);
     data->servercert = g_strdup_printf("%s/server-cert.pem", data->workdir);
     if (args->clientcert) {
         data->clientkey = g_strdup_printf("%s/client-key.pem", data->workdir);
         data->clientcert = g_strdup_printf("%s/client-cert.pem", data->workdir);
     }

     g_mkdir_with_parents(data->workdir, 0700);

     test_tls_init(data->keyfile);
 #ifndef _WIN32
     g_assert(link(data->keyfile, data->serverkey) == 0);
 #else
     g_assert(CreateHardLink(data->serverkey, data->keyfile, NULL) != 0);
 #endif
     if (args->clientcert) {
 #ifndef _WIN32
         g_assert(link(data->keyfile, data->clientkey) == 0);
 #else
         g_assert(CreateHardLink(data->clientkey, data->keyfile, NULL) != 0);
 #endif
     }

     TLS_ROOT_REQ_SIMPLE(cacertreq, data->cacert);
     if (args->clientcert) {
         TLS_CERT_REQ_SIMPLE_CLIENT(servercertreq, cacertreq,
                                    args->hostileclient ?
                                    QCRYPTO_TLS_TEST_CLIENT_HOSTILE_NAME :
                                    QCRYPTO_TLS_TEST_CLIENT_NAME,
                                    data->clientcert);
     }

     TLS_CERT_REQ_SIMPLE_SERVER(clientcertreq, cacertreq,
                                data->servercert,
                                args->certhostname,
                                args->certipaddr);

     qtest_qmp_assert_success(from,
                              "{ 'execute': 'object-add',"
                              "  'arguments': { 'qom-type': 'tls-creds-x509',"
                              "                 'id': 'tlscredsx509client0',"
                              "                 'endpoint': 'client',"
                              "                 'dir': %s,"
                              "                 'sanity-check': true,"
                              "                 'verify-peer': true} }",
                              data->workdir);
     migrate_set_parameter_str(from, "tls-creds", "tlscredsx509client0");
     if (args->certhostname) {
         migrate_set_parameter_str(from, "tls-hostname", args->certhostname);
     }

     qtest_qmp_assert_success(to,
                              "{ 'execute': 'object-add',"
                              "  'arguments': { 'qom-type': 'tls-creds-x509',"
                              "                 'id': 'tlscredsx509server0',"
                              "                 'endpoint': 'server',"
                              "                 'dir': %s,"
                              "                 'sanity-check': true,"
                              "                 'verify-peer': %i} }",
                              data->workdir, args->verifyclient);
     migrate_set_parameter_str(to, "tls-creds", "tlscredsx509server0");

     if (args->authzclient) {
         qtest_qmp_assert_success(to,
                                  "{ 'execute': 'object-add',"
                                  "  'arguments': { 'qom-type': 'authz-simple',"
                                  "                 'id': 'tlsauthz0',"
                                  "                 'identity': %s} }",
                                  "CN=" QCRYPTO_TLS_TEST_CLIENT_NAME);
         migrate_set_parameter_str(to, "tls-authz", "tlsauthz0");
     }

     return data;
 }

 /*
  * The normal case: match server's cert hostname against
  * whatever host we were telling QEMU to connect to (if any)
  */
 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_x509_start_default_host(QTestState *from,
                                          QTestState *to)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509 args = {
         .verifyclient = true,
         .clientcert = true,
         .certipaddr = "127.0.0.1"
     };
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_common(from, to, &args);
 }

 /*
  * The unusual case: the server's cert is different from
  * the address we're telling QEMU to connect to (if any),
  * so we must give QEMU an explicit hostname to validate
  */
 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_x509_start_override_host(QTestState *from,
                                           QTestState *to)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509 args = {
         .verifyclient = true,
         .clientcert = true,
         .certhostname = "qemu.org",
     };
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_common(from, to, &args);
 }

 /*
  * The unusual case: the server's cert is different from
  * the address we're telling QEMU to connect to, and so we
  * expect the client to reject the server
  */
 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_x509_start_mismatch_host(QTestState *from,
                                           QTestState *to)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509 args = {
         .verifyclient = true,
         .clientcert = true,
         .certipaddr = "10.0.0.1",
     };
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_common(from, to, &args);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_x509_start_friendly_client(QTestState *from,
                                             QTestState *to)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509 args = {
         .verifyclient = true,
         .clientcert = true,
         .authzclient = true,
         .certipaddr = "127.0.0.1",
     };
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_common(from, to, &args);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_x509_start_hostile_client(QTestState *from,
                                            QTestState *to)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509 args = {
         .verifyclient = true,
         .clientcert = true,
         .hostileclient = true,
         .authzclient = true,
         .certipaddr = "127.0.0.1",
     };
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_common(from, to, &args);
 }

 /*
  * The case with no client certificate presented,
  * and no server verification
  */
 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_x509_start_allow_anon_client(QTestState *from,
                                               QTestState *to)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509 args = {
         .certipaddr = "127.0.0.1",
     };
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_common(from, to, &args);
 }

 /*
  * The case with no client certificate presented,
  * and server verification rejecting
  */
 static void *
 test_migrate_tls_x509_start_reject_anon_client(QTestState *from,
                                                QTestState *to)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509 args = {
         .verifyclient = true,
         .certipaddr = "127.0.0.1",
     };
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_common(from, to, &args);
 }

 static void
 test_migrate_tls_x509_finish(QTestState *from,
                              QTestState *to,
                              void *opaque)
 {
     TestMigrateTLSX509Data *data = opaque;

     test_tls_cleanup(data->keyfile);
     g_free(data->keyfile);

     unlink(data->cacert);
     g_free(data->cacert);
     unlink(data->servercert);
     g_free(data->servercert);
     unlink(data->serverkey);
     g_free(data->serverkey);

     if (data->clientcert) {
         unlink(data->clientcert);
         g_free(data->clientcert);
     }
     if (data->clientkey) {
         unlink(data->clientkey);
         g_free(data->clientkey);
     }

     rmdir(data->workdir);
     g_free(data->workdir);

     g_free(data);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_GNUTLS */

 static int migrate_postcopy_prepare(QTestState **from_ptr,
                                     QTestState **to_ptr,
                                     MigrateCommon *args)
 {
     QTestState *from, *to;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, "defer", &args->start)) {
         return -1;
     }

     if (args->start_hook) {
         args->postcopy_data = args->start_hook(from, to);
     }

     migrate_set_capability(from, "postcopy-ram", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "postcopy-ram", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "postcopy-blocktime", true);

     if (args->postcopy_preempt) {
         migrate_set_capability(from, "postcopy-preempt", true);
         migrate_set_capability(to, "postcopy-preempt", true);
     }

     migrate_ensure_non_converge(from);

     migrate_prepare_for_dirty_mem(from);
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(to, "{ 'execute': 'migrate-incoming',"
                              "  'arguments': { "
                              "      'channels': [ { 'channel-type': 'main',"
                              "      'addr': { 'transport': 'socket',"
                              "                'type': 'inet',"
                              "                'host': '127.0.0.1',"
                              "                'port': '0' } } ] } }");

     /* Wait for the first serial output from the source */
     wait_for_serial("src_serial");
     wait_for_suspend(from, &src_state);

     migrate_qmp(from, to, NULL, NULL, "{}");

     migrate_wait_for_dirty_mem(from, to);

     *from_ptr = from;
     *to_ptr = to;

     return 0;
 }

 static void migrate_postcopy_complete(QTestState *from, QTestState *to,
                                       MigrateCommon *args)
 {
     wait_for_migration_complete(from);

     if (args->start.suspend_me) {
         /* wakeup succeeds only if guest is suspended */
         qtest_qmp_assert_success(to, "{'execute': 'system_wakeup'}");
     }

     /* Make sure we get at least one "B" on destination */
     wait_for_serial("dest_serial");

     if (uffd_feature_thread_id) {
         read_blocktime(to);
     }

     if (args->finish_hook) {
         args->finish_hook(from, to, args->postcopy_data);
         args->postcopy_data = NULL;
     }

     test_migrate_end(from, to, true);
 }

 static void test_postcopy_common(MigrateCommon *args)
 {
     QTestState *from, *to;

     if (migrate_postcopy_prepare(&from, &to, args)) {
         return;
     }
     migrate_postcopy_start(from, to);
     migrate_postcopy_complete(from, to, args);
 }

 static void test_postcopy(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = { };

     test_postcopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_postcopy_suspend(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start.suspend_me = true,
     };

     test_postcopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_postcopy_preempt(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .postcopy_preempt = true,
     };

     test_postcopy_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
 static void test_postcopy_tls_psk(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_start_match,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
     };

     test_postcopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_postcopy_preempt_tls_psk(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .postcopy_preempt = true,
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_start_match,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
     };

     test_postcopy_common(&args);
 }
 #endif

 static void wait_for_postcopy_status(QTestState *one, const char *status)
 {
     wait_for_migration_status(one, status,
                               (const char * []) { "failed", "active",
                                                   "completed", NULL });
 }

 static void postcopy_recover_fail(QTestState *from, QTestState *to,
                                   PostcopyRecoveryFailStage stage)
 {
 #ifndef _WIN32
     bool fail_early = (stage == POSTCOPY_FAIL_CHANNEL_ESTABLISH);
     int ret, pair1[2], pair2[2];
     char c;

     g_assert(stage > POSTCOPY_FAIL_NONE && stage < POSTCOPY_FAIL_MAX);

