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qemu / qemu / a648c137383d84bc4f95696e5293978d9541a26e / . / qemu-img.c
blob: 2edb139073869df728954aa7ca4c0bf74d893cba [file] [log] [blame]
/*
* QEMU disk image utility
*
* Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qapi-visit.h"
#include "qapi/qmp-output-visitor.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
#include "qemu-common.h"
#include "qemu/config-file.h"
#include "qemu/option.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "block/block_int.h"
#include "block/blockjob.h"
#include "block/qapi.h"
#include <getopt.h>
#define QEMU_IMG_VERSION "qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION QEMU_PKGVERSION \
", Copyright (c) 2004-2008 Fabrice Bellard\n"
typedef struct img_cmd_t {
const char *name;
int (*handler)(int argc, char **argv);
} img_cmd_t;
enum {
OPTION_OUTPUT = 256,
OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN = 257,
OPTION_OBJECT = 258,
OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 259,
};
typedef enum OutputFormat {
OFORMAT_JSON,
OFORMAT_HUMAN,
} OutputFormat;
/* Default to cache=writeback as data integrity is not important for qemu-tcg. */
#define BDRV_O_FLAGS BDRV_O_CACHE_WB
#define BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE "writeback"
static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
{
printf(" %s", name);
}
static void QEMU_NORETURN GCC_FMT_ATTR(1, 2) error_exit(const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list ap;
error_printf("qemu-img: ");
va_start(ap, fmt);
error_vprintf(fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
error_printf("\nTry 'qemu-img --help' for more information\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Please keep in synch with qemu-img.texi */
static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
{
const char *help_msg =
QEMU_IMG_VERSION
"usage: qemu-img command [command options]\n"
"QEMU disk image utility\n"
"\n"
"Command syntax:\n"
#define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
" " arg_string "\n"
#include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
#undef DEF
#undef GEN_DOCS
"\n"
"Command parameters:\n"
" 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
" 'objectdef' is a QEMU user creatable object definition. See the qemu(1)\n"
" manual page for a description of the object properties. The most common\n"
" object type is a 'secret', which is used to supply passwords and/or\n"
" encryption keys.\n"
" 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
" 'cache' is the cache mode used to write the output disk image, the valid\n"
" options are: 'none', 'writeback' (default, except for convert), 'writethrough',\n"
" 'directsync' and 'unsafe' (default for convert)\n"
" 'src_cache' is the cache mode used to read input disk images, the valid\n"
" options are the same as for the 'cache' option\n"
" 'size' is the disk image size in bytes. Optional suffixes\n"
" 'k' or 'K' (kilobyte, 1024), 'M' (megabyte, 1024k), 'G' (gigabyte, 1024M),\n"
" 'T' (terabyte, 1024G), 'P' (petabyte, 1024T) and 'E' (exabyte, 1024P) are\n"
" supported. 'b' is ignored.\n"
" 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
" 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
" 'options' is a comma separated list of format specific options in a\n"
" name=value format. Use -o ? for an overview of the options supported by the\n"
" used format\n"
" 'snapshot_param' is param used for internal snapshot, format\n"
" is 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
" '[ID_OR_NAME]'\n"
" 'snapshot_id_or_name' is deprecated, use 'snapshot_param'\n"
" instead\n"
" '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
" '-u' enables unsafe rebasing. It is assumed that old and new backing file\n"
" match exactly. The image doesn't need a working backing file before\n"
" rebasing in this case (useful for renaming the backing file)\n"
" '-h' with or without a command shows this help and lists the supported formats\n"
" '-p' show progress of command (only certain commands)\n"
" '-q' use Quiet mode - do not print any output (except errors)\n"
" '-S' indicates the consecutive number of bytes (defaults to 4k) that must\n"
" contain only zeros for qemu-img to create a sparse image during\n"
" conversion. If the number of bytes is 0, the source will not be scanned for\n"
" unallocated or zero sectors, and the destination image will always be\n"
" fully allocated\n"
" '--output' takes the format in which the output must be done (human or json)\n"
" '-n' skips the target volume creation (useful if the volume is created\n"
" prior to running qemu-img)\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to check subcommand:\n"
" '-r' tries to repair any inconsistencies that are found during the check.\n"
" '-r leaks' repairs only cluster leaks, whereas '-r all' fixes all\n"
" kinds of errors, with a higher risk of choosing the wrong fix or\n"
" hiding corruption that has already occurred.\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to snapshot subcommand:\n"
" 'snapshot' is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete\n"
" '-a' applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)\n"
" '-c' creates a snapshot\n"
" '-d' deletes a snapshot\n"
" '-l' lists all snapshots in the given image\n"
"\n"
"Parameters to compare subcommand:\n"
" '-f' first image format\n"
" '-F' second image format\n"
" '-s' run in Strict mode - fail on different image size or sector allocation\n";
printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg);
bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
printf("\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
.name = "object",
.implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
.desc = {
{ }
},
};
static QemuOptsList qemu_source_opts = {
.name = "source",
.implied_opt_name = "file",
.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_source_opts.head),
.desc = {
{ }
},
};
static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qprintf(bool quiet, const char *fmt, ...)
{
int ret = 0;
if (!quiet) {
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
ret = vprintf(fmt, args);
va_end(args);
}
return ret;
}
static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
{
BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
/* Find driver and parse its options */
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
return 1;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
if (filename) {
proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, &local_err);
if (!proto_drv) {
error_report_err(local_err);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
return 1;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
}
qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
return 0;
}
static int img_open_password(BlockBackend *blk, const char *filename,
bool require_io, bool quiet)
{
BlockDriverState *bs;
char password[256];
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs) && require_io) {
qprintf(quiet, "Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", filename);
if (qemu_read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0) {
error_report("No password given");
return -1;
}
if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) {
error_report("invalid password");
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
}
static BlockBackend *img_open_opts(const char *id,
const char *optstr,
QemuOpts *opts, int flags,
bool require_io, bool quiet)
{
QDict *options;
Error *local_err = NULL;
BlockBackend *blk;
options = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
blk = blk_new_open(id, NULL, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
if (!blk) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "Could not open '%s'", optstr);
return NULL;
}
if (img_open_password(blk, optstr, require_io, quiet) < 0) {
blk_unref(blk);
return NULL;
}
return blk;
}
static BlockBackend *img_open_file(const char *id, const char *filename,
const char *fmt, int flags,
bool require_io, bool quiet)
{
BlockBackend *blk;
Error *local_err = NULL;
QDict *options = NULL;
if (fmt) {
options = qdict_new();
qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(fmt));
}
blk = blk_new_open(id, filename, NULL, options, flags, &local_err);
if (!blk) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "Could not open '%s': ", filename);
return NULL;
}
if (img_open_password(blk, filename, require_io, quiet) < 0) {
blk_unref(blk);
return NULL;
}
return blk;
}
static BlockBackend *img_open(const char *id,
bool image_opts,
const char *filename,
const char *fmt, int flags,
bool require_io, bool quiet)
{
BlockBackend *blk;
if (image_opts) {
QemuOpts *opts;
if (fmt) {
error_report("--image-opts and --format are mutually exclusive");
return NULL;
}
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("source"),
filename, true);
if (!opts) {
return NULL;
}
blk = img_open_opts(id, filename, opts, flags, true, quiet);
} else {
blk = img_open_file(id, filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
}
return blk;
}
static int add_old_style_options(const char *fmt, QemuOpts *opts,
const char *base_filename,
const char *base_fmt)
