qdev-monitor.c - qemu - Git at Google

 /*
  *  Dynamic device configuration and creation.
  *
  *  Copyright (c) 2009 CodeSourcery
  *
  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  *
  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */

 #include "hw/qdev.h"
 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
 #include "monitor/qdev.h"
 #include "qmp-commands.h"
 #include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
 #include "qemu/config-file.h"

 /*
  * Aliases were a bad idea from the start.  Let's keep them
  * from spreading further.
  */
 typedef struct QDevAlias
 {
     const char *typename;
     const char *alias;
     uint32_t arch_mask;
 } QDevAlias;

 static const QDevAlias qdev_alias_table[] = {
     { "virtio-blk-pci", "virtio-blk", QEMU_ARCH_ALL & ~QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
     { "virtio-net-pci", "virtio-net", QEMU_ARCH_ALL & ~QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
     { "virtio-serial-pci", "virtio-serial", QEMU_ARCH_ALL & ~QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
     { "virtio-balloon-pci", "virtio-balloon",
             QEMU_ARCH_ALL & ~QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
     { "virtio-blk-s390", "virtio-blk", QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
     { "virtio-net-s390", "virtio-net", QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
     { "virtio-serial-s390", "virtio-serial", QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
     { "lsi53c895a", "lsi" },
     { "ich9-ahci", "ahci" },
     { "kvm-pci-assign", "pci-assign" },
     { }
 };

 static const char *qdev_class_get_alias(DeviceClass *dc)
 {
     const char *typename = object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(dc));
     int i;

     for (i = 0; qdev_alias_table[i].typename; i++) {
         if (qdev_alias_table[i].arch_mask &&
             !(qdev_alias_table[i].arch_mask & arch_type)) {
             continue;
         }

         if (strcmp(qdev_alias_table[i].typename, typename) == 0) {
             return qdev_alias_table[i].alias;
         }
     }

     return NULL;
 }

 static bool qdev_class_has_alias(DeviceClass *dc)
 {
     return (qdev_class_get_alias(dc) != NULL);
 }

 static void qdev_print_class_devinfo(DeviceClass *dc)
 {
     DeviceCategory category;

     if (!dc) {
         return;
     }

     error_printf("name \"%s\"", object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(dc)));
     if (dc->bus_type) {
         error_printf(", bus %s", dc->bus_type);
     }
     if (qdev_class_has_alias(dc)) {
         error_printf(", alias \"%s\"", qdev_class_get_alias(dc));
     }
     error_printf(", categories");
     for (category = 0; category < DEVICE_CATEGORY_MAX; ++category) {
         if (test_bit(category, dc->categories)) {
             error_printf(" \"%s\"", qdev_category_get_name(category));
         }
     }
     if (dc->desc) {
         error_printf(", desc \"%s\"", dc->desc);
     }
     if (dc->no_user) {
         error_printf(", no-user");
     }
     error_printf("\n");
 }

 static void qdev_print_devinfo(ObjectClass *klass, void *opaque)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc;

     dc = (DeviceClass *)object_class_dynamic_cast(klass, TYPE_DEVICE);

     qdev_print_class_devinfo(dc);
 }

 static int set_property(const char *name, const char *value, void *opaque)
 {
     DeviceState *dev = opaque;
     Error *err = NULL;

     if (strcmp(name, "driver") == 0)
         return 0;
     if (strcmp(name, "bus") == 0)
         return 0;

     qdev_prop_parse(dev, name, value, &err);
     if (err != NULL) {
         qerror_report_err(err);
         error_free(err);
         return -1;
     }
     return 0;
 }

 static const char *find_typename_by_alias(const char *alias)
 {
     int i;

     for (i = 0; qdev_alias_table[i].alias; i++) {
         if (qdev_alias_table[i].arch_mask &&
             !(qdev_alias_table[i].arch_mask & arch_type)) {
             continue;
         }

         if (strcmp(qdev_alias_table[i].alias, alias) == 0) {
             return qdev_alias_table[i].typename;
         }
     }

     return NULL;
 }

 static void qdev_print_category_devices(DeviceCategory category)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc;
     GSList *list, *curr;

     list = object_class_get_list(TYPE_DEVICE, false);
     for (curr = list; curr; curr = g_slist_next(curr)) {
         dc = (DeviceClass *)object_class_dynamic_cast(curr->data, TYPE_DEVICE);
         if (!dc->no_user && test_bit(category, dc->categories)) {
             qdev_print_class_devinfo(dc);
         }
     }
     g_slist_free(list);
 }

 int qdev_device_help(QemuOpts *opts)
 {
     const char *driver;
     Property *prop;
     ObjectClass *klass;