     /* Create two unrelated socketpairs */
     ret = qemu_socketpair(PF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0, pair1);
     g_assert_cmpint(ret, ==, 0);

     ret = qemu_socketpair(PF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0, pair2);
     g_assert_cmpint(ret, ==, 0);

     /*
      * Give the guests unpaired ends of the sockets, so they'll all blocked
      * at reading.  This mimics a wrong channel established.
      */
     qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(from, &pair1[0], 1,
                                  "{ 'execute': 'getfd',"
                                  "  'arguments': { 'fdname': 'fd-mig' }}");
     qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(to, &pair2[0], 1,
                                  "{ 'execute': 'getfd',"
                                  "  'arguments': { 'fdname': 'fd-mig' }}");

     /*
      * Write the 1st byte as QEMU_VM_COMMAND (0x8) for the dest socket, to
      * emulate the 1st byte of a real recovery, but stops from there to
      * keep dest QEMU in RECOVER.  This is needed so that we can kick off
      * the recover process on dest QEMU (by triggering the G_IO_IN event).
      *
      * NOTE: this trick is not needed on src QEMUs, because src doesn't
      * rely on an pre-existing G_IO_IN event, so it will always trigger the
      * upcoming recovery anyway even if it can read nothing.
      */
 #define QEMU_VM_COMMAND              0x08
     c = QEMU_VM_COMMAND;
     ret = send(pair2[1], &c, 1, 0);
     g_assert_cmpint(ret, ==, 1);

     if (stage == POSTCOPY_FAIL_CHANNEL_ESTABLISH) {
         /*
          * This will make src QEMU to fail at an early stage when trying to
          * resume later, where it shouldn't reach RECOVER stage at all.
          */
         close(pair1[1]);
     }

     migrate_recover(to, "fd:fd-mig");
     migrate_qmp(from, to, "fd:fd-mig", NULL, "{'resume': true}");

     /*
      * Source QEMU has an extra RECOVER_SETUP phase, dest doesn't have it.
      * Make sure it appears along the way.
      */
     migration_event_wait(from, "postcopy-recover-setup");

     if (fail_early) {
         /*
          * When fails at reconnection, src QEMU will automatically goes
          * back to PAUSED state.  Making sure there is an event in this
          * case: Libvirt relies on this to detect early reconnection
          * errors.
          */
         migration_event_wait(from, "postcopy-paused");
     } else {
         /*
          * We want to test "fail later" at RECOVER stage here.  Make sure
          * both QEMU instances will go into RECOVER stage first, then test
          * kicking them out using migrate-pause.
          *
          * Explicitly check the RECOVER event on src, that's what Libvirt
          * relies on, rather than polling.
          */
         migration_event_wait(from, "postcopy-recover");
         wait_for_postcopy_status(from, "postcopy-recover");

         /* Need an explicit kick on src QEMU in this case */
         migrate_pause(from);
     }

     /*
      * For all failure cases, we'll reach such states on both sides now.
      * Check them.
      */
     wait_for_postcopy_status(from, "postcopy-paused");
     wait_for_postcopy_status(to, "postcopy-recover");

     /*
      * Kick dest QEMU out too. This is normally not needed in reality
      * because when the channel is shutdown it should also happen on src.
      * However here we used separate socket pairs so we need to do that
      * explicitly.
      */
     migrate_pause(to);
     wait_for_postcopy_status(to, "postcopy-paused");

     close(pair1[0]);
     close(pair2[0]);
     close(pair2[1]);

     if (stage != POSTCOPY_FAIL_CHANNEL_ESTABLISH) {
         close(pair1[1]);
     }
 #endif
 }

 static void test_postcopy_recovery_common(MigrateCommon *args)
 {
     QTestState *from, *to;
     g_autofree char *uri = NULL;

     /* Always hide errors for postcopy recover tests since they're expected */
     args->start.hide_stderr = true;

     if (migrate_postcopy_prepare(&from, &to, args)) {
         return;
     }

     /* Turn postcopy speed down, 4K/s is slow enough on any machines */
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "max-postcopy-bandwidth", 4096);

     /* Now we start the postcopy */
     migrate_postcopy_start(from, to);

     /*
      * Wait until postcopy is really started; we can only run the
      * migrate-pause command during a postcopy
      */
     wait_for_migration_status(from, "postcopy-active", NULL);

     /*
      * Manually stop the postcopy migration. This emulates a network
      * failure with the migration socket
      */
     migrate_pause(from);

     /*
      * Wait for destination side to reach postcopy-paused state.  The
      * migrate-recover command can only succeed if destination machine
      * is in the paused state
      */
     wait_for_postcopy_status(to, "postcopy-paused");
     wait_for_postcopy_status(from, "postcopy-paused");

     if (args->postcopy_recovery_fail_stage) {
         /*
          * Test when a wrong socket specified for recover, and then the
          * ability to kick it out, and continue with a correct socket.
          */
         postcopy_recover_fail(from, to, args->postcopy_recovery_fail_stage);
         /* continue with a good recovery */
     }

     /*
      * Create a new socket to emulate a new channel that is different
      * from the broken migration channel; tell the destination to
      * listen to the new port
      */
     uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket-recover", tmpfs);
     migrate_recover(to, uri);

     /*
      * Try to rebuild the migration channel using the resume flag and
      * the newly created channel
      */
     migrate_qmp(from, to, uri, NULL, "{'resume': true}");

     /* Restore the postcopy bandwidth to unlimited */
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "max-postcopy-bandwidth", 0);

     migrate_postcopy_complete(from, to, args);
 }

 static void test_postcopy_recovery(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = { };

     test_postcopy_recovery_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_postcopy_recovery_fail_handshake(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .postcopy_recovery_fail_stage = POSTCOPY_FAIL_RECOVERY,
     };

     test_postcopy_recovery_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_postcopy_recovery_fail_reconnect(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .postcopy_recovery_fail_stage = POSTCOPY_FAIL_CHANNEL_ESTABLISH,
     };

     test_postcopy_recovery_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
 static void test_postcopy_recovery_tls_psk(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_start_match,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
     };

     test_postcopy_recovery_common(&args);
 }
 #endif

 static void test_postcopy_preempt_recovery(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .postcopy_preempt = true,
     };

     test_postcopy_recovery_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
 /* This contains preempt+recovery+tls test altogether */
 static void test_postcopy_preempt_all(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .postcopy_preempt = true,
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_start_match,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
     };

     test_postcopy_recovery_common(&args);
 }

 #endif

 static void test_baddest(void)
 {
     MigrateStart args = {
         .hide_stderr = true
     };
     QTestState *from, *to;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, "tcp:127.0.0.1:0", &args)) {
         return;
     }
     migrate_qmp(from, to, "tcp:127.0.0.1:0", NULL, "{}");
     wait_for_migration_fail(from, false);
     test_migrate_end(from, to, false);
 }

 #ifndef _WIN32
 static void test_analyze_script(void)
 {
     MigrateStart args = {
         .opts_source = "-uuid 11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
     };
     QTestState *from, *to;
     g_autofree char *uri = NULL;
     g_autofree char *file = NULL;
     int pid, wstatus;
     const char *python = g_getenv("PYTHON");

     if (!python) {
         g_test_skip("PYTHON variable not set");
         return;
     }

     /* dummy url */
     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, "tcp:127.0.0.1:0", &args)) {
         return;
     }