{
Error *err = NULL;
if (base_filename) {
qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, base_filename, &err);
if (err) {
error_report("Backing file not supported for file format '%s'",
fmt);
error_free(err);
return -1;
}
}
if (base_fmt) {
qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT, base_fmt, &err);
if (err) {
error_report("Backing file format not supported for file "
"format '%s'", fmt);
error_free(err);
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
}
static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
uint64_t img_size = -1;
const char *fmt = "raw";
const char *base_fmt = NULL;
const char *filename;
const char *base_filename = NULL;
char *options = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool quiet = false;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "F:b:f:he6o:q",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'F':
base_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
base_filename = optarg;
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'e':
error_report("option -e is deprecated, please use \'-o "
"encryption\' instead!");
goto fail;
case '6':
error_report("option -6 is deprecated, please use \'-o "
"compat6\' instead!");
goto fail;
case 'o':
if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
goto fail;
}
if (!options) {
options = g_strdup(optarg);
} else {
char *old_options = options;
options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
g_free(old_options);
}
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
goto fail;
}
} break;
}
}
/* Get the filename */
filename = (optind < argc) ? argv[optind] : NULL;
if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
g_free(options);
return print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
}
if (optind >= argc) {
error_exit("Expecting image file name");
}
optind++;
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
goto fail;
}
/* Get image size, if specified */
if (optind < argc) {
int64_t sval;
char *end;
sval = qemu_strtosz_suffix(argv[optind++], &end,
QEMU_STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_B);
if (sval < 0 || *end) {
if (sval == -ERANGE) {
error_report("Image size must be less than 8 EiB!");
} else {
error_report("Invalid image size specified! You may use k, M, "
"G, T, P or E suffixes for ");
error_report("kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, "
"petabytes and exabytes.");
}
goto fail;
}
img_size = (uint64_t)sval;
}
if (optind != argc) {
error_exit("Unexpected argument: %s", argv[optind]);
}
bdrv_img_create(filename, fmt, base_filename, base_fmt,
options, img_size, BDRV_O_FLAGS, &local_err, quiet);
if (local_err) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "%s: ", filename);
goto fail;
}
g_free(options);
return 0;
fail:
g_free(options);
return 1;
}
static void dump_json_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
{
Error *local_err = NULL;
QString *str;
QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
QObject *obj;
visit_type_ImageCheck(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov), NULL, &check,
&local_err);
obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
qprintf(quiet, "%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_decref(obj);
qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
QDECREF(str);
}
static void dump_human_image_check(ImageCheck *check, bool quiet)
{
if (!(check->corruptions || check->leaks || check->check_errors)) {
qprintf(quiet, "No errors were found on the image.\n");
} else {
if (check->corruptions) {
qprintf(quiet, "\n%" PRId64 " errors were found on the image.\n"
"Data may be corrupted, or further writes to the image "
"may corrupt it.\n",
check->corruptions);
}
if (check->leaks) {
qprintf(quiet,
"\n%" PRId64 " leaked clusters were found on the image.\n"
"This means waste of disk space, but no harm to data.\n",
check->leaks);
}
if (check->check_errors) {
qprintf(quiet,
"\n%" PRId64
" internal errors have occurred during the check.\n",
check->check_errors);
}
}
if (check->total_clusters != 0 && check->allocated_clusters != 0) {
qprintf(quiet, "%" PRId64 "/%" PRId64 " = %0.2f%% allocated, "
"%0.2f%% fragmented, %0.2f%% compressed clusters\n",
check->allocated_clusters, check->total_clusters,
check->allocated_clusters * 100.0 / check->total_clusters,
check->fragmented_clusters * 100.0 / check->allocated_clusters,
check->compressed_clusters * 100.0 /
check->allocated_clusters);
}
if (check->image_end_offset) {
qprintf(quiet,
"Image end offset: %" PRId64 "\n", check->image_end_offset);
}
}
static int collect_image_check(BlockDriverState *bs,
ImageCheck *check,
const char *filename,
const char *fmt,
int fix)
{
int ret;
BdrvCheckResult result;
ret = bdrv_check(bs, &result, fix);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
check->filename = g_strdup(filename);
check->format = g_strdup(bdrv_get_format_name(bs));
check->check_errors = result.check_errors;
check->corruptions = result.corruptions;
check->has_corruptions = result.corruptions != 0;
check->leaks = result.leaks;
check->has_leaks = result.leaks != 0;
check->corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions_fixed;
check->has_corruptions_fixed = result.corruptions != 0;
check->leaks_fixed = result.leaks_fixed;
check->has_leaks_fixed = result.leaks != 0;
check->image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset;
check->has_image_end_offset = result.image_end_offset != 0;
check->total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters;
check->has_total_clusters = result.bfi.total_clusters != 0;
check->allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters;
check->has_allocated_clusters = result.bfi.allocated_clusters != 0;
check->fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters;
check->has_fragmented_clusters = result.bfi.fragmented_clusters != 0;
check->compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters;
check->has_compressed_clusters = result.bfi.compressed_clusters != 0;
return 0;
}
/*
* Checks an image for consistency. Exit codes:
*
* 0 - Check completed, image is good
* 1 - Check not completed because of internal errors
* 2 - Check completed, image is corrupted
* 3 - Check completed, image has leaked clusters, but is good otherwise
* 63 - Checks are not supported by the image format
*/
static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output, *cache;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
int fix = 0;
int flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_CHECK;
ImageCheck *check;
bool quiet = false;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for(;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"repair", required_argument, 0, 'r'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:r:T:q",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'r':
flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
if (!strcmp(optarg, "leaks")) {
fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS;
} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "all")) {
fix = BDRV_FIX_LEAKS | BDRV_FIX_ERRORS;
} else {
error_exit("Unknown option value for -r "
"(expecting 'leaks' or 'all'): %s", optarg);
}
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
return 1;
}
blk = img_open("image", image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
check = g_new0(ImageCheck, 1);
ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, fix);
if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
error_report("This image format does not support checks");
ret = 63;
goto fail;
}
if (check->corruptions_fixed || check->leaks_fixed) {
int corruptions_fixed, leaks_fixed;
leaks_fixed = check->leaks_fixed;
corruptions_fixed = check->corruptions_fixed;
if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
qprintf(quiet,
"The following inconsistencies were found and repaired:\n\n"
" %" PRId64 " leaked clusters\n"
" %" PRId64 " corruptions\n\n"
"Double checking the fixed image now...\n",
check->leaks_fixed,
check->corruptions_fixed);
}
ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, 0);
check->leaks_fixed = leaks_fixed;
check->corruptions_fixed = corruptions_fixed;
}
if (!ret) {
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
dump_human_image_check(check, quiet);
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
dump_json_image_check(check, quiet);
break;
}
}
if (ret || check->check_errors) {
if (ret) {
error_report("Check failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
} else {
error_report("Check failed");
}
ret = 1;
goto fail;
}
if (check->corruptions) {
ret = 2;
} else if (check->leaks) {
ret = 3;
} else {
ret = 0;
}
fail:
qapi_free_ImageCheck(check);
blk_unref(blk);
return ret;
}
typedef struct CommonBlockJobCBInfo {
BlockDriverState *bs;
Error **errp;
} CommonBlockJobCBInfo;
static void common_block_job_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
CommonBlockJobCBInfo *cbi = opaque;
if (ret < 0) {
error_setg_errno(cbi->errp, -ret, "Block job failed");
}
}
static void run_block_job(BlockJob *job, Error **errp)
{
AioContext *aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(job->bs);
do {
aio_poll(aio_context, true);
qemu_progress_print(job->len ?
