| /* |
| * QEMU disk image utility |
| * |
| * Copyright (c) 2003-2007 Fabrice Bellard |
| * |
| * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy |
| * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal |
| * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights |
| * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell |
| * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is |
| * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: |
| * |
| * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in |
| * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. |
| * |
| * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR |
| * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, |
| * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL |
| * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER |
| * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, |
| * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN |
| * THE SOFTWARE. |
| */ |
| #include "vl.h" |
| #include "block_int.h" |
| #include <assert.h> |
| |
| #ifdef _WIN32 |
| #include <windows.h> |
| #endif |
| |
| void *get_mmap_addr(unsigned long size) |
| { |
| return NULL; |
| } |
| |
| void qemu_free(void *ptr) |
| { |
| free(ptr); |
| } |
| |
| void *qemu_malloc(size_t size) |
| { |
| return malloc(size); |
| } |
| |
| void *qemu_mallocz(size_t size) |
| { |
| void *ptr; |
| ptr = qemu_malloc(size); |
| if (!ptr) |
| return NULL; |
| memset(ptr, 0, size); |
| return ptr; |
| } |
| |
| char *qemu_strdup(const char *str) |
| { |
| char *ptr; |
| ptr = qemu_malloc(strlen(str) + 1); |
| if (!ptr) |
| return NULL; |
| strcpy(ptr, str); |
| return ptr; |
| } |
| |
| void term_printf(const char *fmt, ...) |
| { |
| va_list ap; |
| va_start(ap, fmt); |
| vprintf(fmt, ap); |
| va_end(ap); |
| } |
| |
| void term_print_filename(const char *filename) |
| { |
| term_printf(filename); |
| } |
| |
| void __attribute__((noreturn)) error(const char *fmt, ...) |
| { |
| va_list ap; |
| va_start(ap, fmt); |
| fprintf(stderr, "qemu-img: "); |
| vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap); |
| fprintf(stderr, "\n"); |
| exit(1); |
| va_end(ap); |
| } |
| |
| static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name) |
| { |
| printf(" %s", name); |
| } |
| |
| void help(void) |
| { |
| printf("qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2004-2007 Fabrice Bellard\n" |
| "usage: qemu-img command [command options]\n" |
| "QEMU disk image utility\n" |
| "\n" |
| "Command syntax:\n" |
| " create [-e] [-6] [-b base_image] [-f fmt] filename [size]\n" |
| " commit [-f fmt] filename\n" |
| " convert [-c] [-e] [-6] [-f fmt] filename [filename2 [...]] [-O output_fmt] output_filename\n" |
| " info [-f fmt] filename\n" |
| "\n" |
| "Command parameters:\n" |
| " 'filename' is a disk image filename\n" |
| " 'base_image' is the read-only disk image which is used as base for a copy on\n" |
| " write image; the copy on write image only stores the modified data\n" |
| " 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n" |
| " 'size' is the disk image size in kilobytes. Optional suffixes 'M' (megabyte)\n" |
| " and 'G' (gigabyte) are supported\n" |
| " 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n" |
| " 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n" |
| " '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n" |
| " '-e' indicates that the target image must be encrypted (qcow format only)\n" |
| " '-6' indicates that the target image must use compatibility level 6 (vmdk format only)\n" |
| ); |
| printf("\nSupported format:"); |
| bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL); |
| printf("\n"); |
| exit(1); |
| } |
| |
| #if defined(WIN32) |
| /* XXX: put correct support for win32 */ |
| static int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size) |
| { |
| int c, i; |
| printf("Password: "); |
| fflush(stdout); |
| i = 0; |
| for(;;) { |
| c = getchar(); |
| if (c == '\n') |
| break; |
| if (i < (buf_size - 1)) |
| buf[i++] = c; |
| } |
| buf[i] = '\0'; |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| #else |
| |
| #include <termios.h> |
| |
| static struct termios oldtty; |
| |
| static void term_exit(void) |
| { |
| tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &oldtty); |
| } |
| |
| static void term_init(void) |
| { |
| struct termios tty; |
| |
| tcgetattr (0, &tty); |
| oldtty = tty; |
| |
| tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP |
| |INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON); |
| tty.c_oflag |= OPOST; |
| tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|IEXTEN); |
| tty.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB); |
| tty.c_cflag |= CS8; |
| tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1; |
| tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; |
| |
| tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty); |
| |
| atexit(term_exit); |
| } |
| |
| int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size) |