     /*
      * Setting these two capabilities causes the "configuration"
      * vmstate to include subsections for them. The script needs to
      * parse those subsections properly.
      */
     migrate_set_capability(from, "validate-uuid", true);
     migrate_set_capability(from, "x-ignore-shared", true);

     file = g_strdup_printf("%s/migfile", tmpfs);
     uri = g_strdup_printf("exec:cat > %s", file);

     migrate_ensure_converge(from);
     migrate_qmp(from, to, uri, NULL, "{}");
     wait_for_migration_complete(from);

     pid = fork();
     if (!pid) {
         close(1);
         open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
         execl(python, python, ANALYZE_SCRIPT, "-f", file, NULL);
         g_assert_not_reached();
     }

     g_assert(waitpid(pid, &wstatus, 0) == pid);
     if (!WIFEXITED(wstatus) || WEXITSTATUS(wstatus) != 0) {
         g_test_message("Failed to analyze the migration stream");
         g_test_fail();
     }
     test_migrate_end(from, to, false);
     cleanup("migfile");
 }
 #endif

 static void test_precopy_common(MigrateCommon *args)
 {
     QTestState *from, *to;
     void *data_hook = NULL;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, args->listen_uri, &args->start)) {
         return;
     }

     if (args->start_hook) {
         data_hook = args->start_hook(from, to);
     }

     /* Wait for the first serial output from the source */
     if (args->result == MIG_TEST_SUCCEED) {
         wait_for_serial("src_serial");
         wait_for_suspend(from, &src_state);
     }

     if (args->live) {
         migrate_ensure_non_converge(from);
         migrate_prepare_for_dirty_mem(from);
     } else {
         /*
          * Testing non-live migration, we allow it to run at
          * full speed to ensure short test case duration.
          * For tests expected to fail, we don't need to
          * change anything.
          */
         if (args->result == MIG_TEST_SUCCEED) {
             qtest_qmp_assert_success(from, "{ 'execute' : 'stop'}");
             wait_for_stop(from, &src_state);
             migrate_ensure_converge(from);
         }
     }

     if (args->result == MIG_TEST_QMP_ERROR) {
         migrate_qmp_fail(from, args->connect_uri, args->connect_channels, "{}");
         goto finish;
     }

     migrate_qmp(from, to, args->connect_uri, args->connect_channels, "{}");

     if (args->result != MIG_TEST_SUCCEED) {
         bool allow_active = args->result == MIG_TEST_FAIL;
         wait_for_migration_fail(from, allow_active);

         if (args->result == MIG_TEST_FAIL_DEST_QUIT_ERR) {
             qtest_set_expected_status(to, EXIT_FAILURE);
         }
     } else {
         if (args->live) {
             /*
              * For initial iteration(s) we must do a full pass,
              * but for the final iteration, we need only wait
              * for some dirty mem before switching to converge
              */
             while (args->iterations > 1) {
                 wait_for_migration_pass(from);
                 args->iterations--;
             }
             migrate_wait_for_dirty_mem(from, to);

             migrate_ensure_converge(from);

             /*
              * We do this first, as it has a timeout to stop us
              * hanging forever if migration didn't converge
              */
             wait_for_migration_complete(from);

             wait_for_stop(from, &src_state);

         } else {
             wait_for_migration_complete(from);
             /*
              * Must wait for dst to finish reading all incoming
              * data on the socket before issuing 'cont' otherwise
              * it'll be ignored
              */
             wait_for_migration_complete(to);

             qtest_qmp_assert_success(to, "{ 'execute' : 'cont'}");
         }

         wait_for_resume(to, &dst_state);

         if (args->start.suspend_me) {
             /* wakeup succeeds only if guest is suspended */
             qtest_qmp_assert_success(to, "{'execute': 'system_wakeup'}");
         }

         wait_for_serial("dest_serial");
     }

 finish:
     if (args->finish_hook) {
         args->finish_hook(from, to, data_hook);
     }

     test_migrate_end(from, to, args->result == MIG_TEST_SUCCEED);
 }

 static void file_dirty_offset_region(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *path = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", tmpfs, FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     size_t size = FILE_TEST_OFFSET;
     g_autofree char *data = g_new0(char, size);

     memset(data, FILE_TEST_MARKER, size);
     g_assert(g_file_set_contents(path, data, size, NULL));
 }

 static void file_check_offset_region(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *path = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", tmpfs, FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     size_t size = FILE_TEST_OFFSET;
     g_autofree char *expected = g_new0(char, size);
     g_autofree char *actual = NULL;
     uint64_t *stream_start;

     /*
      * Ensure the skipped offset region's data has not been touched
      * and the migration stream starts at the right place.
      */

     memset(expected, FILE_TEST_MARKER, size);

     g_assert(g_file_get_contents(path, &actual, NULL, NULL));
     g_assert(!memcmp(actual, expected, size));

     stream_start = (uint64_t *)(actual + size);
     g_assert_cmpint(cpu_to_be64(*stream_start) >> 32, ==, QEMU_VM_FILE_MAGIC);
 }

 static void test_file_common(MigrateCommon *args, bool stop_src)
 {
     QTestState *from, *to;
     void *data_hook = NULL;
     bool check_offset = false;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, args->listen_uri, &args->start)) {
         return;
     }

     /*
      * File migration is never live. We can keep the source VM running
      * during migration, but the destination will not be running
      * concurrently.
      */
     g_assert_false(args->live);

     if (g_strrstr(args->connect_uri, "offset=")) {
         check_offset = true;
         /*
          * This comes before the start_hook because it's equivalent to
          * a management application creating the file and writing to
          * it so hooks should expect the file to be already present.
          */
         file_dirty_offset_region();
     }

     if (args->start_hook) {
         data_hook = args->start_hook(from, to);
     }

     migrate_ensure_converge(from);
     wait_for_serial("src_serial");

     if (stop_src) {
         qtest_qmp_assert_success(from, "{ 'execute' : 'stop'}");
         wait_for_stop(from, &src_state);
     }

     if (args->result == MIG_TEST_QMP_ERROR) {
         migrate_qmp_fail(from, args->connect_uri, NULL, "{}");
         goto finish;
     }

     migrate_qmp(from, to, args->connect_uri, NULL, "{}");
     wait_for_migration_complete(from);

     /*
      * We need to wait for the source to finish before starting the
      * destination.
      */
     migrate_incoming_qmp(to, args->connect_uri, "{}");
     wait_for_migration_complete(to);

     if (stop_src) {
         qtest_qmp_assert_success(to, "{ 'execute' : 'cont'}");
     }
     wait_for_resume(to, &dst_state);

     wait_for_serial("dest_serial");

     if (check_offset) {
         file_check_offset_region();
     }

 finish:
     if (args->finish_hook) {
         args->finish_hook(from, to, data_hook);
     }

     test_migrate_end(from, to, args->result == MIG_TEST_SUCCEED);
 }

 static void test_precopy_unix_plain(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .connect_uri = uri,
         /*
          * The simplest use case of precopy, covering smoke tests of
          * get-dirty-log dirty tracking.
          */
         .live = true,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_unix_suspend_live(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .connect_uri = uri,
         /*
          * despite being live, the test is fast because the src
          * suspends immediately.
          */
         .live = true,
         .start.suspend_me = true,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_unix_suspend_notlive(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .start.suspend_me = true,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_unix_dirty_ring(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .use_dirty_ring = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .connect_uri = uri,
         /*
          * Besides the precopy/unix basic test, cover dirty ring interface
          * rather than get-dirty-log.
          */
         .live = true,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
 static void test_precopy_unix_tls_psk(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_start_match,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
 static void test_precopy_unix_tls_x509_default_host(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_default_host,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
         .result = MIG_TEST_FAIL_DEST_QUIT_ERR,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_unix_tls_x509_override_host(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_override_host,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_GNUTLS */

 #if 0
 /* Currently upset on aarch64 TCG */
 static void test_ignore_shared(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     QTestState *from, *to;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, uri, false, true, NULL, NULL)) {
         return;
     }

     migrate_ensure_non_converge(from);
     migrate_prepare_for_dirty_mem(from);

     migrate_set_capability(from, "x-ignore-shared", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "x-ignore-shared", true);

     /* Wait for the first serial output from the source */
     wait_for_serial("src_serial");

     migrate_qmp(from, to, uri, NULL, "{}");

     migrate_wait_for_dirty_mem(from, to);

     wait_for_stop(from, &src_state);

     qtest_qmp_eventwait(to, "RESUME");

     wait_for_serial("dest_serial");
     wait_for_migration_complete(from);

     /* Check whether shared RAM has been really skipped */
     g_assert_cmpint(read_ram_property_int(from, "transferred"), <, 1024 * 1024);

     test_migrate_end(from, to, true);
 }
 #endif

 static void *
 test_migrate_xbzrle_start(QTestState *from,
                           QTestState *to)
 {
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "xbzrle-cache-size", 33554432);

     migrate_set_capability(from, "xbzrle", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "xbzrle", true);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_precopy_unix_xbzrle(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .start_hook = test_migrate_xbzrle_start,
         .iterations = 2,
         /*
          * XBZRLE needs pages to be modified when doing the 2nd+ round
          * iteration to have real data pushed to the stream.
          */
         .live = true,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_file(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s", tmpfs,
                                            FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
     };

     test_file_common(&args, true);
 }

 #ifndef _WIN32
 static void fdset_add_fds(QTestState *qts, const char *file, int flags,
                           int num_fds, bool direct_io)
 {
     for (int i = 0; i < num_fds; i++) {
         int fd;