     driver = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
     if (driver && is_help_option(driver)) {
         DeviceCategory category;
         for (category = 0; category < DEVICE_CATEGORY_MAX; ++category) {
             qdev_print_category_devices(category);
         }

         return 1;
     }

     if (!driver || !qemu_opt_has_help_opt(opts)) {
         return 0;
     }

     klass = object_class_by_name(driver);
     if (!klass) {
         const char *typename = find_typename_by_alias(driver);

         if (typename) {
             driver = typename;
             klass = object_class_by_name(driver);
         }
     }

     if (!klass) {
         return 0;
     }
     do {
         for (prop = DEVICE_CLASS(klass)->props; prop && prop->name; prop++) {
             /*
              * TODO Properties without a parser are just for dirty hacks.
              * qdev_prop_ptr is the only such PropertyInfo.  It's marked
              * for removal.  This conditional should be removed along with
              * it.
              */
             if (!prop->info->set) {
                 continue;           /* no way to set it, don't show */
             }
             error_printf("%s.%s=%s\n", driver, prop->name,
                          prop->info->legacy_name ?: prop->info->name);
         }
         klass = object_class_get_parent(klass);
     } while (klass != object_class_by_name(TYPE_DEVICE));
     return 1;
 }

 static Object *qdev_get_peripheral(void)
 {
     static Object *dev;

     if (dev == NULL) {
         dev = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), "/peripheral");
     }

     return dev;
 }

 static Object *qdev_get_peripheral_anon(void)
 {
     static Object *dev;

     if (dev == NULL) {
         dev = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), "/peripheral-anon");
     }

     return dev;
 }

 static void qbus_list_bus(DeviceState *dev)
 {
     BusState *child;
     const char *sep = " ";

     error_printf("child busses at \"%s\":",
                  dev->id ? dev->id : object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
     QLIST_FOREACH(child, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
         error_printf("%s\"%s\"", sep, child->name);
         sep = ", ";
     }
     error_printf("\n");
 }

 static void qbus_list_dev(BusState *bus)
 {
     BusChild *kid;
     const char *sep = " ";

     error_printf("devices at \"%s\":", bus->name);
     QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
         DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
         error_printf("%s\"%s\"", sep, object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
         if (dev->id)
             error_printf("/\"%s\"", dev->id);
         sep = ", ";
     }
     error_printf("\n");
 }

 static BusState *qbus_find_bus(DeviceState *dev, char *elem)
 {
     BusState *child;

     QLIST_FOREACH(child, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
         if (strcmp(child->name, elem) == 0) {
             return child;
         }
     }
     return NULL;
 }

 static DeviceState *qbus_find_dev(BusState *bus, char *elem)
 {
     BusChild *kid;

     /*
      * try to match in order:
      *   (1) instance id, if present
      *   (2) driver name
      *   (3) driver alias, if present
      */
     QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
         DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
         if (dev->id  &&  strcmp(dev->id, elem) == 0) {
             return dev;
         }
     }
     QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
         DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
         if (strcmp(object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)), elem) == 0) {
             return dev;
         }
     }
     QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
         DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
         DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);

         if (qdev_class_has_alias(dc) &&
             strcmp(qdev_class_get_alias(dc), elem) == 0) {
             return dev;
         }
     }
     return NULL;
 }

 static BusState *qbus_find_recursive(BusState *bus, const char *name,
                                      const char *bus_typename)
 {
     BusClass *bus_class = BUS_GET_CLASS(bus);
     BusChild *kid;
     BusState *child, *ret;
     int match = 1;

     if (name && (strcmp(bus->name, name) != 0)) {
         match = 0;
     } else if (bus_typename && !object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(bus), bus_typename)) {
         match = 0;
     } else if ((bus_class->max_dev != 0) && (bus_class->max_dev <= bus->max_index)) {
         if (name != NULL) {
             /* bus was explicitly specified: return an error. */
             qerror_report(ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR, "Bus '%s' is full",
                           bus->name);
             return NULL;
         } else {
             /* bus was not specified: try to find another one. */
             match = 0;
         }
     }
     if (match) {
         return bus;
     }

     QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
         DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
         QLIST_FOREACH(child, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
             ret = qbus_find_recursive(child, name, bus_typename);
             if (ret) {
                 return ret;
             }
         }
     }
     return NULL;
 }

 static BusState *qbus_find(const char *path)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     BusState *bus;
     char elem[128];
     int pos, len;