((float)job->offset / job->len * 100.f) : 0.0f, 0);
} while (!job->ready);
block_job_complete_sync(job, errp);
/* A block job may finish instantaneously without publishing any progress,
* so just signal completion here */
qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
}
static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret, flags;
const char *filename, *fmt, *cache, *base;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs, *base_bs;
bool progress = false, quiet = false, drop = false;
Error *local_err = NULL;
CommonBlockJobCBInfo cbi;
bool image_opts = false;
fmt = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
base = NULL;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:ht:b:dpq",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
base = optarg;
/* -b implies -d */
drop = true;
break;
case 'd':
drop = true;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
/* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
return 1;
}
blk = img_open("image", image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.f);
qemu_progress_print(0.f, 100);
if (base) {
base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, base);
if (!base_bs) {
error_setg(&local_err, QERR_BASE_NOT_FOUND, base);
goto done;
}
} else {
/* This is different from QMP, which by default uses the deepest file in
* the backing chain (i.e., the very base); however, the traditional
* behavior of qemu-img commit is using the immediate backing file. */
base_bs = backing_bs(bs);
if (!base_bs) {
error_setg(&local_err, "Image does not have a backing file");
goto done;
}
}
cbi = (CommonBlockJobCBInfo){
.errp = &local_err,
.bs = bs,
};
commit_active_start(bs, base_bs, 0, BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT,
common_block_job_cb, &cbi, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
goto done;
}
/* When the block job completes, the BlockBackend reference will point to
* the old backing file. In order to avoid that the top image is already
* deleted, so we can still empty it afterwards, increment the reference
* counter here preemptively. */
if (!drop) {
bdrv_ref(bs);
}
run_block_job(bs->job, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
goto unref_backing;
}
if (!drop && bs->drv->bdrv_make_empty) {
ret = bs->drv->bdrv_make_empty(bs);
if (ret) {
error_setg_errno(&local_err, -ret, "Could not empty %s",
filename);
goto unref_backing;
}
}
unref_backing:
if (!drop) {
bdrv_unref(bs);
}
done:
qemu_progress_end();
blk_unref(blk);
if (local_err) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
qprintf(quiet, "Image committed.\n");
return 0;
}
/*
* Returns true iff the first sector pointed to by 'buf' contains at least
* a non-NUL byte.
*
* 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
* the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
*/
static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
{
bool is_zero;
int i;
if (n <= 0) {
*pnum = 0;
return 0;
}
is_zero = buffer_is_zero(buf, 512);
for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
buf += 512;
if (is_zero != buffer_is_zero(buf, 512)) {
break;
}
}
*pnum = i;
return !is_zero;
}
/*
* Like is_allocated_sectors, but if the buffer starts with a used sector,
* up to 'min' consecutive sectors containing zeros are ignored. This avoids
* breaking up write requests for only small sparse areas.
*/
static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
int min)
{
int ret;
int num_checked, num_used;
if (n < min) {
min = n;
}
ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum);
if (!ret) {
return ret;
}
num_used = *pnum;
buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
n -= *pnum;
num_checked = num_used;
while (n > 0) {
ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum);
buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
n -= *pnum;
num_checked += *pnum;
if (ret) {
num_used = num_checked;
} else if (*pnum >= min) {
break;
}
}
*pnum = num_used;
return 1;
}
/*
* Compares two buffers sector by sector. Returns 0 if the first sector of both
* buffers matches, non-zero otherwise.
*
* pnum is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
* the first one) that are known to have the same comparison result
*/
static int compare_sectors(const uint8_t *buf1, const uint8_t *buf2, int n,
int *pnum)
{
bool res;
int i;
if (n <= 0) {
*pnum = 0;
return 0;
}
res = !!memcmp(buf1, buf2, 512);
for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
buf1 += 512;
buf2 += 512;
if (!!memcmp(buf1, buf2, 512) != res) {
break;
}
}
*pnum = i;
return res;
}
#define IO_BUF_SIZE (2 * 1024 * 1024)
static int64_t sectors_to_bytes(int64_t sectors)
{
return sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
}
static int64_t sectors_to_process(int64_t total, int64_t from)
{
return MIN(total - from, IO_BUF_SIZE >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
}
/*
* Check if passed sectors are empty (not allocated or contain only 0 bytes)
*
* Returns 0 in case sectors are filled with 0, 1 if sectors contain non-zero
* data and negative value on error.
*
* @param blk: BlockBackend for the image
* @param sect_num: Number of first sector to check
* @param sect_count: Number of sectors to check
* @param filename: Name of disk file we are checking (logging purpose)
* @param buffer: Allocated buffer for storing read data
* @param quiet: Flag for quiet mode
*/
static int check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t sect_num,
int sect_count, const char *filename,
uint8_t *buffer, bool quiet)
{
int pnum, ret = 0;
ret = blk_read(blk, sect_num, buffer, sect_count);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 " of %s: %s",
sectors_to_bytes(sect_num), filename, strerror(-ret));
return ret;
}
ret = is_allocated_sectors(buffer, sect_count, &pnum);
if (ret || pnum != sect_count) {
qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
sectors_to_bytes(ret ? sect_num : sect_num + pnum));
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Compares two images. Exit codes:
*
* 0 - Images are identical
* 1 - Images differ
* >1 - Error occurred
*/
static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
{
const char *fmt1 = NULL, *fmt2 = NULL, *cache, *filename1, *filename2;
BlockBackend *blk1, *blk2;
BlockDriverState *bs1, *bs2;
int64_t total_sectors1, total_sectors2;
uint8_t *buf1 = NULL, *buf2 = NULL;
int pnum1, pnum2;
int allocated1, allocated2;
int ret = 0; /* return value - 0 Ident, 1 Different, >1 Error */
bool progress = false, quiet = false, strict = false;
int flags;
int64_t total_sectors;
int64_t sector_num = 0;
int64_t nb_sectors;
int c, pnum;
uint64_t progress_base;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for (;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:F:T:pqs",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt1 = optarg;
break;
case 'F':
fmt2 = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 's':
strict = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
ret = 2;
goto out4;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
/* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
if (optind != argc - 2) {
error_exit("Expecting two image file names");
}
filename1 = argv[optind++];
filename2 = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = 2;
goto out4;
}
/* Initialize before goto out */
qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
ret = 2;
goto out3;
}
blk1 = img_open("image_1", image_opts, filename1, fmt1, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk1) {
ret = 2;
goto out3;
}
blk2 = img_open("image_2", image_opts, filename2, fmt2, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk2) {
ret = 2;
goto out2;
}
bs1 = blk_bs(blk1);
bs2 = blk_bs(blk2);
buf1 = blk_blockalign(blk1, IO_BUF_SIZE);
buf2 = blk_blockalign(blk2, IO_BUF_SIZE);
total_sectors1 = blk_nb_sectors(blk1);
if (total_sectors1 < 0) {
error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
filename1, strerror(-total_sectors1));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
total_sectors2 = blk_nb_sectors(blk2);
if (total_sectors2 < 0) {
error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
filename2, strerror(-total_sectors2));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
total_sectors = MIN(total_sectors1, total_sectors2);
progress_base = MAX(total_sectors1, total_sectors2);
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
if (strict && total_sectors1 != total_sectors2) {
ret = 1;
qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Image size mismatch!\n");
goto out;
}
for (;;) {
int64_t status1, status2;
BlockDriverState *file;
nb_sectors = sectors_to_process(total_sectors, sector_num);
if (nb_sectors <= 0) {
break;
}
status1 = bdrv_get_block_status_above(bs1, NULL, sector_num,
total_sectors1 - sector_num,
&pnum1, &file);