 #ifdef O_DIRECT
         /* only secondary channels can use direct-io */
         if (direct_io && i != 0) {
             flags |= O_DIRECT;
         }
 #endif

         fd = open(file, flags, 0660);
         assert(fd != -1);

         qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(qts, &fd, 1, "{'execute': 'add-fd', "
                                      "'arguments': {'fdset-id': 1}}");
         close(fd);
     }
 }

 static void *file_offset_fdset_start_hook(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     g_autofree char *file = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", tmpfs, FILE_TEST_FILENAME);

     fdset_add_fds(from, file, O_WRONLY, 1, false);
     fdset_add_fds(to, file, O_RDONLY, 1, false);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_precopy_file_offset_fdset(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:/dev/fdset/1,offset=%d",
                                            FILE_TEST_OFFSET);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = file_offset_fdset_start_hook,
     };

     test_file_common(&args, false);
 }
 #endif

 static void test_precopy_file_offset(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s,offset=%d", tmpfs,
                                            FILE_TEST_FILENAME,
                                            FILE_TEST_OFFSET);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
     };

     test_file_common(&args, false);
 }

 static void test_precopy_file_offset_bad(void)
 {
     /* using a value not supported by qemu_strtosz() */
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s,offset=0x20M",
                                            tmpfs, FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .result = MIG_TEST_QMP_ERROR,
     };

     test_file_common(&args, false);
 }

 static void *test_mode_reboot_start(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     migrate_set_parameter_str(from, "mode", "cpr-reboot");
     migrate_set_parameter_str(to, "mode", "cpr-reboot");

     migrate_set_capability(from, "x-ignore-shared", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "x-ignore-shared", true);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void *migrate_mapped_ram_start(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     migrate_set_capability(from, "mapped-ram", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "mapped-ram", true);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_mode_reboot(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s", tmpfs,
                                            FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start.use_shmem = true,
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_mode_reboot_start
     };

     test_file_common(&args, true);
 }

 static void test_precopy_file_mapped_ram_live(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s", tmpfs,
                                            FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = migrate_mapped_ram_start,
     };

     test_file_common(&args, false);
 }

 static void test_precopy_file_mapped_ram(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s", tmpfs,
                                            FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = migrate_mapped_ram_start,
     };

     test_file_common(&args, true);
 }

 static void *migrate_multifd_mapped_ram_start(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     migrate_mapped_ram_start(from, to);

     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "multifd-channels", 4);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(to, "multifd-channels", 4);

     migrate_set_capability(from, "multifd", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "multifd", true);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_multifd_file_mapped_ram_live(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s", tmpfs,
                                            FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = migrate_multifd_mapped_ram_start,
     };

     test_file_common(&args, false);
 }

 static void test_multifd_file_mapped_ram(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s", tmpfs,
                                            FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = migrate_multifd_mapped_ram_start,
     };

     test_file_common(&args, true);
 }

 static void *multifd_mapped_ram_dio_start(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     migrate_multifd_mapped_ram_start(from, to);

     migrate_set_parameter_bool(from, "direct-io", true);
     migrate_set_parameter_bool(to, "direct-io", true);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_multifd_file_mapped_ram_dio(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:%s/%s", tmpfs,
                                            FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = multifd_mapped_ram_dio_start,
     };

     if (!probe_o_direct_support(tmpfs)) {
         g_test_skip("Filesystem does not support O_DIRECT");
         return;
     }

     test_file_common(&args, true);
 }

 #ifndef _WIN32
 static void multifd_mapped_ram_fdset_end(QTestState *from, QTestState *to,
                                          void *opaque)
 {
     QDict *resp;
     QList *fdsets;

     /*
      * Remove the fdsets after migration, otherwise a second migration
      * would fail due fdset reuse.
      */
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(from, "{'execute': 'remove-fd', "
                              "'arguments': { 'fdset-id': 1}}");

     /*
      * Make sure no fdsets are left after migration, otherwise a
      * second migration would fail due fdset reuse.
      */
     resp = qtest_qmp(from, "{'execute': 'query-fdsets', "
                      "'arguments': {}}");
     g_assert(qdict_haskey(resp, "return"));
     fdsets = qdict_get_qlist(resp, "return");
     g_assert(fdsets && qlist_empty(fdsets));
 }

 static void *multifd_mapped_ram_fdset_dio(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     g_autofree char *file = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", tmpfs, FILE_TEST_FILENAME);

     fdset_add_fds(from, file, O_WRONLY, 2, true);
     fdset_add_fds(to, file, O_RDONLY, 2, true);

     migrate_multifd_mapped_ram_start(from, to);
     migrate_set_parameter_bool(from, "direct-io", true);
     migrate_set_parameter_bool(to, "direct-io", true);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void *multifd_mapped_ram_fdset(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     g_autofree char *file = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", tmpfs, FILE_TEST_FILENAME);

     fdset_add_fds(from, file, O_WRONLY, 2, false);
     fdset_add_fds(to, file, O_RDONLY, 2, false);

     migrate_multifd_mapped_ram_start(from, to);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_multifd_file_mapped_ram_fdset(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:/dev/fdset/1,offset=%d",
                                            FILE_TEST_OFFSET);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = multifd_mapped_ram_fdset,
         .finish_hook = multifd_mapped_ram_fdset_end,
     };

     test_file_common(&args, true);
 }

 static void test_multifd_file_mapped_ram_fdset_dio(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("file:/dev/fdset/1,offset=%d",
                                            FILE_TEST_OFFSET);
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .connect_uri = uri,
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = multifd_mapped_ram_fdset_dio,
         .finish_hook = multifd_mapped_ram_fdset_end,
     };

     if (!probe_o_direct_support(tmpfs)) {
         g_test_skip("Filesystem does not support O_DIRECT");
         return;
     }

     test_file_common(&args, true);
 }
 #endif /* !_WIN32 */

 static void test_precopy_tcp_plain(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void *test_migrate_switchover_ack_start(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {

     migrate_set_capability(from, "return-path", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "return-path", true);

     migrate_set_capability(from, "switchover-ack", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "switchover-ack", true);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_precopy_tcp_switchover_ack(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_switchover_ack_start,
         /*
          * Source VM must be running in order to consider the switchover ACK
          * when deciding to do switchover or not.
          */
         .live = true,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_psk_match(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_start_match,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_psk_mismatch(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_start_mismatch,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
         .result = MIG_TEST_FAIL,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_default_host(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_default_host,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_override_host(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_override_host,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_mismatch_host(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_mismatch_host,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
         .result = MIG_TEST_FAIL_DEST_QUIT_ERR,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_friendly_client(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_friendly_client,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_hostile_client(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_hostile_client,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
         .result = MIG_TEST_FAIL,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_allow_anon_client(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_allow_anon_client,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_reject_anon_client(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_start_reject_anon_client,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
         .result = MIG_TEST_FAIL,
     };

     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_GNUTLS */

 #ifndef _WIN32
 static void *test_migrate_fd_start_hook(QTestState *from,
                                         QTestState *to)
 {
     int ret;
     int pair[2];

     /* Create two connected sockets for migration */
     ret = qemu_socketpair(PF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0, pair);
     g_assert_cmpint(ret, ==, 0);

     /* Send the 1st socket to the target */
     qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(to, &pair[0], 1,
                                  "{ 'execute': 'getfd',"
                                  "  'arguments': { 'fdname': 'fd-mig' }}");
     close(pair[0]);

     /* Start incoming migration from the 1st socket */
     migrate_incoming_qmp(to, "fd:fd-mig", "{}");

     /* Send the 2nd socket to the target */
     qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(from, &pair[1], 1,
                                  "{ 'execute': 'getfd',"
                                  "  'arguments': { 'fdname': 'fd-mig' }}");
     close(pair[1]);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_migrate_fd_finish_hook(QTestState *from,
                                         QTestState *to,
                                         void *opaque)
 {
     QDict *rsp;
     const char *error_desc;