     /* find start element */
     if (path[0] == '/') {
         bus = sysbus_get_default();
         pos = 0;
     } else {
         if (sscanf(path, "%127[^/]%n", elem, &len) != 1) {
             assert(!path[0]);
             elem[0] = len = 0;
         }
         bus = qbus_find_recursive(sysbus_get_default(), elem, NULL);
         if (!bus) {
             qerror_report(QERR_BUS_NOT_FOUND, elem);
             return NULL;
         }
         pos = len;
     }

     for (;;) {
         assert(path[pos] == '/' || !path[pos]);
         while (path[pos] == '/') {
             pos++;
         }
         if (path[pos] == '\0') {
             return bus;
         }

         /* find device */
         if (sscanf(path+pos, "%127[^/]%n", elem, &len) != 1) {
             g_assert_not_reached();
             elem[0] = len = 0;
         }
         pos += len;
         dev = qbus_find_dev(bus, elem);
         if (!dev) {
             qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, elem);
             if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp()) {
                 qbus_list_dev(bus);
             }
             return NULL;
         }

         assert(path[pos] == '/' || !path[pos]);
         while (path[pos] == '/') {
             pos++;
         }
         if (path[pos] == '\0') {
             /* last specified element is a device.  If it has exactly
              * one child bus accept it nevertheless */
             switch (dev->num_child_bus) {
             case 0:
                 qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NO_BUS, elem);
                 return NULL;
             case 1:
                 return QLIST_FIRST(&dev->child_bus);
             default:
                 qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_MULTIPLE_BUSSES, elem);
                 if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp()) {
                     qbus_list_bus(dev);
                 }
                 return NULL;
             }
         }

         /* find bus */
         if (sscanf(path+pos, "%127[^/]%n", elem, &len) != 1) {
             g_assert_not_reached();
             elem[0] = len = 0;
         }
         pos += len;
         bus = qbus_find_bus(dev, elem);
         if (!bus) {
             qerror_report(QERR_BUS_NOT_FOUND, elem);
             if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp()) {
                 qbus_list_bus(dev);
             }
             return NULL;
         }
     }
 }

 DeviceState *qdev_device_add(QemuOpts *opts)
 {
     ObjectClass *obj;
     DeviceClass *k;
     const char *driver, *path, *id;
     DeviceState *qdev;
     BusState *bus = NULL;

     driver = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
     if (!driver) {
         qerror_report(QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "driver");
         return NULL;
     }

     /* find driver */
     obj = object_class_by_name(driver);
     if (!obj) {
         const char *typename = find_typename_by_alias(driver);

         if (typename) {
             driver = typename;
             obj = object_class_by_name(driver);
         }
     }

     if (!obj) {
         qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "driver", "device type");
         return NULL;
     }

     if (object_class_is_abstract(obj)) {
         qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "driver",
                       "non-abstract device type");
         return NULL;
     }

     k = DEVICE_CLASS(obj);

     /* find bus */
     path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "bus");
     if (path != NULL) {
         bus = qbus_find(path);
         if (!bus) {
             return NULL;
         }
         if (!object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(bus), k->bus_type)) {
             qerror_report(QERR_BAD_BUS_FOR_DEVICE,
                           driver, object_get_typename(OBJECT(bus)));
             return NULL;
         }
     } else if (k->bus_type != NULL) {
         bus = qbus_find_recursive(sysbus_get_default(), NULL, k->bus_type);
         if (!bus) {
             qerror_report(QERR_NO_BUS_FOR_DEVICE,
                           k->bus_type, driver);
             return NULL;
         }
     }
     if (qdev_hotplug && bus && !bus->allow_hotplug) {
         qerror_report(QERR_BUS_NO_HOTPLUG, bus->name);
         return NULL;
     }

     /* create device, set properties */
     qdev = DEVICE(object_new(driver));

     if (bus) {
         qdev_set_parent_bus(qdev, bus);
     }

     id = qemu_opts_id(opts);
     if (id) {
         qdev->id = id;
     }
     if (qemu_opt_foreach(opts, set_property, qdev, 1) != 0) {
         qdev_free(qdev);
         object_unref(OBJECT(qdev));
         return NULL;
     }
     if (qdev->id) {
         object_property_add_child(qdev_get_peripheral(), qdev->id,
                                   OBJECT(qdev), NULL);
     } else {
         static int anon_count;
         gchar *name = g_strdup_printf("device[%d]", anon_count++);
         object_property_add_child(qdev_get_peripheral_anon(), name,
                                   OBJECT(qdev), NULL);
         g_free(name);
     }
     if (qdev_init(qdev) < 0) {
         object_unref(OBJECT(qdev));
         qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_INIT_FAILED, driver);
         return NULL;
     }
     qdev->opts = opts;
     return qdev;
 }