| { |
| uint8_t ch; |
| int i, ret; |
| |
| printf("password: "); |
| fflush(stdout); |
| term_init(); |
| i = 0; |
| for(;;) { |
| ret = read(0, &ch, 1); |
| if (ret == -1) { |
| if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR) { |
| continue; |
| } else { |
| ret = -1; |
| break; |
| } |
| } else if (ret == 0) { |
| ret = -1; |
| break; |
| } else { |
| if (ch == '\r') { |
| ret = 0; |
| break; |
| } |
| if (i < (buf_size - 1)) |
| buf[i++] = ch; |
| } |
| } |
| term_exit(); |
| buf[i] = '\0'; |
| printf("\n"); |
| return ret; |
| } |
| #endif |
| |
| static BlockDriverState *bdrv_new_open(const char *filename, |
| const char *fmt) |
| { |
| BlockDriverState *bs; |
| BlockDriver *drv; |
| char password[256]; |
| |
| bs = bdrv_new(""); |
| if (!bs) |
| error("Not enough memory"); |
| if (fmt) { |
| drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt); |
| if (!drv) |
| error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt); |
| } else { |
| drv = NULL; |
| } |
| if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) { |
| error("Could not open '%s'", filename); |
| } |
| if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs)) { |
| printf("Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", filename); |
| if (read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0) |
| error("No password given"); |
| if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) |
| error("invalid password"); |
| } |
| return bs; |
| } |
| |
| static int img_create(int argc, char **argv) |
| { |
| int c, ret, flags; |
| const char *fmt = "raw"; |
| const char *filename; |
| const char *base_filename = NULL; |
| int64_t size; |
| const char *p; |
| BlockDriver *drv; |
| |
| flags = 0; |
| for(;;) { |
| c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:f:he6"); |
| if (c == -1) |
| break; |
| switch(c) { |
| case 'h': |
| help(); |
| break; |
| case 'b': |
| base_filename = optarg; |
| break; |
| case 'f': |
| fmt = optarg; |
| break; |
| case 'e': |
| flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT; |
| break; |
| case '6': |
| flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6; |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| if (optind >= argc) |
| help(); |
| filename = argv[optind++]; |
| size = 0; |
| if (base_filename) { |
| BlockDriverState *bs; |
| bs = bdrv_new_open(base_filename, NULL); |
| bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &size); |
| size *= 512; |
| bdrv_delete(bs); |
| } else { |
| if (optind >= argc) |
| help(); |
| p = argv[optind]; |
| size = strtoul(p, (char **)&p, 0); |
| if (*p == 'M') { |
| size *= 1024 * 1024; |
| } else if (*p == 'G') { |
| size *= 1024 * 1024 * 1024; |
| } else if (*p == 'k' || *p == 'K' || *p == '\0') { |
| size *= 1024; |
| } else { |
| help(); |
| } |
| } |
| drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt); |
| if (!drv) |
| error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt); |
| printf("Formatting '%s', fmt=%s", |
| filename, fmt); |
| if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT) |
| printf(", encrypted"); |
| if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6) |
| printf(", compatibility level=6"); |
| if (base_filename) { |
| printf(", backing_file=%s", |
| base_filename); |
| } |
| printf(", size=%" PRId64 " kB\n", (int64_t) (size / 1024)); |
| ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, size / 512, base_filename, flags); |
| if (ret < 0) { |
| if (ret == -ENOTSUP) { |
| error("Formatting or formatting option not supported for file format '%s'", fmt); |
| } else { |
| error("Error while formatting"); |
| } |
| } |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv) |
| { |
| int c, ret; |
| const char *filename, *fmt; |
| BlockDriver *drv; |
| BlockDriverState *bs; |
| |
| fmt = NULL; |
| for(;;) { |
| c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h"); |
| if (c == -1) |
| break; |
| switch(c) { |
| case 'h': |
| help(); |
| break; |
| case 'f': |
| fmt = optarg; |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| if (optind >= argc) |
| help(); |
| filename = argv[optind++]; |
| |
| bs = bdrv_new(""); |
| if (!bs) |
| error("Not enough memory"); |
| if (fmt) { |
| drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt); |
| if (!drv) |
| error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt); |
| } else { |
| drv = NULL; |
| } |
| if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) { |
| error("Could not open '%s'", filename); |
| } |
| ret = bdrv_commit(bs); |
| switch(ret) { |
| case 0: |
| printf("Image committed.\n"); |
| break; |
| case -ENOENT: |
| error("No disk inserted"); |
| break; |
| case -EACCES: |
| error("Image is read-only"); |
| break; |
| case -ENOTSUP: |
| error("Image is already committed"); |
| break; |
| default: |
| error("Error while committing image"); |
| break; |
| } |
| |
| bdrv_delete(bs); |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| static int is_not_zero(const uint8_t *sector, int len) |