     /* Test closing fds */
     /* We assume, that QEMU removes named fd from its list,
      * so this should fail */
     rsp = qtest_qmp(from, "{ 'execute': 'closefd',"
                           "  'arguments': { 'fdname': 'fd-mig' }}");
     g_assert_true(qdict_haskey(rsp, "error"));
     error_desc = qdict_get_str(qdict_get_qdict(rsp, "error"), "desc");
     g_assert_cmpstr(error_desc, ==, "File descriptor named 'fd-mig' not found");
     qobject_unref(rsp);

     rsp = qtest_qmp(to, "{ 'execute': 'closefd',"
                         "  'arguments': { 'fdname': 'fd-mig' }}");
     g_assert_true(qdict_haskey(rsp, "error"));
     error_desc = qdict_get_str(qdict_get_qdict(rsp, "error"), "desc");
     g_assert_cmpstr(error_desc, ==, "File descriptor named 'fd-mig' not found");
     qobject_unref(rsp);
 }

 static void test_migrate_precopy_fd_socket(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .connect_uri = "fd:fd-mig",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_fd_start_hook,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_fd_finish_hook
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void *migrate_precopy_fd_file_start(QTestState *from, QTestState *to)
 {
     g_autofree char *file = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", tmpfs, FILE_TEST_FILENAME);
     int src_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR;
     int dst_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR;
     int fds[2];

     fds[0] = open(file, src_flags, 0660);
     assert(fds[0] != -1);

     fds[1] = open(file, dst_flags, 0660);
     assert(fds[1] != -1);


     qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(to, &fds[0], 1,
                                  "{ 'execute': 'getfd',"
                                  "  'arguments': { 'fdname': 'fd-mig' }}");

     qtest_qmp_fds_assert_success(from, &fds[1], 1,
                                  "{ 'execute': 'getfd',"
                                  "  'arguments': { 'fdname': 'fd-mig' }}");

     close(fds[0]);
     close(fds[1]);

     return NULL;
 }

 static void test_migrate_precopy_fd_file(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .connect_uri = "fd:fd-mig",
         .start_hook = migrate_precopy_fd_file_start,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_fd_finish_hook
     };
     test_file_common(&args, true);
 }
 #endif /* _WIN32 */

 static void do_test_validate_uuid(MigrateStart *args, bool should_fail)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     QTestState *from, *to;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, uri, args)) {
         return;
     }

     /*
      * UUID validation is at the begin of migration. So, the main process of
      * migration is not interesting for us here. Thus, set huge downtime for
      * very fast migration.
      */
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "downtime-limit", 1000000);
     migrate_set_capability(from, "validate-uuid", true);

     /* Wait for the first serial output from the source */
     wait_for_serial("src_serial");

     migrate_qmp(from, to, uri, NULL, "{}");

     if (should_fail) {
         qtest_set_expected_status(to, EXIT_FAILURE);
         wait_for_migration_fail(from, true);
     } else {
         wait_for_migration_complete(from);
     }

     test_migrate_end(from, to, false);
 }

 static void test_validate_uuid(void)
 {
     MigrateStart args = {
         .opts_source = "-uuid 11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
         .opts_target = "-uuid 11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
     };

     do_test_validate_uuid(&args, false);
 }

 static void test_validate_uuid_error(void)
 {
     MigrateStart args = {
         .opts_source = "-uuid 11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
         .opts_target = "-uuid 22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
         .hide_stderr = true,
     };

     do_test_validate_uuid(&args, true);
 }

 static void test_validate_uuid_src_not_set(void)
 {
     MigrateStart args = {
         .opts_target = "-uuid 22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222",
         .hide_stderr = true,
     };

     do_test_validate_uuid(&args, false);
 }

 static void test_validate_uuid_dst_not_set(void)
 {
     MigrateStart args = {
         .opts_source = "-uuid 11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111",
         .hide_stderr = true,
     };

     do_test_validate_uuid(&args, false);
 }

 static void do_test_validate_uri_channel(MigrateCommon *args)
 {
     QTestState *from, *to;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, args->listen_uri, &args->start)) {
         return;
     }

     /* Wait for the first serial output from the source */
     wait_for_serial("src_serial");

     /*
      * 'uri' and 'channels' validation is checked even before the migration
      * starts.
      */
     migrate_qmp_fail(from, args->connect_uri, args->connect_channels, "{}");
     test_migrate_end(from, to, false);
 }

 static void test_validate_uri_channels_both_set(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .connect_uri = "tcp:127.0.0.1:0",
         .connect_channels = "[ { 'channel-type': 'main',"
                             "    'addr': { 'transport': 'socket',"
                             "              'type': 'inet',"
                             "              'host': '127.0.0.1',"
                             "              'port': '0' } } ]",
     };

     do_test_validate_uri_channel(&args);
 }

 static void test_validate_uri_channels_none_set(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "defer",
     };

     do_test_validate_uri_channel(&args);
 }

 /*
  * The way auto_converge works, we need to do too many passes to
  * run this test.  Auto_converge logic is only run once every
  * three iterations, so:
  *
  * - 3 iterations without auto_converge enabled
  * - 3 iterations with pct = 5
  * - 3 iterations with pct = 30
  * - 3 iterations with pct = 55
  * - 3 iterations with pct = 80
  * - 3 iterations with pct = 95 (max(95, 80 + 25))
  *
  * To make things even worse, we need to run the initial stage at
  * 3MB/s so we enter autoconverge even when host is (over)loaded.
  */
 static void test_migrate_auto_converge(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     MigrateStart args = {};
     QTestState *from, *to;
     int64_t percentage;

     /*
      * We want the test to be stable and as fast as possible.
      * E.g., with 1Gb/s bandwidth migration may pass without throttling,
      * so we need to decrease a bandwidth.
      */
     const int64_t init_pct = 5, inc_pct = 25, max_pct = 95;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, uri, &args)) {
         return;
     }

     migrate_set_capability(from, "auto-converge", true);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "cpu-throttle-initial", init_pct);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "cpu-throttle-increment", inc_pct);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "max-cpu-throttle", max_pct);

     /*
      * Set the initial parameters so that the migration could not converge
      * without throttling.
      */
     migrate_ensure_non_converge(from);

     /* To check remaining size after precopy */
     migrate_set_capability(from, "pause-before-switchover", true);

     /* Wait for the first serial output from the source */
     wait_for_serial("src_serial");

     migrate_qmp(from, to, uri, NULL, "{}");

     /* Wait for throttling begins */
     percentage = 0;
     do {
         percentage = read_migrate_property_int(from, "cpu-throttle-percentage");
         if (percentage != 0) {
             break;
         }
         usleep(20);
         g_assert_false(src_state.stop_seen);
     } while (true);
     /* The first percentage of throttling should be at least init_pct */
     g_assert_cmpint(percentage, >=, init_pct);
     /* Now, when we tested that throttling works, let it converge */
     migrate_ensure_converge(from);

     /*
      * Wait for pre-switchover status to check last throttle percentage
      * and remaining. These values will be zeroed later
      */
     wait_for_migration_status(from, "pre-switchover", NULL);

     /* The final percentage of throttling shouldn't be greater than max_pct */
     percentage = read_migrate_property_int(from, "cpu-throttle-percentage");
     g_assert_cmpint(percentage, <=, max_pct);
     migrate_continue(from, "pre-switchover");

     qtest_qmp_eventwait(to, "RESUME");

     wait_for_serial("dest_serial");
     wait_for_migration_complete(from);

     test_migrate_end(from, to, true);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(QTestState *from,
                                               QTestState *to,
                                               const char *method)
 {
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "multifd-channels", 16);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(to, "multifd-channels", 16);

     migrate_set_parameter_str(from, "multifd-compression", method);
     migrate_set_parameter_str(to, "multifd-compression", method);

     migrate_set_capability(from, "multifd", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "multifd", true);

     /* Start incoming migration from the 1st socket */
     migrate_incoming_qmp(to, "tcp:127.0.0.1:0", "{}");

     return NULL;
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start(QTestState *from,
                                        QTestState *to)
 {
     return test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_zero_page_legacy(QTestState *from,
                                                         QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     migrate_set_parameter_str(from, "zero-page-detection", "legacy");
     return NULL;
 }

 static void *
 test_migration_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_no_zero_page(QTestState *from,
                                                       QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     migrate_set_parameter_str(from, "zero-page-detection", "none");
     return NULL;
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_zlib_start(QTestState *from,
                                             QTestState *to)
 {
     /*
      * Overloading this test to also check that set_parameter does not error.
      * This is also done in the tests for the other compression methods.
      */
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "multifd-zlib-level", 2);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(to, "multifd-zlib-level", 2);

     return test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "zlib");
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_ZSTD
 static void *
 test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_zstd_start(QTestState *from,
                                             QTestState *to)
 {
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "multifd-zstd-level", 2);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(to, "multifd-zstd-level", 2);

     return test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "zstd");
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_ZSTD */