if (status1 < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename1);
goto out;
}
allocated1 = status1 & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED;
status2 = bdrv_get_block_status_above(bs2, NULL, sector_num,
total_sectors2 - sector_num,
&pnum2, &file);
if (status2 < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename2);
goto out;
}
allocated2 = status2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED;
if (pnum1) {
nb_sectors = MIN(nb_sectors, pnum1);
}
if (pnum2) {
nb_sectors = MIN(nb_sectors, pnum2);
}
if (strict) {
if ((status1 & ~BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK) !=
(status2 & ~BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK)) {
ret = 1;
qprintf(quiet, "Strict mode: Offset %" PRId64
" block status mismatch!\n",
sectors_to_bytes(sector_num));
goto out;
}
}
if ((status1 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) && (status2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO)) {
nb_sectors = MIN(pnum1, pnum2);
} else if (allocated1 == allocated2) {
if (allocated1) {
ret = blk_read(blk1, sector_num, buf1, nb_sectors);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 " of %s:"
" %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num), filename1,
strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
ret = blk_read(blk2, sector_num, buf2, nb_sectors);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s: %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num),
filename2, strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
goto out;
}
ret = compare_sectors(buf1, buf2, nb_sectors, &pnum);
if (ret || pnum != nb_sectors) {
qprintf(quiet, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64 "!\n",
sectors_to_bytes(
ret ? sector_num : sector_num + pnum));
ret = 1;
goto out;
}
}
} else {
if (allocated1) {
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk1, sector_num, nb_sectors,
filename1, buf1, quiet);
} else {
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk2, sector_num, nb_sectors,
filename2, buf1, quiet);
}
if (ret) {
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64 ": %s",
sectors_to_bytes(sector_num), strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
}
goto out;
}
}
sector_num += nb_sectors;
qemu_progress_print(((float) nb_sectors / progress_base)*100, 100);
}
if (total_sectors1 != total_sectors2) {
BlockBackend *blk_over;
int64_t total_sectors_over;
const char *filename_over;
qprintf(quiet, "Warning: Image size mismatch!\n");
if (total_sectors1 > total_sectors2) {
total_sectors_over = total_sectors1;
blk_over = blk1;
filename_over = filename1;
} else {
total_sectors_over = total_sectors2;
blk_over = blk2;
filename_over = filename2;
}
for (;;) {
nb_sectors = sectors_to_process(total_sectors_over, sector_num);
if (nb_sectors <= 0) {
break;
}
ret = bdrv_is_allocated_above(blk_bs(blk_over), NULL, sector_num,
nb_sectors, &pnum);
if (ret < 0) {
ret = 3;
error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s",
filename_over);
goto out;
}
nb_sectors = pnum;
if (ret) {
ret = check_empty_sectors(blk_over, sector_num, nb_sectors,
filename_over, buf1, quiet);
if (ret) {
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s: %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num),
filename_over, strerror(-ret));
ret = 4;
}
goto out;
}
}
sector_num += nb_sectors;
qemu_progress_print(((float) nb_sectors / progress_base)*100, 100);
}
}
qprintf(quiet, "Images are identical.\n");
ret = 0;
out:
qemu_vfree(buf1);
qemu_vfree(buf2);
blk_unref(blk2);
out2:
blk_unref(blk1);
out3:
qemu_progress_end();
out4:
return ret;
}
enum ImgConvertBlockStatus {
BLK_DATA,
BLK_ZERO,
BLK_BACKING_FILE,
};
typedef struct ImgConvertState {
BlockBackend **src;
int64_t *src_sectors;
int src_cur, src_num;
int64_t src_cur_offset;
int64_t total_sectors;
int64_t allocated_sectors;
enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status;
int64_t sector_next_status;
BlockBackend *target;
bool has_zero_init;
bool compressed;
bool target_has_backing;
int min_sparse;
size_t cluster_sectors;
size_t buf_sectors;
} ImgConvertState;
static void convert_select_part(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
{
assert(sector_num >= s->src_cur_offset);
while (sector_num - s->src_cur_offset >= s->src_sectors[s->src_cur]) {
s->src_cur_offset += s->src_sectors[s->src_cur];
s->src_cur++;
assert(s->src_cur < s->src_num);
}
}
static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
{
int64_t ret;
int n;
convert_select_part(s, sector_num);
assert(s->total_sectors > sector_num);
n = MIN(s->total_sectors - sector_num, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS);
if (s->sector_next_status <= sector_num) {
BlockDriverState *file;
ret = bdrv_get_block_status(blk_bs(s->src[s->src_cur]),
sector_num - s->src_cur_offset,
n, &n, &file);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
s->status = BLK_ZERO;
} else if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) {
s->status = BLK_DATA;
} else if (!s->target_has_backing) {
/* Without a target backing file we must copy over the contents of
* the backing file as well. */
/* TODO Check block status of the backing file chain to avoid
* needlessly reading zeroes and limiting the iteration to the
* buffer size */
s->status = BLK_DATA;
} else {
s->status = BLK_BACKING_FILE;
}
s->sector_next_status = sector_num + n;
}
n = MIN(n, s->sector_next_status - sector_num);
if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
n = MIN(n, s->buf_sectors);
}
/* We need to write complete clusters for compressed images, so if an
* unallocated area is shorter than that, we must consider the whole
* cluster allocated. */
if (s->compressed) {
if (n < s->cluster_sectors) {
n = MIN(s->cluster_sectors, s->total_sectors - sector_num);
s->status = BLK_DATA;
} else {
n = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n, s->cluster_sectors);
}
}
return n;
}
static int convert_read(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
uint8_t *buf)
{
int n;
int ret;
if (s->status == BLK_ZERO || s->status == BLK_BACKING_FILE) {
return 0;
}
assert(nb_sectors <= s->buf_sectors);
while (nb_sectors > 0) {
BlockBackend *blk;
int64_t bs_sectors;
/* In the case of compression with multiple source files, we can get a
* nb_sectors that spreads into the next part. So we must be able to
* read across multiple BDSes for one convert_read() call. */
convert_select_part(s, sector_num);
blk = s->src[s->src_cur];
bs_sectors = s->src_sectors[s->src_cur];
n = MIN(nb_sectors, bs_sectors - (sector_num - s->src_cur_offset));
ret = blk_read(blk, sector_num - s->src_cur_offset, buf, n);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
sector_num += n;
nb_sectors -= n;
buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
return 0;
}
static int convert_write(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
const uint8_t *buf)
{
int ret;
while (nb_sectors > 0) {
int n = nb_sectors;
switch (s->status) {
case BLK_BACKING_FILE:
/* If we have a backing file, leave clusters unallocated that are
* unallocated in the source image, so that the backing file is
* visible at the respective offset. */
assert(s->target_has_backing);
break;
case BLK_DATA:
/* We must always write compressed clusters as a whole, so don't
* try to find zeroed parts in the buffer. We can only save the
* write if the buffer is completely zeroed and we're allowed to
* keep the target sparse. */
if (s->compressed) {
if (s->has_zero_init && s->min_sparse &&
buffer_is_zero(buf, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE))
{
assert(!s->target_has_backing);
break;
}
ret = blk_write_compressed(s->target, sector_num, buf, n);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
break;
}
/* If there is real non-zero data or we're told to keep the target
* fully allocated (-S 0), we must write it. Otherwise we can treat
* it as zero sectors. */
if (!s->min_sparse ||
is_allocated_sectors_min(buf, n, &n, s->min_sparse))
{
ret = blk_write(s->target, sector_num, buf, n);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
break;
}
/* fall-through */
case BLK_ZERO:
if (s->has_zero_init) {
break;
}
ret = blk_write_zeroes(s->target, sector_num, n, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
break;
}
sector_num += n;
nb_sectors -= n;
buf += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
return 0;
}
static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState *s)
{
uint8_t *buf = NULL;
int64_t sector_num, allocated_done;
int ret;
int n;
/* Check whether we have zero initialisation or can get it efficiently */
s->has_zero_init = s->min_sparse && !s->target_has_backing
? bdrv_has_zero_init(blk_bs(s->target))
: false;
if (!s->has_zero_init && !s->target_has_backing &&
bdrv_can_write_zeroes_with_unmap(blk_bs(s->target)))