 #define qdev_printf(fmt, ...) monitor_printf(mon, "%*s" fmt, indent, "", ## __VA_ARGS__)
 static void qbus_print(Monitor *mon, BusState *bus, int indent);

 static void qdev_print_props(Monitor *mon, DeviceState *dev, Property *props,
                              int indent)
 {
     if (!props)
         return;
     for (; props->name; props++) {
         Error *err = NULL;
         char *value;
         char *legacy_name = g_strdup_printf("legacy-%s", props->name);
         if (object_property_get_type(OBJECT(dev), legacy_name, NULL)) {
             value = object_property_get_str(OBJECT(dev), legacy_name, &err);
         } else {
             value = object_property_print(OBJECT(dev), props->name, &err);
         }
         g_free(legacy_name);

         if (err) {
             error_free(err);
             continue;
         }
         qdev_printf("%s = %s\n", props->name,
                     value && *value ? value : "<null>");
         g_free(value);
     }
 }

 static void bus_print_dev(BusState *bus, Monitor *mon, DeviceState *dev, int indent)
 {
     BusClass *bc = BUS_GET_CLASS(bus);

     if (bc->print_dev) {
         bc->print_dev(mon, dev, indent);
     }
 }

 static void qdev_print(Monitor *mon, DeviceState *dev, int indent)
 {
     ObjectClass *class;
     BusState *child;
     qdev_printf("dev: %s, id \"%s\"\n", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)),
                 dev->id ? dev->id : "");
     indent += 2;
     if (dev->num_gpio_in) {
         qdev_printf("gpio-in %d\n", dev->num_gpio_in);
     }
     if (dev->num_gpio_out) {
         qdev_printf("gpio-out %d\n", dev->num_gpio_out);
     }
     class = object_get_class(OBJECT(dev));
     do {
         qdev_print_props(mon, dev, DEVICE_CLASS(class)->props, indent);
         class = object_class_get_parent(class);
     } while (class != object_class_by_name(TYPE_DEVICE));
     bus_print_dev(dev->parent_bus, mon, dev, indent);
     QLIST_FOREACH(child, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
         qbus_print(mon, child, indent);
     }
 }

 static void qbus_print(Monitor *mon, BusState *bus, int indent)
 {
     BusChild *kid;

     qdev_printf("bus: %s\n", bus->name);
     indent += 2;
     qdev_printf("type %s\n", object_get_typename(OBJECT(bus)));
     QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
         DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
         qdev_print(mon, dev, indent);
     }
 }
 #undef qdev_printf

 void do_info_qtree(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 {
     if (sysbus_get_default())
         qbus_print(mon, sysbus_get_default(), 0);
 }

 void do_info_qdm(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 {
     object_class_foreach(qdev_print_devinfo, TYPE_DEVICE, false, NULL);
 }

 int do_device_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data)
 {
     Error *local_err = NULL;
     QemuOpts *opts;
     DeviceState *dev;

     opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(qemu_find_opts("device"), qdict, &local_err);
     if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
         qerror_report_err(local_err);
         error_free(local_err);
         return -1;
     }
     if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp() && qdev_device_help(opts)) {
         qemu_opts_del(opts);
         return 0;
     }
     dev = qdev_device_add(opts);
     if (!dev) {
         qemu_opts_del(opts);
         return -1;
     }
     object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
     return 0;
 }

 void qmp_device_del(const char *id, Error **errp)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;

     dev = qdev_find_recursive(sysbus_get_default(), id);
     if (NULL == dev) {
         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, id);
         return;
     }

     qdev_unplug(dev, errp);
 }

 void qdev_machine_init(void)
 {
     qdev_get_peripheral_anon();
     qdev_get_peripheral();
 }

 QemuOptsList qemu_device_opts = {
     .name = "device",
     .implied_opt_name = "driver",
     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_device_opts.head),
     .desc = {
         /*
          * no elements => accept any
          * sanity checking will happen later
          * when setting device properties
          */
         { /* end of list */ }
     },
 };

 QemuOptsList qemu_global_opts = {
     .name = "global",
     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_global_opts.head),
     .desc = {
         {
             .name = "driver",
             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
         },{
             .name = "property",
             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
         },{
             .name = "value",
             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
         },
         { /* end of list */ }
     },
 };

 int qemu_global_option(const char *str)
 {
     char driver[64], property[64];
     QemuOpts *opts;
     int rc, offset;

     rc = sscanf(str, "%63[^.].%63[^=]%n", driver, property, &offset);
     if (rc < 2 || str[offset] != '=') {
         error_report("can't parse: \"%s\"", str);
         return -1;
     }

     opts = qemu_opts_create_nofail(&qemu_global_opts);
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", driver);
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "property", property);
     qemu_opt_set(opts, "value", str+offset+1);
     return 0;
 }
	/*
	* Dynamic device configuration and creation.
	*
	* Copyright (c) 2009 CodeSourcery
	*
	* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
	* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
	* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
	* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	*
	* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
	* Lesser General Public License for more details.
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
	* License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	*/