 #ifdef CONFIG_QPL
 static void *
 test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_qpl_start(QTestState *from,
                                             QTestState *to)
 {
     return test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "qpl");
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_QPL */
 #ifdef CONFIG_UADK
 static void *
 test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_uadk_start(QTestState *from,
                                             QTestState *to)
 {
     return test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "uadk");
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_UADK */

 static void test_multifd_tcp_uri_none(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start,
         /*
          * Multifd is more complicated than most of the features, it
          * directly takes guest page buffers when sending, make sure
          * everything will work alright even if guest page is changing.
          */
         .live = true,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_zero_page_legacy(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_zero_page_legacy,
         /*
          * Multifd is more complicated than most of the features, it
          * directly takes guest page buffers when sending, make sure
          * everything will work alright even if guest page is changing.
          */
         .live = true,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_no_zero_page(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migration_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_no_zero_page,
         /*
          * Multifd is more complicated than most of the features, it
          * directly takes guest page buffers when sending, make sure
          * everything will work alright even if guest page is changing.
          */
         .live = true,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_channels_none(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start,
         .live = true,
         .connect_channels = "[ { 'channel-type': 'main',"
                             "    'addr': { 'transport': 'socket',"
                             "              'type': 'inet',"
                             "              'host': '127.0.0.1',"
                             "              'port': '0' } } ]",
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_zlib(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_zlib_start,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_ZSTD
 static void test_multifd_tcp_zstd(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_zstd_start,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }
 #endif

 #ifdef CONFIG_QPL
 static void test_multifd_tcp_qpl(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_qpl_start,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }
 #endif

 #ifdef CONFIG_UADK
 static void test_multifd_tcp_uadk(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_uadk_start,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }
 #endif

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
 static void *
 test_migrate_multifd_tcp_tls_psk_start_match(QTestState *from,
                                              QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     return test_migrate_tls_psk_start_match(from, to);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_multifd_tcp_tls_psk_start_mismatch(QTestState *from,
                                                 QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     return test_migrate_tls_psk_start_mismatch(from, to);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
 static void *
 test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_default_host(QTestState *from,
                                                  QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_default_host(from, to);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_override_host(QTestState *from,
                                                   QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_override_host(from, to);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_mismatch_host(QTestState *from,
                                                   QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_mismatch_host(from, to);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_allow_anon_client(QTestState *from,
                                                       QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_allow_anon_client(from, to);
 }

 static void *
 test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_reject_anon_client(QTestState *from,
                                                        QTestState *to)
 {
     test_migrate_precopy_tcp_multifd_start_common(from, to, "none");
     return test_migrate_tls_x509_start_reject_anon_client(from, to);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */

 static void test_multifd_tcp_tls_psk_match(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_multifd_tcp_tls_psk_start_match,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_tls_psk_mismatch(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_multifd_tcp_tls_psk_start_mismatch,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_psk_finish,
         .result = MIG_TEST_FAIL,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 #ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
 static void test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_default_host(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_default_host,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_override_host(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_override_host,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_mismatch_host(void)
 {
     /*
      * This has different behaviour to the non-multifd case.
      *
      * In non-multifd case when client aborts due to mismatched
      * cert host, the server has already started trying to load
      * migration state, and so it exits with I/O failure.
      *
      * In multifd case when client aborts due to mismatched
      * cert host, the server is still waiting for the other
      * multifd connections to arrive so hasn't started trying
      * to load migration state, and thus just aborts the migration
      * without exiting.
      */
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_mismatch_host,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
         .result = MIG_TEST_FAIL,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_allow_anon_client(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_allow_anon_client,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }

 static void test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_reject_anon_client(void)
 {
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = "defer",
         .start_hook = test_migrate_multifd_tls_x509_start_reject_anon_client,
         .finish_hook = test_migrate_tls_x509_finish,
         .result = MIG_TEST_FAIL,
     };
     test_precopy_common(&args);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_GNUTLS */

 /*
  * This test does:
  *  source               target
  *                       migrate_incoming
  *     migrate
  *     migrate_cancel
  *                       launch another target
  *     migrate
  *
  *  And see that it works
  */
 static void test_multifd_tcp_cancel(void)
 {
     MigrateStart args = {
         .hide_stderr = true,
     };
     QTestState *from, *to, *to2;

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, "defer", &args)) {
         return;
     }

     migrate_ensure_non_converge(from);
     migrate_prepare_for_dirty_mem(from);

     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "multifd-channels", 16);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(to, "multifd-channels", 16);

     migrate_set_capability(from, "multifd", true);
     migrate_set_capability(to, "multifd", true);

     /* Start incoming migration from the 1st socket */
     migrate_incoming_qmp(to, "tcp:127.0.0.1:0", "{}");

     /* Wait for the first serial output from the source */
     wait_for_serial("src_serial");

     migrate_qmp(from, to, NULL, NULL, "{}");

     migrate_wait_for_dirty_mem(from, to);

     migrate_cancel(from);

     /* Make sure QEMU process "to" exited */
     qtest_set_expected_status(to, EXIT_FAILURE);
     qtest_wait_qemu(to);

     args = (MigrateStart){
         .only_target = true,
     };

     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to2, "defer", &args)) {
         return;
     }

     migrate_set_parameter_int(to2, "multifd-channels", 16);

     migrate_set_capability(to2, "multifd", true);

     /* Start incoming migration from the 1st socket */
     migrate_incoming_qmp(to2, "tcp:127.0.0.1:0", "{}");

     wait_for_migration_status(from, "cancelled", NULL);

     migrate_ensure_non_converge(from);

     migrate_qmp(from, to2, NULL, NULL, "{}");

     migrate_wait_for_dirty_mem(from, to2);

     migrate_ensure_converge(from);

     wait_for_stop(from, &src_state);
     qtest_qmp_eventwait(to2, "RESUME");

     wait_for_serial("dest_serial");
     wait_for_migration_complete(from);
     test_migrate_end(from, to2, true);
 }

 static void calc_dirty_rate(QTestState *who, uint64_t calc_time)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who,
                              "{ 'execute': 'calc-dirty-rate',"
                              "'arguments': { "
                              "'calc-time': %" PRIu64 ","
                              "'mode': 'dirty-ring' }}",
                              calc_time);
 }

 static QDict *query_dirty_rate(QTestState *who)
 {
     return qtest_qmp_assert_success_ref(who,
                                         "{ 'execute': 'query-dirty-rate' }");
 }

 static void dirtylimit_set_all(QTestState *who, uint64_t dirtyrate)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who,
                              "{ 'execute': 'set-vcpu-dirty-limit',"
                              "'arguments': { "
                              "'dirty-rate': %" PRIu64 " } }",
                              dirtyrate);
 }

 static void cancel_vcpu_dirty_limit(QTestState *who)
 {
     qtest_qmp_assert_success(who,
                              "{ 'execute': 'cancel-vcpu-dirty-limit' }");
 }

 static QDict *query_vcpu_dirty_limit(QTestState *who)
 {
     QDict *rsp;

     rsp = qtest_qmp(who, "{ 'execute': 'query-vcpu-dirty-limit' }");
     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(rsp, "error"));
     g_assert(qdict_haskey(rsp, "return"));

     return rsp;
 }

 static bool calc_dirtyrate_ready(QTestState *who)
 {
     QDict *rsp_return;
     gchar *status;

     rsp_return = query_dirty_rate(who);
     g_assert(rsp_return);

     status = g_strdup(qdict_get_str(rsp_return, "status"));
     g_assert(status);

     return g_strcmp0(status, "measuring");
 }

 static void wait_for_calc_dirtyrate_complete(QTestState *who,
                                              int64_t time_s)
 {
     int max_try_count = 10000;
     usleep(time_s * 1000000);

     while (!calc_dirtyrate_ready(who) && max_try_count--) {
         usleep(1000);
     }

     /*
      * Set the timeout with 10 s(max_try_count * 1000us),
      * if dirtyrate measurement not complete, fail test.
      */
     g_assert_cmpint(max_try_count, !=, 0);
 }

 static int64_t get_dirty_rate(QTestState *who)
 {
     QDict *rsp_return;
     gchar *status;
     QList *rates;
     const QListEntry *entry;
     QDict *rate;
     int64_t dirtyrate;

     rsp_return = query_dirty_rate(who);
     g_assert(rsp_return);

     status = g_strdup(qdict_get_str(rsp_return, "status"));
     g_assert(status);
     g_assert_cmpstr(status, ==, "measured");

     rates = qdict_get_qlist(rsp_return, "vcpu-dirty-rate");
     g_assert(rates && !qlist_empty(rates));

     entry = qlist_first(rates);
     g_assert(entry);

     rate = qobject_to(QDict, qlist_entry_obj(entry));
     g_assert(rate);

     dirtyrate = qdict_get_try_int(rate, "dirty-rate", -1);

     qobject_unref(rsp_return);
     return dirtyrate;
 }

 static int64_t get_limit_rate(QTestState *who)
 {
     QDict *rsp_return;
     QList *rates;
     const QListEntry *entry;
     QDict *rate;
     int64_t dirtyrate;

     rsp_return = query_vcpu_dirty_limit(who);
     g_assert(rsp_return);

     rates = qdict_get_qlist(rsp_return, "return");
     g_assert(rates && !qlist_empty(rates));

     entry = qlist_first(rates);
     g_assert(entry);

     rate = qobject_to(QDict, qlist_entry_obj(entry));
     g_assert(rate);

     dirtyrate = qdict_get_try_int(rate, "limit-rate", -1);

     qobject_unref(rsp_return);
     return dirtyrate;
 }

 static QTestState *dirtylimit_start_vm(void)
 {
     QTestState *vm = NULL;
     g_autofree gchar *cmd = NULL;

     bootfile_create(tmpfs, false);
     cmd = g_strdup_printf("-accel kvm,dirty-ring-size=4096 "
                           "-name dirtylimit-test,debug-threads=on "
                           "-m 150M -smp 1 "
                           "-serial file:%s/vm_serial "
                           "-drive file=%s,format=raw ",
                           tmpfs, bootpath);

     vm = qtest_init(cmd);
     return vm;
 }

 static void dirtylimit_stop_vm(QTestState *vm)
 {
     qtest_quit(vm);
     cleanup("vm_serial");
 }

 static void test_vcpu_dirty_limit(void)
 {
     QTestState *vm;
     int64_t origin_rate;
     int64_t quota_rate;
     int64_t rate ;
     int max_try_count = 20;
     int hit = 0;