{
ret = bdrv_make_zero(blk_bs(s->target), BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
if (ret == 0) {
s->has_zero_init = true;
}
}
/* Allocate buffer for copied data. For compressed images, only one cluster
* can be copied at a time. */
if (s->compressed) {
if (s->cluster_sectors <= 0 || s->cluster_sectors > s->buf_sectors) {
error_report("invalid cluster size");
ret = -EINVAL;
goto fail;
}
s->buf_sectors = s->cluster_sectors;
}
buf = blk_blockalign(s->target, s->buf_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
/* Calculate allocated sectors for progress */
s->allocated_sectors = 0;
sector_num = 0;
while (sector_num < s->total_sectors) {
n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, sector_num);
if (n < 0) {
ret = n;
goto fail;
}
if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
s->allocated_sectors += n;
}
sector_num += n;
}
/* Do the copy */
s->src_cur = 0;
s->src_cur_offset = 0;
s->sector_next_status = 0;
sector_num = 0;
allocated_done = 0;
while (sector_num < s->total_sectors) {
n = convert_iteration_sectors(s, sector_num);
if (n < 0) {
ret = n;
goto fail;
}
if (s->status == BLK_DATA) {
allocated_done += n;
qemu_progress_print(100.0 * allocated_done / s->allocated_sectors,
0);
}
ret = convert_read(s, sector_num, n, buf);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading sector %" PRId64
": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
goto fail;
}
ret = convert_write(s, sector_num, n, buf);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while writing sector %" PRId64
": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
goto fail;
}
sector_num += n;
}
if (s->compressed) {
/* signal EOF to align */
ret = blk_write_compressed(s->target, 0, NULL, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
goto fail;
}
}
ret = 0;
fail:
qemu_vfree(buf);
return ret;
}
static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, bs_n, bs_i, compress, cluster_sectors, skip_create;
int64_t ret = 0;
int progress = 0, flags, src_flags;
const char *fmt, *out_fmt, *cache, *src_cache, *out_baseimg, *out_filename;
BlockDriver *drv, *proto_drv;
BlockBackend **blk = NULL, *out_blk = NULL;
BlockDriverState **bs = NULL, *out_bs = NULL;
int64_t total_sectors;
int64_t *bs_sectors = NULL;
size_t bufsectors = IO_BUF_SIZE / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
const char *out_baseimg_param;
char *options = NULL;
const char *snapshot_name = NULL;
int min_sparse = 8; /* Need at least 4k of zeros for sparse detection */
bool quiet = false;
Error *local_err = NULL;
QemuOpts *sn_opts = NULL;
ImgConvertState state;
bool image_opts = false;
fmt = NULL;
out_fmt = "raw";
cache = "unsafe";
src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
out_baseimg = NULL;
compress = 0;
skip_create = 0;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:O:B:ce6o:s:l:S:pt:T:qn",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
out_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'B':
out_baseimg = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
compress = 1;
break;
case 'e':
error_report("option -e is deprecated, please use \'-o "
"encryption\' instead!");
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
case '6':
error_report("option -6 is deprecated, please use \'-o "
"compat6\' instead!");
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
case 'o':
if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
}
if (!options) {
options = g_strdup(optarg);
} else {
char *old_options = options;
options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
g_free(old_options);
}
break;
case 's':
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'l':
if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
optarg, false);
if (!sn_opts) {
error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
optarg);
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
}
} else {
snapshot_name = optarg;
}
break;
case 'S':
{
int64_t sval;
char *end;
sval = qemu_strtosz_suffix(optarg, &end, QEMU_STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_B);
if (sval < 0 || *end) {
error_report("Invalid minimum zero buffer size for sparse output specified");
ret = -1;
goto fail_getopt;
}
min_sparse = sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
break;
}
case 'p':
progress = 1;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
src_cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case 'n':
skip_create = 1;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT:
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
goto fail_getopt;
}
break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
goto fail_getopt;
}
/* Initialize before goto out */
if (quiet) {
progress = 0;
}
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
bs_n = argc - optind - 1;
out_filename = bs_n >= 1 ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
if (options && has_help_option(options)) {
ret = print_block_option_help(out_filename, out_fmt);
goto out;
}
if (bs_n < 1) {
error_exit("Must specify image file name");
}
if (bs_n > 1 && out_baseimg) {
error_report("-B makes no sense when concatenating multiple input "
"images");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
src_flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(src_cache, &src_flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
goto out;
}
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
blk = g_new0(BlockBackend *, bs_n);
bs = g_new0(BlockDriverState *, bs_n);
bs_sectors = g_new(int64_t, bs_n);
total_sectors = 0;
for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
char *id = bs_n > 1 ? g_strdup_printf("source_%d", bs_i)
: g_strdup("source");
blk[bs_i] = img_open(id, image_opts, argv[optind + bs_i],
fmt, src_flags, true, quiet);
g_free(id);
if (!blk[bs_i]) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bs[bs_i] = blk_bs(blk[bs_i]);
bs_sectors[bs_i] = blk_nb_sectors(blk[bs_i]);
if (bs_sectors[bs_i] < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of %s: %s",
argv[optind + bs_i], strerror(-bs_sectors[bs_i]));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
total_sectors += bs_sectors[bs_i];
}
if (sn_opts) {
ret = bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(bs[0],
qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID),
qemu_opt_get(sn_opts, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME),
&local_err);
} else if (snapshot_name != NULL) {
if (bs_n > 1) {
error_report("No support for concatenating multiple snapshot");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(bs[0], snapshot_name, &local_err);
}
if (local_err) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
/* Find driver and parse its options */
drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
if (!drv) {
error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(out_filename, true, &local_err);
if (!proto_drv) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!skip_create) {
if (!drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
proto_drv->format_name);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (options) {
qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, total_sectors * 512,
&error_abort);
ret = add_old_style_options(out_fmt, opts, out_baseimg, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
goto out;
}
}
/* Get backing file name if -o backing_file was used */
out_baseimg_param = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
if (out_baseimg_param) {
out_baseimg = out_baseimg_param;
}
/* Check if compression is supported */
if (compress) {
bool encryption =
qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, false);
const char *preallocation =
qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC);
if (!drv->bdrv_write_compressed) {
error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (encryption) {
error_report("Compression and encryption not supported at "
"the same time");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (preallocation
&& strcmp(preallocation, "off"))
{
error_report("Compression and preallocation not supported at "
"the same time");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
if (!skip_create) {
/* Create the new image */
ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, opts, &local_err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_reportf_err(local_err, "%s: error while converting %s: ",
out_filename, out_fmt);
goto out;
}
}
flags = min_sparse ? (BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP) : BDRV_O_RDWR;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
/* XXX we should allow --image-opts to trigger use of
* img_open() here, but then we have trouble with
* the bdrv_create() call which takes different params.
* Not critical right now, so fix can wait...