	#include "hw/qdev.h"
	#include "hw/sysbus.h"
	#include "monitor/monitor.h"
	#include "monitor/qdev.h"
	#include "qmp-commands.h"
	#include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
	#include "qemu/config-file.h"

	/*
	* Aliases were a bad idea from the start. Let's keep them
	* from spreading further.
	*/
	typedef struct QDevAlias
	{
	const char *typename;
	const char *alias;
	uint32_t arch_mask;
	} QDevAlias;

	static const QDevAlias qdev_alias_table[] = {
	{ "virtio-blk-pci", "virtio-blk", QEMU_ARCH_ALL & ~QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
	{ "virtio-net-pci", "virtio-net", QEMU_ARCH_ALL & ~QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
	{ "virtio-serial-pci", "virtio-serial", QEMU_ARCH_ALL & ~QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
	{ "virtio-balloon-pci", "virtio-balloon",
	QEMU_ARCH_ALL & ~QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
	{ "virtio-blk-s390", "virtio-blk", QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
	{ "virtio-net-s390", "virtio-net", QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
	{ "virtio-serial-s390", "virtio-serial", QEMU_ARCH_S390X },
	{ "lsi53c895a", "lsi" },
	{ "ich9-ahci", "ahci" },
	{ "kvm-pci-assign", "pci-assign" },
	{ }
	};

	static const char qdev_class_get_alias(DeviceClass dc)
	{
	const char *typename = object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(dc));
	int i;

	for (i = 0; qdev_alias_table[i].typename; i++) {
	if (qdev_alias_table[i].arch_mask &&
	!(qdev_alias_table[i].arch_mask & arch_type)) {
	continue;
	}

	if (strcmp(qdev_alias_table[i].typename, typename) == 0) {
	return qdev_alias_table[i].alias;
	}
	}

	return NULL;
	}

	static bool qdev_class_has_alias(DeviceClass *dc)
	{
	return (qdev_class_get_alias(dc) != NULL);
	}

	static void qdev_print_class_devinfo(DeviceClass *dc)
	{
	DeviceCategory category;

	if (!dc) {
	return;
	}

	error_printf("name \"%s\"", object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(dc)));
	if (dc->bus_type) {
	error_printf(", bus %s", dc->bus_type);
	}
	if (qdev_class_has_alias(dc)) {
	error_printf(", alias \"%s\"", qdev_class_get_alias(dc));
	}
	error_printf(", categories");
	for (category = 0; category < DEVICE_CATEGORY_MAX; ++category) {
	if (test_bit(category, dc->categories)) {
	error_printf(" \"%s\"", qdev_category_get_name(category));
	}
	}
	if (dc->desc) {
	error_printf(", desc \"%s\"", dc->desc);
	}
	if (dc->no_user) {
	error_printf(", no-user");
	}
	error_printf("\n");
	}

	static void qdev_print_devinfo(ObjectClass klass, void opaque)
	{
	DeviceClass *dc;

	dc = (DeviceClass *)object_class_dynamic_cast(klass, TYPE_DEVICE);

	qdev_print_class_devinfo(dc);
	}

	static int set_property(const char name, const char value, void *opaque)
	{
	DeviceState *dev = opaque;
	Error *err = NULL;

	if (strcmp(name, "driver") == 0)
	return 0;
	if (strcmp(name, "bus") == 0)
	return 0;

	qdev_prop_parse(dev, name, value, &err);
	if (err != NULL) {
	qerror_report_err(err);
	error_free(err);
	return -1;
	}
	return 0;
	}

	static const char find_typename_by_alias(const char alias)
	{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; qdev_alias_table[i].alias; i++) {
	if (qdev_alias_table[i].arch_mask &&
	!(qdev_alias_table[i].arch_mask & arch_type)) {
	continue;
	}

	if (strcmp(qdev_alias_table[i].alias, alias) == 0) {
	return qdev_alias_table[i].typename;
	}
	}

	return NULL;
	}

	static void qdev_print_category_devices(DeviceCategory category)
	{
	DeviceClass *dc;
	GSList list, curr;

	list = object_class_get_list(TYPE_DEVICE, false);
	for (curr = list; curr; curr = g_slist_next(curr)) {
	dc = (DeviceClass *)object_class_dynamic_cast(curr->data, TYPE_DEVICE);
	if (!dc->no_user && test_bit(category, dc->categories)) {
	qdev_print_class_devinfo(dc);
	}
	}
	g_slist_free(list);
	}

	int qdev_device_help(QemuOpts *opts)
	{
	const char *driver;
	Property *prop;
	ObjectClass *klass;