     /* Start vm for vcpu dirtylimit test */
     vm = dirtylimit_start_vm();

     /* Wait for the first serial output from the vm*/
     wait_for_serial("vm_serial");

     /* Do dirtyrate measurement with calc time equals 1s */
     calc_dirty_rate(vm, 1);

     /* Sleep calc time and wait for calc dirtyrate complete */
     wait_for_calc_dirtyrate_complete(vm, 1);

     /* Query original dirty page rate */
     origin_rate = get_dirty_rate(vm);

     /* VM booted from bootsect should dirty memory steadily */
     assert(origin_rate != 0);

     /* Setup quota dirty page rate at half of origin */
     quota_rate = origin_rate / 2;

     /* Set dirtylimit */
     dirtylimit_set_all(vm, quota_rate);

     /*
      * Check if set-vcpu-dirty-limit and query-vcpu-dirty-limit
      * works literally
      */
     g_assert_cmpint(quota_rate, ==, get_limit_rate(vm));

     /* Sleep a bit to check if it take effect */
     usleep(2000000);

     /*
      * Check if dirtylimit take effect realistically, set the
      * timeout with 20 s(max_try_count * 1s), if dirtylimit
      * doesn't take effect, fail test.
      */
     while (--max_try_count) {
         calc_dirty_rate(vm, 1);
         wait_for_calc_dirtyrate_complete(vm, 1);
         rate = get_dirty_rate(vm);

         /*
          * Assume hitting if current rate is less
          * than quota rate (within accepting error)
          */
         if (rate < (quota_rate + DIRTYLIMIT_TOLERANCE_RANGE)) {
             hit = 1;
             break;
         }
     }

     g_assert_cmpint(hit, ==, 1);

     hit = 0;
     max_try_count = 20;

     /* Check if dirtylimit cancellation take effect */
     cancel_vcpu_dirty_limit(vm);
     while (--max_try_count) {
         calc_dirty_rate(vm, 1);
         wait_for_calc_dirtyrate_complete(vm, 1);
         rate = get_dirty_rate(vm);

         /*
          * Assume dirtylimit be canceled if current rate is
          * greater than quota rate (within accepting error)
          */
         if (rate > (quota_rate + DIRTYLIMIT_TOLERANCE_RANGE)) {
             hit = 1;
             break;
         }
     }

     g_assert_cmpint(hit, ==, 1);
     dirtylimit_stop_vm(vm);
 }

 static void migrate_dirty_limit_wait_showup(QTestState *from,
                                             const int64_t period,
                                             const int64_t value)
 {
     /* Enable dirty limit capability */
     migrate_set_capability(from, "dirty-limit", true);

     /* Set dirty limit parameters */
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "x-vcpu-dirty-limit-period", period);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "vcpu-dirty-limit", value);

     /* Make sure migrate can't converge */
     migrate_ensure_non_converge(from);

     /* To check limit rate after precopy */
     migrate_set_capability(from, "pause-before-switchover", true);

     /* Wait for the serial output from the source */
     wait_for_serial("src_serial");
 }

 /*
  * This test does:
  *  source                          destination
  *  start vm
  *                                  start incoming vm
  *  migrate
  *  wait dirty limit to begin
  *  cancel migrate
  *  cancellation check
  *                                  restart incoming vm
  *  migrate
  *  wait dirty limit to begin
  *  wait pre-switchover event
  *  convergence condition check
  *
  * And see if dirty limit migration works correctly.
  * This test case involves many passes, so it runs in slow mode only.
  */
 static void test_migrate_dirty_limit(void)
 {
     g_autofree char *uri = g_strdup_printf("unix:%s/migsocket", tmpfs);
     QTestState *from, *to;
     int64_t remaining;
     uint64_t throttle_us_per_full;
     /*
      * We want the test to be stable and as fast as possible.
      * E.g., with 1Gb/s bandwidth migration may pass without dirty limit,
      * so we need to decrease a bandwidth.
      */
     const int64_t dirtylimit_period = 1000, dirtylimit_value = 50;
     const int64_t max_bandwidth = 400000000; /* ~400Mb/s */
     const int64_t downtime_limit = 250; /* 250ms */
     /*
      * We migrate through unix-socket (> 500Mb/s).
      * Thus, expected migration speed ~= bandwidth limit (< 500Mb/s).
      * So, we can predict expected_threshold
      */
     const int64_t expected_threshold = max_bandwidth * downtime_limit / 1000;
     int max_try_count = 10;
     MigrateCommon args = {
         .start = {
             .hide_stderr = true,
             .use_dirty_ring = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .connect_uri = uri,
     };

     /* Start src, dst vm */
     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, args.listen_uri, &args.start)) {
         return;
     }

     /* Prepare for dirty limit migration and wait src vm show up */
     migrate_dirty_limit_wait_showup(from, dirtylimit_period, dirtylimit_value);

     /* Start migrate */
     migrate_qmp(from, to, args.connect_uri, NULL, "{}");

     /* Wait for dirty limit throttle begin */
     throttle_us_per_full = 0;
     while (throttle_us_per_full == 0) {
         throttle_us_per_full =
         read_migrate_property_int(from, "dirty-limit-throttle-time-per-round");
         usleep(100);
         g_assert_false(src_state.stop_seen);
     }

     /* Now cancel migrate and wait for dirty limit throttle switch off */
     migrate_cancel(from);
     wait_for_migration_status(from, "cancelled", NULL);

     /* Check if dirty limit throttle switched off, set timeout 1ms */
     do {
         throttle_us_per_full =
         read_migrate_property_int(from, "dirty-limit-throttle-time-per-round");
         usleep(100);
         g_assert_false(src_state.stop_seen);
     } while (throttle_us_per_full != 0 && --max_try_count);

     /* Assert dirty limit is not in service */
     g_assert_cmpint(throttle_us_per_full, ==, 0);

     args = (MigrateCommon) {
         .start = {
             .only_target = true,
             .use_dirty_ring = true,
         },
         .listen_uri = uri,
         .connect_uri = uri,
     };

     /* Restart dst vm, src vm already show up so we needn't wait anymore */
     if (test_migrate_start(&from, &to, args.listen_uri, &args.start)) {
         return;
     }

     /* Start migrate */
     migrate_qmp(from, to, args.connect_uri, NULL, "{}");

     /* Wait for dirty limit throttle begin */
     throttle_us_per_full = 0;
     while (throttle_us_per_full == 0) {
         throttle_us_per_full =
         read_migrate_property_int(from, "dirty-limit-throttle-time-per-round");
         usleep(100);
         g_assert_false(src_state.stop_seen);
     }

     /*
      * The dirty limit rate should equals the return value of
      * query-vcpu-dirty-limit if dirty limit cap set
      */
     g_assert_cmpint(dirtylimit_value, ==, get_limit_rate(from));

     /* Now, we have tested if dirty limit works, let it converge */
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "downtime-limit", downtime_limit);
     migrate_set_parameter_int(from, "max-bandwidth", max_bandwidth);

     /*
      * Wait for pre-switchover status to check if migration
      * satisfy the convergence condition
      */
     wait_for_migration_status(from, "pre-switchover", NULL);

     remaining = read_ram_property_int(from, "remaining");
     g_assert_cmpint(remaining, <,
                     (expected_threshold + expected_threshold / 100));

     migrate_continue(from, "pre-switchover");

     qtest_qmp_eventwait(to, "RESUME");

     wait_for_serial("dest_serial");
     wait_for_migration_complete(from);

     test_migrate_end(from, to, true);
 }

 static bool kvm_dirty_ring_supported(void)
 {
 #if defined(__linux__) && defined(HOST_X86_64)
     int ret, kvm_fd = open("/dev/kvm", O_RDONLY);

     if (kvm_fd < 0) {
         return false;
     }

     ret = ioctl(kvm_fd, KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION, KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING);
     close(kvm_fd);