*/
out_blk = img_open_file("target", out_filename,
out_fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!out_blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
out_bs = blk_bs(out_blk);
/* increase bufsectors from the default 4096 (2M) if opt_transfer_length
* or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to 32768 (16MB)
* as maximum. */
bufsectors = MIN(32768,
MAX(bufsectors, MAX(out_bs->bl.opt_transfer_length,
out_bs->bl.discard_alignment))
);
if (skip_create) {
int64_t output_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(out_blk);
if (output_sectors < 0) {
error_report("unable to get output image length: %s",
strerror(-output_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
} else if (output_sectors < total_sectors) {
error_report("output file is smaller than input file");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
cluster_sectors = 0;
ret = bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi);
if (ret < 0) {
if (compress) {
error_report("could not get block driver info");
goto out;
}
} else {
compress = compress || bdi.needs_compressed_writes;
cluster_sectors = bdi.cluster_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
state = (ImgConvertState) {
.src = blk,
.src_sectors = bs_sectors,
.src_num = bs_n,
.total_sectors = total_sectors,
.target = out_blk,
.compressed = compress,
.target_has_backing = (bool) out_baseimg,
.min_sparse = min_sparse,
.cluster_sectors = cluster_sectors,
.buf_sectors = bufsectors,
};
ret = convert_do_copy(&state);
out:
if (!ret) {
qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
}
qemu_progress_end();
qemu_opts_del(opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
blk_unref(out_blk);
g_free(bs);
if (blk) {
for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
blk_unref(blk[bs_i]);
}
g_free(blk);
}
g_free(bs_sectors);
fail_getopt:
g_free(options);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_tab, *sn;
int nb_sns, i;
nb_sns = bdrv_snapshot_list(bs, &sn_tab);
if (nb_sns <= 0)
return;
printf("Snapshot list:\n");
bdrv_snapshot_dump(fprintf, stdout, NULL);
printf("\n");
for(i = 0; i < nb_sns; i++) {
sn = &sn_tab[i];
bdrv_snapshot_dump(fprintf, stdout, sn);
printf("\n");
}
g_free(sn_tab);
}
static void dump_json_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
{
Error *local_err = NULL;
QString *str;
QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
QObject *obj;
visit_type_ImageInfoList(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov), NULL, &list,
&local_err);
obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_decref(obj);
qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
QDECREF(str);
}
static void dump_json_image_info(ImageInfo *info)
{
Error *local_err = NULL;
QString *str;
QmpOutputVisitor *ov = qmp_output_visitor_new();
QObject *obj;
visit_type_ImageInfo(qmp_output_get_visitor(ov), NULL, &info, &local_err);
obj = qmp_output_get_qobject(ov);
str = qobject_to_json_pretty(obj);
assert(str != NULL);
printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str));
qobject_decref(obj);
qmp_output_visitor_cleanup(ov);
QDECREF(str);
}
static void dump_human_image_info_list(ImageInfoList *list)
{
ImageInfoList *elem;
bool delim = false;
for (elem = list; elem; elem = elem->next) {
if (delim) {
printf("\n");
}
delim = true;
bdrv_image_info_dump(fprintf, stdout, elem->value);
}
}
static gboolean str_equal_func(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
{
return strcmp(a, b) == 0;
}
/**
* Open an image file chain and return an ImageInfoList
*
* @filename: topmost image filename
* @fmt: topmost image format (may be NULL to autodetect)
* @chain: true - enumerate entire backing file chain
* false - only topmost image file
*
* Returns a list of ImageInfo objects or NULL if there was an error opening an
* image file. If there was an error a message will have been printed to
* stderr.
*/
static ImageInfoList *collect_image_info_list(bool image_opts,
const char *filename,
const char *fmt,
bool chain)
{
ImageInfoList *head = NULL;
ImageInfoList **last = &head;
GHashTable *filenames;
Error *err = NULL;
filenames = g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash, str_equal_func, NULL, NULL);
while (filename) {
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
ImageInfo *info;
ImageInfoList *elem;
if (g_hash_table_lookup_extended(filenames, filename, NULL, NULL)) {
error_report("Backing file '%s' creates an infinite loop.",
filename);
goto err;
}
g_hash_table_insert(filenames, (gpointer)filename, NULL);
blk = img_open("image", image_opts, filename, fmt,
BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING,
false, false);
if (!blk) {
goto err;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
bdrv_query_image_info(bs, &info, &err);
if (err) {
error_report_err(err);
blk_unref(blk);
goto err;
}
elem = g_new0(ImageInfoList, 1);
elem->value = info;
*last = elem;
last = &elem->next;
blk_unref(blk);
filename = fmt = NULL;
if (chain) {
if (info->has_full_backing_filename) {
filename = info->full_backing_filename;
} else if (info->has_backing_filename) {
error_report("Could not determine absolute backing filename,"
" but backing filename '%s' present",
info->backing_filename);
goto err;
}
if (info->has_backing_filename_format) {
fmt = info->backing_filename_format;
}
}
}
g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
return head;
err:
qapi_free_ImageInfoList(head);
g_hash_table_destroy(filenames);
return NULL;
}
static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
bool chain = false;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
ImageInfoList *list;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
for(;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{"backing-chain", no_argument, 0, OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:h",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
case OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN:
chain = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
list = collect_image_info_list(image_opts, filename, fmt, chain);
if (!list) {
return 1;
}
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
dump_human_image_info_list(list);
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
if (chain) {
dump_json_image_info_list(list);
} else {
dump_json_image_info(list->value);
}
break;
}
qapi_free_ImageInfoList(list);
return 0;
}
static void dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format, MapEntry *e,
MapEntry *next)
{
switch (output_format) {
case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
if (e->data && !e->has_offset) {
error_report("File contains external, encrypted or compressed clusters.");
exit(1);
}
if (e->data && !e->zero) {
printf("%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%s\n",
e->start, e->length,
e->has_offset ? e->offset : 0,
e->has_filename ? e->filename : "");
}
/* This format ignores the distinction between 0, ZERO and ZERO|DATA.
* Modify the flags here to allow more coalescing.
*/
if (next && (!next->data || next->zero)) {
next->data = false;
next->zero = true;
}
break;
case OFORMAT_JSON:
printf("%s{ \"start\": %"PRId64", \"length\": %"PRId64","
" \"depth\": %"PRId64", \"zero\": %s, \"data\": %s",
(e->start == 0 ? "[" : ",\n"),
e->start, e->length, e->depth,
e->zero ? "true" : "false",
e->data ? "true" : "false");
if (e->has_offset) {
printf(", \"offset\": %"PRId64"", e->offset);
}
putchar('}');
if (!next) {
printf("]\n");
}
break;
}
}
static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
int nb_sectors, MapEntry *e)
{
int64_t ret;
int depth;
BlockDriverState *file;
bool has_offset;
/* As an optimization, we could cache the current range of unallocated
* clusters in each file of the chain, and avoid querying the same
* range repeatedly.
