docs/config/mach-virt-serial.cfg - qemu - Git at Google

 # mach-virt - VirtIO guest (serial console)
 # =========================================================
 #
 # Usage:
 #
 #   $ qemu-system-aarch64 \
 #     -nodefaults \
 #     -readconfig mach-virt-serial.cfg \
 #     -display none -serial mon:stdio \
 #     -cpu host
 #
 # You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
 # CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
 #
 # The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
 # tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
 # and will be accessed through the serial console.
 #
 # ---------------------------------------------------------
 #
 # Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
 # the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
 # populate the board with only the builtin peripherals,
 # such as the PL011 UART, plus a PCI Express Root Bus; the
 # user will then have to explicitly add further devices.
 #
 # The PCI Express Root Bus shows up in the guest as:
 #
 #   00:00.0 Host bridge
 #
 # This configuration file adds a number of other useful
 # devices, more specifically:
 #
 #   00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
 #   01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
 #   02:00.0 Ethernet controller
 #
 # More information about these devices is available below.
 #
 # We use '-display none' to prevent QEMU from creating a
 # graphical display window, which would serve no use in
 # this specific configuration, and '-serial mon:stdio' to
 # multiplex the guest's serial console and the QEMU monitor
 # to the host's stdio; use 'Ctrl+A h' to learn how to
 # switch between the two and more.


 # Machine options
 # =========================================================
 #
 # We use the virt machine type and enable KVM acceleration
 # for better performance.
 #
 # Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
 # yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
 # to obscure boot issues in some cases.
 #
 # Unfortunately, there is no way to configure the CPU model
 # in this file, so it will have to be provided on the
 # command line, but we can configure the guest to use the
 # same GIC version as the host.

 [machine]
   type = "virt"
   accel = "kvm"
   gic-version = "host"

 [memory]
   size = "1024"


 # Firmware configuration
 # =========================================================
 #
 # There are two parts to the firmware: a read-only image
 # containing the executable code, which is shared between
 # guests, and a read/write variable store that is owned
 # by one specific guest, exclusively, and is used to
 # record information such as the UEFI boot order.
 #
 # For any new guest, its permanent, private variable store
 # should initially be copied from the template file
 # provided along with the firmware binary.
 #
 # Depending on the OS distribution you're using on the
 # host, the name of the package containing the firmware
 # binary and variable store template, as well as the paths
 # to the files themselves, will be different. For example:
 #
 # Fedora
 #   edk2-aarch64                                      (pkg)
 #   /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/QEMU_EFI-pflash.raw       (bin)
 #   /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/vars-template-pflash.raw  (var)
 #
 # RHEL
 #   AAVMF                                             (pkg)
 #   /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd                    (bin)
 #   /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd                    (var)
 #
 # Debian/Ubuntu
 #   qemu-efi                                          (pkg)
 #   /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd                    (bin)
 #   /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd                    (var)

 [drive "uefi-binary"]
   file = "/usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd"       # CHANGE ME
   format = "raw"
   if = "pflash"
   unit = "0"
   readonly = "on"

 [drive "uefi-varstore"]
   file = "guest_VARS.fd"                        # CHANGE ME
   format = "raw"
   if = "pflash"
   unit = "1"


 # PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
 # =========================================================
 #
 # We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
 # all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
 # them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
 # available for hotplug.

 [device "pcie.1"]
   driver = "pcie-root-port"
   bus = "pcie.0"
   addr = "1c.0"
   port = "1"
   chassis = "1"
   multifunction = "on"

 [device "pcie.2"]
   driver = "pcie-root-port"
   bus = "pcie.0"
   addr = "1c.1"
   port = "2"
   chassis = "2"

 [device "pcie.3"]
   driver = "pcie-root-port"
   bus = "pcie.0"
   addr = "1c.2"
   port = "3"
   chassis = "3"

 [device "pcie.4"]
   driver = "pcie-root-port"
   bus = "pcie.0"
   addr = "1c.3"
   port = "4"
   chassis = "4"

 [device "pcie.5"]
   driver = "pcie-root-port"
   bus = "pcie.0"
   addr = "1c.4"
   port = "5"
   chassis = "5"

 [device "pcie.6"]
   driver = "pcie-root-port"
   bus = "pcie.0"
   addr = "1c.5"
   port = "6"
   chassis = "6"

 [device "pcie.7"]
   driver = "pcie-root-port"
   bus = "pcie.0"
   addr = "1c.6"
   port = "7"
   chassis = "7"

 [device "pcie.8"]
   driver = "pcie-root-port"
   bus = "pcie.0"
   addr = "1c.7"
   port = "8"
   chassis = "8"


 # SCSI storage controller (and storage)
 # =========================================================
 #
 # We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
 # number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
 # backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
 # attached to it.
 #
 # We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
 # purposes: once the guest OS has been successfully
 # installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
 # media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
 # optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
 # all relevant sections below.

 [device "scsi"]
   driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
   bus = "pcie.1"
   addr = "00.0"

 [device "scsi-disk"]
   driver = "scsi-hd"
   bus = "scsi.0"
   drive = "disk"
   bootindex = "1"

 [drive "disk"]
   file = "guest.qcow2"                          # CHANGE ME
   format = "qcow2"
   if = "none"

 [device "scsi-optical-disk"]
   driver = "scsi-cd"
   bus = "scsi.0"
   drive = "optical-disk"
   bootindex = "2"

 [drive "optical-disk"]
   file = "install.iso"                          # CHANGE ME
   format = "raw"
   if = "none"


 # Ethernet controller
 # =========================================================
 #
 # We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
 # hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
 # networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
 # additional privileges.