     /* We test with 4096 slots */
     if (ret < 4096) {
         return false;
     }

     return true;
 #else
     return false;
 #endif
 }

 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     bool has_kvm, has_tcg;
     bool has_uffd, is_x86;
     const char *arch;
     g_autoptr(GError) err = NULL;
     const char *qemu_src = getenv(QEMU_ENV_SRC);
     const char *qemu_dst = getenv(QEMU_ENV_DST);
     int ret;

     g_test_init(&argc, &argv, NULL);

     /*
      * The default QTEST_QEMU_BINARY must always be provided because
      * that is what helpers use to query the accel type and
      * architecture.
      */
     if (qemu_src && qemu_dst) {
         g_test_message("Only one of %s, %s is allowed",
                        QEMU_ENV_SRC, QEMU_ENV_DST);
         exit(1);
     }

     has_kvm = qtest_has_accel("kvm");
     has_tcg = qtest_has_accel("tcg");

     if (!has_tcg && !has_kvm) {
         g_test_skip("No KVM or TCG accelerator available");
         return 0;
     }

     has_uffd = ufd_version_check();
     arch = qtest_get_arch();
     is_x86 = !strcmp(arch, "i386") || !strcmp(arch, "x86_64");

     tmpfs = g_dir_make_tmp("migration-test-XXXXXX", &err);
     if (!tmpfs) {
         g_test_message("Can't create temporary directory in %s: %s",
                        g_get_tmp_dir(), err->message);
     }
     g_assert(tmpfs);

     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);

     migration_test_add("/migration/bad_dest", test_baddest);
 #ifndef _WIN32
     migration_test_add("/migration/analyze-script", test_analyze_script);
 #endif

     if (is_x86) {
         migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/unix/suspend/live",
                            test_precopy_unix_suspend_live);
         migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/unix/suspend/notlive",
                            test_precopy_unix_suspend_notlive);
     }

     if (has_uffd) {
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/plain", test_postcopy);
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/recovery/plain",
                            test_postcopy_recovery);
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/preempt/plain",
                            test_postcopy_preempt);
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/preempt/recovery/plain",
                            test_postcopy_preempt_recovery);
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/recovery/double-failures/handshake",
                            test_postcopy_recovery_fail_handshake);
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/recovery/double-failures/reconnect",
                            test_postcopy_recovery_fail_reconnect);
         if (is_x86) {
             migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/suspend",
                                test_postcopy_suspend);
         }
     }

     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/unix/plain",
                        test_precopy_unix_plain);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/unix/xbzrle",
                        test_precopy_unix_xbzrle);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/file",
                        test_precopy_file);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/file/offset",
                        test_precopy_file_offset);
 #ifndef _WIN32
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/file/offset/fdset",
                        test_precopy_file_offset_fdset);
 #endif
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/file/offset/bad",
                        test_precopy_file_offset_bad);

     /*
      * Our CI system has problems with shared memory.
      * Don't run this test until we find a workaround.
      */
     if (getenv("QEMU_TEST_FLAKY_TESTS")) {
         migration_test_add("/migration/mode/reboot", test_mode_reboot);
     }

     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/file/mapped-ram",
                        test_precopy_file_mapped_ram);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/file/mapped-ram/live",
                        test_precopy_file_mapped_ram_live);

     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/file/mapped-ram",
                        test_multifd_file_mapped_ram);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/file/mapped-ram/live",
                        test_multifd_file_mapped_ram_live);

     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/file/mapped-ram/dio",
                        test_multifd_file_mapped_ram_dio);

 #ifndef _WIN32
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/file/mapped-ram/fdset",
                        test_multifd_file_mapped_ram_fdset);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/file/mapped-ram/fdset/dio",
                        test_multifd_file_mapped_ram_fdset_dio);
 #endif

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/unix/tls/psk",
                        test_precopy_unix_tls_psk);

     if (has_uffd) {
         /*
          * NOTE: psk test is enough for postcopy, as other types of TLS
          * channels are tested under precopy.  Here what we want to test is the
          * general postcopy path that has TLS channel enabled.
          */
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/tls/psk",
                            test_postcopy_tls_psk);
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/recovery/tls/psk",
                            test_postcopy_recovery_tls_psk);
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/preempt/tls/psk",
                            test_postcopy_preempt_tls_psk);
         migration_test_add("/migration/postcopy/preempt/recovery/tls/psk",
                            test_postcopy_preempt_all);
     }
 #ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/unix/tls/x509/default-host",
                        test_precopy_unix_tls_x509_default_host);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/unix/tls/x509/override-host",
                        test_precopy_unix_tls_x509_override_host);
 #endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_GNUTLS */

     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/plain", test_precopy_tcp_plain);

     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/plain/switchover-ack",
                        test_precopy_tcp_switchover_ack);

 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/psk/match",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_psk_match);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/psk/mismatch",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_psk_mismatch);
 #ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/x509/default-host",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_default_host);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/x509/override-host",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_override_host);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/x509/mismatch-host",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_mismatch_host);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/x509/friendly-client",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_friendly_client);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/x509/hostile-client",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_hostile_client);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/x509/allow-anon-client",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_allow_anon_client);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/tcp/tls/x509/reject-anon-client",
                        test_precopy_tcp_tls_x509_reject_anon_client);
 #endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_GNUTLS */

     /* migration_test_add("/migration/ignore_shared", test_ignore_shared); */
 #ifndef _WIN32
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/fd/tcp",
                        test_migrate_precopy_fd_socket);
     migration_test_add("/migration/precopy/fd/file",
                        test_migrate_precopy_fd_file);
 #endif
     migration_test_add("/migration/validate_uuid", test_validate_uuid);
     migration_test_add("/migration/validate_uuid_error",
                        test_validate_uuid_error);
     migration_test_add("/migration/validate_uuid_src_not_set",
                        test_validate_uuid_src_not_set);
     migration_test_add("/migration/validate_uuid_dst_not_set",
                        test_validate_uuid_dst_not_set);
     migration_test_add("/migration/validate_uri/channels/both_set",
                        test_validate_uri_channels_both_set);
     migration_test_add("/migration/validate_uri/channels/none_set",
                        test_validate_uri_channels_none_set);
     /*
      * See explanation why this test is slow on function definition
      */
     if (g_test_slow()) {
         migration_test_add("/migration/auto_converge",
                            test_migrate_auto_converge);
         if (g_str_equal(arch, "x86_64") &&
             has_kvm && kvm_dirty_ring_supported()) {
             migration_test_add("/migration/dirty_limit",
                                test_migrate_dirty_limit);
         }
     }
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/uri/plain/none",
                        test_multifd_tcp_uri_none);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/channels/plain/none",
                        test_multifd_tcp_channels_none);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/plain/zero-page/legacy",
                        test_multifd_tcp_zero_page_legacy);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/plain/zero-page/none",
                        test_multifd_tcp_no_zero_page);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/plain/cancel",
                        test_multifd_tcp_cancel);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/plain/zlib",
                        test_multifd_tcp_zlib);
 #ifdef CONFIG_ZSTD
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/plain/zstd",
                        test_multifd_tcp_zstd);
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_QPL
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/plain/qpl",
                        test_multifd_tcp_qpl);
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_UADK
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/plain/uadk",
                        test_multifd_tcp_uadk);
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_GNUTLS
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/tls/psk/match",
                        test_multifd_tcp_tls_psk_match);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/tls/psk/mismatch",
                        test_multifd_tcp_tls_psk_mismatch);
 #ifdef CONFIG_TASN1
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/tls/x509/default-host",
                        test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_default_host);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/tls/x509/override-host",
                        test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_override_host);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/tls/x509/mismatch-host",
                        test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_mismatch_host);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/tls/x509/allow-anon-client",
                        test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_allow_anon_client);
     migration_test_add("/migration/multifd/tcp/tls/x509/reject-anon-client",
                        test_multifd_tcp_tls_x509_reject_anon_client);
 #endif /* CONFIG_TASN1 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_GNUTLS */

     if (g_str_equal(arch, "x86_64") && has_kvm && kvm_dirty_ring_supported()) {
         migration_test_add("/migration/dirty_ring",
                            test_precopy_unix_dirty_ring);
         migration_test_add("/migration/vcpu_dirty_limit",
                            test_vcpu_dirty_limit);
     }

     ret = g_test_run();

     g_assert_cmpint(ret, ==, 0);

     bootfile_delete();
     ret = rmdir(tmpfs);
     if (ret != 0) {
         g_test_message("unable to rmdir: path (%s): %s",
                        tmpfs, strerror(errno));
     }
     g_free(tmpfs);

     return ret;
 }