*/
depth = 0;
for (;;) {
ret = bdrv_get_block_status(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, &nb_sectors,
&file);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
assert(nb_sectors);
if (ret & (BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO|BDRV_BLOCK_DATA)) {
break;
}
bs = backing_bs(bs);
if (bs == NULL) {
ret = 0;
break;
}
depth++;
}
has_offset = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID);
*e = (MapEntry) {
.start = sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
.length = nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
.data = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA),
.zero = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO),
.offset = ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK,
.has_offset = has_offset,
.depth = depth,
.has_filename = file && has_offset,
.filename = file && has_offset ? file->filename : NULL,
};
return 0;
}
static inline bool entry_mergeable(const MapEntry *curr, const MapEntry *next)
{
if (curr->length == 0) {
return false;
}
if (curr->zero != next->zero ||
curr->data != next->data ||
curr->depth != next->depth ||
curr->has_filename != next->has_filename ||
curr->has_offset != next->has_offset) {
return false;
}
if (curr->has_filename && strcmp(curr->filename, next->filename)) {
return false;
}
if (curr->has_offset && curr->offset + curr->length != next->offset) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
OutputFormat output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
const char *filename, *fmt, *output;
int64_t length;
MapEntry curr = { .length = 0 }, next;
int ret = 0;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
fmt = NULL;
output = NULL;
for (;;) {
int option_index = 0;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"output", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:h",
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case OPTION_OUTPUT:
output = optarg;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind];
if (output && !strcmp(output, "json")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_JSON;
} else if (output && !strcmp(output, "human")) {
output_format = OFORMAT_HUMAN;
} else if (output) {
error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
return 1;
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
blk = img_open("image", image_opts, filename, fmt,
BDRV_O_FLAGS, true, false);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
printf("%-16s%-16s%-16s%s\n", "Offset", "Length", "Mapped to", "File");
}
length = blk_getlength(blk);
while (curr.start + curr.length < length) {
int64_t nsectors_left;
int64_t sector_num;
int n;
sector_num = (curr.start + curr.length) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
/* Probe up to 1 GiB at a time. */
nsectors_left = DIV_ROUND_UP(length, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) - sector_num;
n = MIN(1 << (30 - BDRV_SECTOR_BITS), nsectors_left);
ret = get_block_status(bs, sector_num, n, &next);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Could not read file metadata: %s", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
if (entry_mergeable(&curr, &next)) {
curr.length += next.length;
continue;
}
if (curr.length > 0) {
dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, &next);
}
curr = next;
}
dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, NULL);
out:
blk_unref(blk);
return ret < 0;
}
#define SNAPSHOT_LIST 1
#define SNAPSHOT_CREATE 2
#define SNAPSHOT_APPLY 3
#define SNAPSHOT_DELETE 4
static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockBackend *blk;
BlockDriverState *bs;
QEMUSnapshotInfo sn;
char *filename, *snapshot_name = NULL;
int c, ret = 0, bdrv_oflags;
int action = 0;
qemu_timeval tv;
bool quiet = false;
Error *err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
bdrv_oflags = BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR;
/* Parse commandline parameters */
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "la:c:d:hq",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case 'l':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_LIST;
bdrv_oflags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR; /* no need for RW */
break;
case 'a':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_APPLY;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_CREATE;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'd':
if (action) {
error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
return 0;
}
action = SNAPSHOT_DELETE;
snapshot_name = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &err)) {
error_report_err(err);
return 1;
}
/* Open the image */
blk = img_open("image", image_opts, filename, NULL,
bdrv_oflags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
return 1;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
/* Perform the requested action */
switch(action) {
case SNAPSHOT_LIST:
dump_snapshots(bs);
break;
case SNAPSHOT_CREATE:
memset(&sn, 0, sizeof(sn));
pstrcpy(sn.name, sizeof(sn.name), snapshot_name);
qemu_gettimeofday(&tv);
sn.date_sec = tv.tv_sec;
sn.date_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
ret = bdrv_snapshot_create(bs, &sn);
if (ret) {
error_report("Could not create snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
}
break;
case SNAPSHOT_APPLY:
ret = bdrv_snapshot_goto(bs, snapshot_name);
if (ret) {
error_report("Could not apply snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
}
break;
case SNAPSHOT_DELETE:
bdrv_snapshot_delete_by_id_or_name(bs, snapshot_name, &err);
if (err) {
error_reportf_err(err, "Could not delete snapshot '%s': ",
snapshot_name);
ret = 1;
}
break;
}
/* Cleanup */
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockBackend *blk = NULL, *blk_old_backing = NULL, *blk_new_backing = NULL;
BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
char *filename;
const char *fmt, *cache, *src_cache, *out_basefmt, *out_baseimg;
int c, flags, src_flags, ret;
int unsafe = 0;
int progress = 0;
bool quiet = false;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
/* Parse commandline parameters */
fmt = NULL;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
src_cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
out_baseimg = NULL;
out_basefmt = NULL;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hf:F:b:upt:T:q",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'F':
out_basefmt = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
out_baseimg = optarg;
break;
case 'u':
unsafe = 1;
break;
case 'p':
progress = 1;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'T':
src_cache = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (quiet) {
progress = 0;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
if (!unsafe && !out_baseimg) {
error_exit("Must specify backing file (-b) or use unsafe mode (-u)");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | (unsafe ? BDRV_O_NO_BACKING : 0);
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
src_flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(src_cache, &src_flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache);
goto out;
}
/*
* Open the images.
*
* Ignore the old backing file for unsafe rebase in case we want to correct
* the reference to a renamed or moved backing file.
*/
blk = img_open("image", image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
if (out_basefmt != NULL) {
if (bdrv_find_format(out_basefmt) == NULL) {
error_report("Invalid format name: '%s'", out_basefmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
/* For safe rebasing we need to compare old and new backing file */
if (!unsafe) {
char backing_name[PATH_MAX];
QDict *options = NULL;
if (bs->backing_format[0] != '\0') {
options = qdict_new();
qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(bs->backing_format));
}
bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name, sizeof(backing_name));
blk_old_backing = blk_new_open("old_backing", backing_name, NULL,
options, src_flags, &local_err);
if (!blk_old_backing) {
error_reportf_err(local_err,
"Could not open old backing file '%s': ",
backing_name);
goto out;
}
if (out_baseimg[0]) {
if (out_basefmt) {
options = qdict_new();
qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str(out_basefmt));
} else {
options = NULL;
}
blk_new_backing = blk_new_open("new_backing", out_baseimg, NULL,
options, src_flags, &local_err);
if (!blk_new_backing) {
error_reportf_err(local_err,
"Could not open new backing file '%s': ",
out_baseimg);
goto out;
}
}
}
/*
* Check each unallocated cluster in the COW file. If it is unallocated,
* accesses go to the backing file. We must therefore compare this cluster
* in the old and new backing file, and if they differ we need to copy it
* from the old backing file into the COW file.
*
* If qemu-img crashes during this step, no harm is done. The content of
* the image is the same as the original one at any time.
*/
if (!unsafe) {
int64_t num_sectors;
int64_t old_backing_num_sectors;
int64_t new_backing_num_sectors = 0;
uint64_t sector;
int n;
uint8_t * buf_old;
uint8_t * buf_new;
float local_progress = 0;
buf_old = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
buf_new = blk_blockalign(blk, IO_BUF_SIZE);
num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk);
if (num_sectors < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
filename, strerror(-num_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
old_backing_num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk_old_backing);
if (old_backing_num_sectors < 0) {
char backing_name[PATH_MAX];
bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_name, sizeof(backing_name));
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
backing_name, strerror(-old_backing_num_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (blk_new_backing) {
new_backing_num_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(blk_new_backing);
if (new_backing_num_sectors < 0) {
error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
out_baseimg, strerror(-new_backing_num_sectors));
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
if (num_sectors != 0) {
local_progress = (float)100 /
(num_sectors / MIN(num_sectors, IO_BUF_SIZE / 512));
}
for (sector = 0; sector < num_sectors; sector += n) {
/* How many sectors can we handle with the next read? */
if (sector + (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512) <= num_sectors) {
n = (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512);
} else {
n = num_sectors - sector;
}
/* If the cluster is allocated, we don't need to take action */
ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector, n, &n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
if (ret) {
continue;
}
/*
* Read old and new backing file and take into consideration that
* backing files may be smaller than the COW image.