	driver = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
	if (driver && is_help_option(driver)) {
	DeviceCategory category;
	for (category = 0; category < DEVICE_CATEGORY_MAX; ++category) {
	qdev_print_category_devices(category);
	}

	return 1;
	}

	if (!driver \|\| !qemu_opt_has_help_opt(opts)) {
	return 0;
	}

	klass = object_class_by_name(driver);
	if (!klass) {
	const char *typename = find_typename_by_alias(driver);

	if (typename) {
	driver = typename;
	klass = object_class_by_name(driver);
	}
	}

	if (!klass) {
	return 0;
	}
	do {
	for (prop = DEVICE_CLASS(klass)->props; prop && prop->name; prop++) {
	/*
	* TODO Properties without a parser are just for dirty hacks.
	* qdev_prop_ptr is the only such PropertyInfo. It's marked
	* for removal. This conditional should be removed along with
	* it.
	*/
	if (!prop->info->set) {
	continue; /* no way to set it, don't show */
	}
	error_printf("%s.%s=%s\n", driver, prop->name,
	prop->info->legacy_name ?: prop->info->name);
	}
	klass = object_class_get_parent(klass);
	} while (klass != object_class_by_name(TYPE_DEVICE));
	return 1;
	}

	static Object *qdev_get_peripheral(void)
	{
	static Object *dev;

	if (dev == NULL) {
	dev = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), "/peripheral");
	}

	return dev;
	}

	static Object *qdev_get_peripheral_anon(void)
	{
	static Object *dev;

	if (dev == NULL) {
	dev = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), "/peripheral-anon");
	}

	return dev;
	}

	static void qbus_list_bus(DeviceState *dev)
	{
	BusState *child;
	const char *sep = " ";

	error_printf("child busses at \"%s\":",
	dev->id ? dev->id : object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
	QLIST_FOREACH(child, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
	error_printf("%s\"%s\"", sep, child->name);
	sep = ", ";
	}
	error_printf("\n");
	}

	static void qbus_list_dev(BusState *bus)
	{
	BusChild *kid;
	const char *sep = " ";

	error_printf("devices at \"%s\":", bus->name);
	QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
	DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
	error_printf("%s\"%s\"", sep, object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
	if (dev->id)
	error_printf("/\"%s\"", dev->id);
	sep = ", ";
	}
	error_printf("\n");
	}

	static BusState qbus_find_bus(DeviceState dev, char *elem)
	{
	BusState *child;

	QLIST_FOREACH(child, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
	if (strcmp(child->name, elem) == 0) {
	return child;
	}
	}
	return NULL;
	}

	static DeviceState qbus_find_dev(BusState bus, char *elem)
	{
	BusChild *kid;

	/*
	* try to match in order:
	* (1) instance id, if present
	* (2) driver name
	* (3) driver alias, if present
	*/
	QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
	DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
	if (dev->id && strcmp(dev->id, elem) == 0) {
	return dev;
	}
	}
	QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
	DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
	if (strcmp(object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)), elem) == 0) {
	return dev;
	}
	}
	QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
	DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
	DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);

	if (qdev_class_has_alias(dc) &&
	strcmp(qdev_class_get_alias(dc), elem) == 0) {
	return dev;
	}
	}
	return NULL;
	}

	static BusState qbus_find_recursive(BusState bus, const char *name,
	const char *bus_typename)
	{
	BusClass *bus_class = BUS_GET_CLASS(bus);
	BusChild *kid;
	BusState child, ret;
	int match = 1;

	if (name && (strcmp(bus->name, name) != 0)) {
	match = 0;
	} else if (bus_typename && !object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(bus), bus_typename)) {
	match = 0;
	} else if ((bus_class->max_dev != 0) && (bus_class->max_dev <= bus->max_index)) {
	if (name != NULL) {
	/* bus was explicitly specified: return an error. */
	qerror_report(ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR, "Bus '%s' is full",
	bus->name);
	return NULL;
	} else {
	/* bus was not specified: try to find another one. */
	match = 0;
	}
	}
	if (match) {
	return bus;
	}

	QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
	DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
	QLIST_FOREACH(child, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
	ret = qbus_find_recursive(child, name, bus_typename);
	if (ret) {
	return ret;
	}
	}
	}
	return NULL;
	}

	static BusState qbus_find(const char path)
	{
	DeviceState *dev;
	BusState *bus;
	char elem[128];
	int pos, len;