 [netdev "hostnet"]
   type = "user"

 [device "net"]
   driver = "virtio-net-pci"
   netdev = "hostnet"
   bus = "pcie.2"
   addr = "00.0"
	# mach-virt - VirtIO guest (serial console)
	# =========================================================
	#
	# Usage:
	#
	# $ qemu-system-aarch64 \
	# -nodefaults \
	# -readconfig mach-virt-serial.cfg \
	# -display none -serial mon:stdio \
	# -cpu host
	#
	# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
	# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
	#
	# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
	# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
	# and will be accessed through the serial console.
	#
	# ---------------------------------------------------------
	#
	# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
	# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
	# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals,
	# such as the PL011 UART, plus a PCI Express Root Bus; the
	# user will then have to explicitly add further devices.
	#
	# The PCI Express Root Bus shows up in the guest as:
	#
	# 00:00.0 Host bridge
	#
	# This configuration file adds a number of other useful
	# devices, more specifically:
	#
	# 00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
	# 01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
	# 02:00.0 Ethernet controller
	#
	# More information about these devices is available below.
	#
	# We use '-display none' to prevent QEMU from creating a
	# graphical display window, which would serve no use in
	# this specific configuration, and '-serial mon:stdio' to
	# multiplex the guest's serial console and the QEMU monitor
	# to the host's stdio; use 'Ctrl+A h' to learn how to
	# switch between the two and more.


	# Machine options
	# =========================================================
	#
	# We use the virt machine type and enable KVM acceleration
	# for better performance.
	#
	# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
	# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
	# to obscure boot issues in some cases.
	#
	# Unfortunately, there is no way to configure the CPU model
	# in this file, so it will have to be provided on the
	# command line, but we can configure the guest to use the
	# same GIC version as the host.

	[machine]
	type = "virt"
	accel = "kvm"
	gic-version = "host"

	[memory]
	size = "1024"


	# Firmware configuration
	# =========================================================
	#
	# There are two parts to the firmware: a read-only image
	# containing the executable code, which is shared between
	# guests, and a read/write variable store that is owned
	# by one specific guest, exclusively, and is used to
	# record information such as the UEFI boot order.
	#
	# For any new guest, its permanent, private variable store
	# should initially be copied from the template file
	# provided along with the firmware binary.
	#
	# Depending on the OS distribution you're using on the
	# host, the name of the package containing the firmware
	# binary and variable store template, as well as the paths
	# to the files themselves, will be different. For example:
	#
	# Fedora
	# edk2-aarch64 (pkg)
	# /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/QEMU_EFI-pflash.raw (bin)
	# /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/vars-template-pflash.raw (var)
	#
	# RHEL
	# AAVMF (pkg)
	# /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd (bin)
	# /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd (var)
	#
	# Debian/Ubuntu
	# qemu-efi (pkg)
	# /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd (bin)
	# /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd (var)

	[drive "uefi-binary"]
	file = "/usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd" # CHANGE ME
	format = "raw"
	if = "pflash"
	unit = "0"
	readonly = "on"

	[drive "uefi-varstore"]
	file = "guest_VARS.fd" # CHANGE ME
	format = "raw"
	if = "pflash"
	unit = "1"


	# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
	# =========================================================
	#
	# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
	# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
	# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
	# available for hotplug.

	[device "pcie.1"]
	driver = "pcie-root-port"
	bus = "pcie.0"
	addr = "1c.0"
	port = "1"
	chassis = "1"
	multifunction = "on"

	[device "pcie.2"]
	driver = "pcie-root-port"
	bus = "pcie.0"
	addr = "1c.1"
	port = "2"
	chassis = "2"

	[device "pcie.3"]
	driver = "pcie-root-port"
	bus = "pcie.0"
	addr = "1c.2"
	port = "3"
	chassis = "3"

	[device "pcie.4"]
	driver = "pcie-root-port"
	bus = "pcie.0"
	addr = "1c.3"
	port = "4"
	chassis = "4"

	[device "pcie.5"]
	driver = "pcie-root-port"
	bus = "pcie.0"
	addr = "1c.4"
	port = "5"
	chassis = "5"

	[device "pcie.6"]
	driver = "pcie-root-port"
	bus = "pcie.0"
	addr = "1c.5"
	port = "6"
	chassis = "6"

	[device "pcie.7"]
	driver = "pcie-root-port"
	bus = "pcie.0"
	addr = "1c.6"
	port = "7"
	chassis = "7"

	[device "pcie.8"]
	driver = "pcie-root-port"
	bus = "pcie.0"
	addr = "1c.7"
	port = "8"
	chassis = "8"


	# SCSI storage controller (and storage)
	# =========================================================
	#
	# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
	# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
	# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
	# attached to it.
	#
	# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
	# purposes: once the guest OS has been successfully
	# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
	# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
	# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
	# all relevant sections below.

	[device "scsi"]
	driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
	bus = "pcie.1"
	addr = "00.0"

	[device "scsi-disk"]
	driver = "scsi-hd"
	bus = "scsi.0"
	drive = "disk"
	bootindex = "1"

	[drive "disk"]
	file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME
	format = "qcow2"
	if = "none"

	[device "scsi-optical-disk"]
	driver = "scsi-cd"
	bus = "scsi.0"
	drive = "optical-disk"
	bootindex = "2"

	[drive "optical-disk"]
	file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME
	format = "raw"
	if = "none"


	# Ethernet controller
	# =========================================================
	#
	# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
	# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
	# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
	# additional privileges.

	[netdev "hostnet"]
	type = "user"

	[device "net"]
	driver = "virtio-net-pci"
	netdev = "hostnet"
	bus = "pcie.2"
	addr = "00.0"