*/
if (sector >= old_backing_num_sectors) {
memset(buf_old, 0, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
} else {
if (sector + n > old_backing_num_sectors) {
n = old_backing_num_sectors - sector;
}
ret = blk_read(blk_old_backing, sector, buf_old, n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading from old backing file");
goto out;
}
}
if (sector >= new_backing_num_sectors || !blk_new_backing) {
memset(buf_new, 0, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
} else {
if (sector + n > new_backing_num_sectors) {
n = new_backing_num_sectors - sector;
}
ret = blk_read(blk_new_backing, sector, buf_new, n);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("error while reading from new backing file");
goto out;
}
}
/* If they differ, we need to write to the COW file */
uint64_t written = 0;
while (written < n) {
int pnum;
if (compare_sectors(buf_old + written * 512,
buf_new + written * 512, n - written, &pnum))
{
ret = blk_write(blk, sector + written,
buf_old + written * 512, pnum);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while writing to COW image: %s",
strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
}
written += pnum;
}
qemu_progress_print(local_progress, 100);
}
qemu_vfree(buf_old);
qemu_vfree(buf_new);
}
/*
* Change the backing file. All clusters that are different from the old
* backing file are overwritten in the COW file now, so the visible content
* doesn't change when we switch the backing file.
*/
if (out_baseimg && *out_baseimg) {
ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, out_baseimg, out_basefmt);
} else {
ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(bs, NULL, NULL);
}
if (ret == -ENOSPC) {
error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': No "
"space left in the file header", out_baseimg);
} else if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': %s",
out_baseimg, strerror(-ret));
}
qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
/*
* TODO At this point it is possible to check if any clusters that are
* allocated in the COW file are the same in the backing file. If so, they
* could be dropped from the COW file. Don't do this before switching the
* backing file, in case of a crash this would lead to corruption.
*/
out:
qemu_progress_end();
/* Cleanup */
if (!unsafe) {
blk_unref(blk_old_backing);
blk_unref(blk_new_backing);
}
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
{
Error *err = NULL;
int c, ret, relative;
const char *filename, *fmt, *size;
int64_t n, total_size;
bool quiet = false;
BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
QemuOpts *param;
Error *local_err = NULL;
static QemuOptsList resize_options = {
.name = "resize_options",
.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(resize_options.head),
.desc = {
{
.name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
.type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
.help = "Virtual disk size"
}, {
/* end of list */
}
},
};
bool image_opts = false;
/* Remove size from argv manually so that negative numbers are not treated
* as options by getopt. */
if (argc < 3) {
error_exit("Not enough arguments");
return 1;
}
size = argv[--argc];
/* Parse getopt arguments */
fmt = NULL;
for(;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:hq",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch(c) {
case '?':
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT: {
QemuOpts *opts;
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
return 1;
}
} break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
}
filename = argv[optind++];
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return 1;
}
/* Choose grow, shrink, or absolute resize mode */
switch (size[0]) {
case '+':
relative = 1;
size++;
break;
case '-':
relative = -1;
size++;
break;
default:
relative = 0;
break;
}
/* Parse size */
param = qemu_opts_create(&resize_options, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
qemu_opt_set(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, size, &err);
if (err) {
error_report_err(err);
ret = -1;
qemu_opts_del(param);
goto out;
}
n = qemu_opt_get_size(param, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
qemu_opts_del(param);
blk = img_open("image", image_opts, filename, fmt,
BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
if (relative) {
total_size = blk_getlength(blk) + n * relative;
} else {
total_size = n;
}
if (total_size <= 0) {
error_report("New image size must be positive");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
ret = blk_truncate(blk, total_size);
switch (ret) {
case 0:
qprintf(quiet, "Image resized.\n");
break;
case -ENOTSUP:
error_report("This image does not support resize");
break;
case -EACCES:
error_report("Image is read-only");
break;
default:
error_report("Error resizing image (%d)", -ret);
break;
}
out:
blk_unref(blk);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static void amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState *bs,
int64_t offset, int64_t total_work_size,
void *opaque)
{
qemu_progress_print(100.f * offset / total_work_size, 0);
}
static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
{
Error *err = NULL;
int c, ret = 0;
char *options = NULL;
QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
const char *fmt = NULL, *filename, *cache;
int flags;
bool quiet = false, progress = false;
BlockBackend *blk = NULL;
BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
Error *local_err = NULL;
bool image_opts = false;
cache = BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE;
for (;;) {
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"object", required_argument, 0, OPTION_OBJECT},
{"image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ho:f:t:pq",
long_options, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case 'h':
case '?':
help();
break;
case 'o':
if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg);
ret = -1;
goto out_no_progress;
}
if (!options) {
options = g_strdup(optarg);
} else {
char *old_options = options;
options = g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options, optarg);
g_free(old_options);
}
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 't':
cache = optarg;
break;
case 'p':
progress = true;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = true;
break;
case OPTION_OBJECT:
opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
optarg, true);
if (!opts) {
ret = -1;
goto out_no_progress;
}
break;
case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
image_opts = true;
break;
}
}
if (!options) {
error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
}
if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
NULL, &local_err)) {
error_report_err(local_err);
ret = -1;
goto out_no_progress;
}
if (quiet) {
progress = false;
}
qemu_progress_init(progress, 1.0);
filename = (optind == argc - 1) ? argv[argc - 1] : NULL;
if (fmt && has_help_option(options)) {
/* If a format is explicitly specified (and possibly no filename is
* given), print option help here */
ret = print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
goto out;
}
if (optind != argc - 1) {
error_report("Expecting one image file name");
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
flags = BDRV_O_FLAGS | BDRV_O_RDWR;
ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
goto out;
}
blk = img_open("image", image_opts, filename, fmt, flags, true, quiet);
if (!blk) {
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
bs = blk_bs(blk);
fmt = bs->drv->format_name;
if (has_help_option(options)) {
/* If the format was auto-detected, print option help here */
ret = print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
goto out;
}
if (!bs->drv->create_opts) {
error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support any options to amend",
fmt);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, bs->drv->create_opts);
opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
if (options) {
qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &err);
if (err) {
error_report_err(err);
ret = -1;
goto out;
}
}
/* In case the driver does not call amend_status_cb() */
qemu_progress_print(0.f, 0);
ret = bdrv_amend_options(bs, opts, &amend_status_cb, NULL);
qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Error while amending options: %s", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
out:
qemu_progress_end();
out_no_progress:
blk_unref(blk);
qemu_opts_del(opts);
qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
g_free(options);
if (ret) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static const img_cmd_t img_cmds[] = {
#define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
{ option, callback },
#include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
#undef DEF
#undef GEN_DOCS
{ NULL, NULL, },
};
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
const img_cmd_t *cmd;
const char *cmdname;
Error *local_error = NULL;
int c;
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"version", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
#ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif
error_set_progname(argv[0]);
qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
error_report_err(local_error);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
bdrv_init();
if (argc < 2) {
error_exit("Not enough arguments");
}
cmdname = argv[1];
qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
qemu_add_opts(&qemu_source_opts);
/* find the command */
for (cmd = img_cmds; cmd->name != NULL; cmd++) {
if (!strcmp(cmdname, cmd->name)) {
return cmd->handler(argc - 1, argv + 1);
}
}
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h", long_options, NULL);
if (c == 'h') {
help();
}
if (c == 'v') {
printf(QEMU_IMG_VERSION);
return 0;
}
/* not found */
error_exit("Command not found: %s", cmdname);
}