	/* find start element */
	if (path[0] == '/') {
	bus = sysbus_get_default();
	pos = 0;
	} else {
	if (sscanf(path, "%127[^/]%n", elem, &len) != 1) {
	assert(!path[0]);
	elem[0] = len = 0;
	}
	bus = qbus_find_recursive(sysbus_get_default(), elem, NULL);
	if (!bus) {
	qerror_report(QERR_BUS_NOT_FOUND, elem);
	return NULL;
	}
	pos = len;
	}

	for (;;) {
	assert(path[pos] == '/' \|\| !path[pos]);
	while (path[pos] == '/') {
	pos++;
	}
	if (path[pos] == '\0') {
	return bus;
	}

	/* find device */
	if (sscanf(path+pos, "%127[^/]%n", elem, &len) != 1) {
	g_assert_not_reached();
	elem[0] = len = 0;
	}
	pos += len;
	dev = qbus_find_dev(bus, elem);
	if (!dev) {
	qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, elem);
	if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp()) {
	qbus_list_dev(bus);
	}
	return NULL;
	}

	assert(path[pos] == '/' \|\| !path[pos]);
	while (path[pos] == '/') {
	pos++;
	}
	if (path[pos] == '\0') {
	/* last specified element is a device. If it has exactly
	* one child bus accept it nevertheless */
	switch (dev->num_child_bus) {
	case 0:
	qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NO_BUS, elem);
	return NULL;
	case 1:
	return QLIST_FIRST(&dev->child_bus);
	default:
	qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_MULTIPLE_BUSSES, elem);
	if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp()) {
	qbus_list_bus(dev);
	}
	return NULL;
	}
	}

	/* find bus */
	if (sscanf(path+pos, "%127[^/]%n", elem, &len) != 1) {
	g_assert_not_reached();
	elem[0] = len = 0;
	}
	pos += len;
	bus = qbus_find_bus(dev, elem);
	if (!bus) {
	qerror_report(QERR_BUS_NOT_FOUND, elem);
	if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp()) {
	qbus_list_bus(dev);
	}
	return NULL;
	}
	}
	}

	DeviceState qdev_device_add(QemuOpts opts)
	{
	ObjectClass *obj;
	DeviceClass *k;
	const char driver, path, *id;
	DeviceState *qdev;
	BusState *bus = NULL;

	driver = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
	if (!driver) {
	qerror_report(QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "driver");
	return NULL;
	}

	/* find driver */
	obj = object_class_by_name(driver);
	if (!obj) {
	const char *typename = find_typename_by_alias(driver);

	if (typename) {
	driver = typename;
	obj = object_class_by_name(driver);
	}
	}

	if (!obj) {
	qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "driver", "device type");
	return NULL;
	}

	if (object_class_is_abstract(obj)) {
	qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "driver",
	"non-abstract device type");
	return NULL;
	}

	k = DEVICE_CLASS(obj);

	/* find bus */
	path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "bus");
	if (path != NULL) {
	bus = qbus_find(path);
	if (!bus) {
	return NULL;
	}
	if (!object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(bus), k->bus_type)) {
	qerror_report(QERR_BAD_BUS_FOR_DEVICE,
	driver, object_get_typename(OBJECT(bus)));
	return NULL;
	}
	} else if (k->bus_type != NULL) {
	bus = qbus_find_recursive(sysbus_get_default(), NULL, k->bus_type);
	if (!bus) {
	qerror_report(QERR_NO_BUS_FOR_DEVICE,
	k->bus_type, driver);
	return NULL;
	}
	}
	if (qdev_hotplug && bus && !bus->allow_hotplug) {
	qerror_report(QERR_BUS_NO_HOTPLUG, bus->name);
	return NULL;
	}

	/* create device, set properties */
	qdev = DEVICE(object_new(driver));

	if (bus) {
	qdev_set_parent_bus(qdev, bus);
	}

	id = qemu_opts_id(opts);
	if (id) {
	qdev->id = id;
	}
	if (qemu_opt_foreach(opts, set_property, qdev, 1) != 0) {
	qdev_free(qdev);
	object_unref(OBJECT(qdev));
	return NULL;
	}
	if (qdev->id) {
	object_property_add_child(qdev_get_peripheral(), qdev->id,
	OBJECT(qdev), NULL);
	} else {
	static int anon_count;
	gchar *name = g_strdup_printf("device[%d]", anon_count++);
	object_property_add_child(qdev_get_peripheral_anon(), name,
	OBJECT(qdev), NULL);
	g_free(name);
	}
	if (qdev_init(qdev) < 0) {
	object_unref(OBJECT(qdev));
	qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_INIT_FAILED, driver);
	return NULL;
	}
	qdev->opts = opts;
	return qdev;
	}


	#define qdev_printf(fmt, ...) monitor_printf(mon, "%*s" fmt, indent, "", ## __VA_ARGS__)
	static void qbus_print(Monitor mon, BusState bus, int indent);

	static void qdev_print_props(Monitor mon, DeviceState dev, Property *props,
	int indent)
	{
	if (!props)
	return;
	for (; props->name; props++) {
	Error *err = NULL;
	char *value;
	char *legacy_name = g_strdup_printf("legacy-%s", props->name);
	if (object_property_get_type(OBJECT(dev), legacy_name, NULL)) {
	value = object_property_get_str(OBJECT(dev), legacy_name, &err);
	} else {
	value = object_property_print(OBJECT(dev), props->name, &err);
	}
	g_free(legacy_name);

	if (err) {
	error_free(err);
	continue;
	}
	qdev_printf("%s = %s\n", props->name,
	value && *value ? value : "<null>");
	g_free(value);
	}
	}

	static void bus_print_dev(BusState bus, Monitor mon, DeviceState *dev, int indent)
	{
	BusClass *bc = BUS_GET_CLASS(bus);

	if (bc->print_dev) {
	bc->print_dev(mon, dev, indent);
	}
	}

	static void qdev_print(Monitor mon, DeviceState dev, int indent)
	{
	ObjectClass *class;
	BusState *child;
	qdev_printf("dev: %s, id \"%s\"\n", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)),
	dev->id ? dev->id : "");
	indent += 2;
	if (dev->num_gpio_in) {
	qdev_printf("gpio-in %d\n", dev->num_gpio_in);
	}
	if (dev->num_gpio_out) {
	qdev_printf("gpio-out %d\n", dev->num_gpio_out);
	}
	class = object_get_class(OBJECT(dev));
	do {
	qdev_print_props(mon, dev, DEVICE_CLASS(class)->props, indent);
	class = object_class_get_parent(class);
	} while (class != object_class_by_name(TYPE_DEVICE));
	bus_print_dev(dev->parent_bus, mon, dev, indent);
	QLIST_FOREACH(child, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
	qbus_print(mon, child, indent);
	}
	}

	static void qbus_print(Monitor mon, BusState bus, int indent)
	{
	BusChild *kid;

	qdev_printf("bus: %s\n", bus->name);
	indent += 2;
	qdev_printf("type %s\n", object_get_typename(OBJECT(bus)));
	QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
	DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
	qdev_print(mon, dev, indent);
	}
	}
	#undef qdev_printf

	void do_info_qtree(Monitor mon, const QDict qdict)
	{
	if (sysbus_get_default())
	qbus_print(mon, sysbus_get_default(), 0);
	}

	void do_info_qdm(Monitor mon, const QDict qdict)
	{
	object_class_foreach(qdev_print_devinfo, TYPE_DEVICE, false, NULL);
	}

	int do_device_add(Monitor mon, const QDict qdict, QObject **ret_data)
	{
	Error *local_err = NULL;
	QemuOpts *opts;
	DeviceState *dev;

	opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(qemu_find_opts("device"), qdict, &local_err);
	if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
	qerror_report_err(local_err);
	error_free(local_err);
	return -1;
	}
	if (!monitor_cur_is_qmp() && qdev_device_help(opts)) {
	qemu_opts_del(opts);
	return 0;
	}
	dev = qdev_device_add(opts);
	if (!dev) {
	qemu_opts_del(opts);
	return -1;
	}
	object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
	return 0;
	}

	void qmp_device_del(const char id, Error *errp)
	{
	DeviceState *dev;

	dev = qdev_find_recursive(sysbus_get_default(), id);
	if (NULL == dev) {
	error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, id);
	return;
	}

	qdev_unplug(dev, errp);
	}

	void qdev_machine_init(void)
	{
	qdev_get_peripheral_anon();
	qdev_get_peripheral();
	}

	QemuOptsList qemu_device_opts = {
	.name = "device",
	.implied_opt_name = "driver",
	.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_device_opts.head),
	.desc = {
	/*
	* no elements => accept any
	* sanity checking will happen later
	* when setting device properties
	*/
	{ /* end of list */ }
	},
	};

	QemuOptsList qemu_global_opts = {
	.name = "global",
	.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_global_opts.head),
	.desc = {
	{
	.name = "driver",
	.type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
	},{
	.name = "property",
	.type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
	},{
	.name = "value",
	.type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
	},
	{ /* end of list */ }
	},
	};

	int qemu_global_option(const char *str)
	{
	char driver[64], property[64];
	QemuOpts *opts;
	int rc, offset;

	rc = sscanf(str, "%63[^.].%63[^=]%n", driver, property, &offset);
	if (rc < 2 \|\| str[offset] != '=') {
	error_report("can't parse: \"%s\"", str);
	return -1;
	}

	opts = qemu_opts_create_nofail(&qemu_global_opts);
	qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", driver);
	qemu_opt_set(opts, "property", property);
	qemu_opt_set(opts, "value", str+offset+1);
	return 0;
	}