| { |
| int i; |
| len >>= 2; |
| for(i = 0;i < len; i++) { |
| if (((uint32_t *)sector)[i] != 0) |
| return 1; |
| } |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum) |
| { |
| int v, i; |
| |
| if (n <= 0) { |
| *pnum = 0; |
| return 0; |
| } |
| v = is_not_zero(buf, 512); |
| for(i = 1; i < n; i++) { |
| buf += 512; |
| if (v != is_not_zero(buf, 512)) |
| break; |
| } |
| *pnum = i; |
| return v; |
| } |
| |
| #define IO_BUF_SIZE 65536 |
| |
| static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv) |
| { |
| int c, ret, n, n1, bs_n, bs_i, flags, cluster_size, cluster_sectors; |
| const char *fmt, *out_fmt, *out_filename; |
| BlockDriver *drv; |
| BlockDriverState **bs, *out_bs; |
| int64_t total_sectors, nb_sectors, sector_num, bs_offset, bs_sectors; |
| uint8_t buf[IO_BUF_SIZE]; |
| const uint8_t *buf1; |
| BlockDriverInfo bdi; |
| |
| fmt = NULL; |
| out_fmt = "raw"; |
| flags = 0; |
| for(;;) { |
| c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:O:hce6"); |
| if (c == -1) |
| break; |
| switch(c) { |
| case 'h': |
| help(); |
| break; |
| case 'f': |
| fmt = optarg; |
| break; |
| case 'O': |
| out_fmt = optarg; |
| break; |
| case 'c': |
| flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS; |
| break; |
| case 'e': |
| flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT; |
| break; |
| case '6': |
| flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6; |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| bs_n = argc - optind - 1; |
| if (bs_n < 1) help(); |
| |
| out_filename = argv[argc - 1]; |
| |
| bs = calloc(bs_n, sizeof(BlockDriverState *)); |
| if (!bs) |
| error("Out of memory"); |
| |
| total_sectors = 0; |
| for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) { |
| bs[bs_i] = bdrv_new_open(argv[optind + bs_i], fmt); |
| if (!bs[bs_i]) |
| error("Could not open '%s'", argv[optind + bs_i]); |
| bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors); |
| total_sectors += bs_sectors; |
| } |
| |
| drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt); |
| if (!drv) |
| error("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt); |
| if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2) |
| error("Compression not supported for this file format"); |
| if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2) |
| error("Encryption not supported for this file format"); |
| if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 && drv != &bdrv_vmdk) |
| error("Alternative compatibility level not supported for this file format"); |
| if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT && flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS) |
| error("Compression and encryption not supported at the same time"); |
| |
| ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, total_sectors, NULL, flags); |
| if (ret < 0) { |
| if (ret == -ENOTSUP) { |
| error("Formatting not supported for file format '%s'", fmt); |
| } else { |
| error("Error while formatting '%s'", out_filename); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| out_bs = bdrv_new_open(out_filename, out_fmt); |
| |
| bs_i = 0; |
| bs_offset = 0; |
| bdrv_get_geometry(bs[0], &bs_sectors); |
| |
| if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS) { |
| if (bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi) < 0) |
| error("could not get block driver info"); |
| cluster_size = bdi.cluster_size; |
| if (cluster_size <= 0 || cluster_size > IO_BUF_SIZE) |
| error("invalid cluster size"); |
| cluster_sectors = cluster_size >> 9; |
| sector_num = 0; |
| for(;;) { |
| int64_t bs_num; |
| int remainder; |
| uint8_t *buf2; |
| |
| nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num; |
| if (nb_sectors <= 0) |
| break; |
| if (nb_sectors >= cluster_sectors) |
| n = cluster_sectors; |
| else |
| n = nb_sectors; |
| |
| bs_num = sector_num - bs_offset; |
| assert (bs_num >= 0); |
| remainder = n; |
| buf2 = buf; |
| while (remainder > 0) { |
| int nlow; |
| while (bs_num == bs_sectors) { |
| bs_i++; |
| assert (bs_i < bs_n); |
| bs_offset += bs_sectors; |
| bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors); |
| bs_num = 0; |
| /* printf("changing part: sector_num=%lld, " |
| "bs_i=%d, bs_offset=%lld, bs_sectors=%lld\n", |
| sector_num, bs_i, bs_offset, bs_sectors); */ |
| } |
| assert (bs_num < bs_sectors); |
| |
| nlow = (remainder > bs_sectors - bs_num) ? bs_sectors - bs_num : remainder; |
| |
| if (bdrv_read(bs[bs_i], bs_num, buf2, nlow) < 0) |
| error("error while reading"); |
| |
| buf2 += nlow * 512; |
| bs_num += nlow; |
| |
| remainder -= nlow; |
| } |
| assert (remainder == 0); |
| |
| if (n < cluster_sectors) |
| memset(buf + n * 512, 0, cluster_size - n * 512); |
| if (is_not_zero(buf, cluster_size)) { |
| if (bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, sector_num, buf, |
| cluster_sectors) != 0) |
| error("error while compressing sector %" PRId64, |
| sector_num); |
| } |
| sector_num += n; |
| } |
| /* signal EOF to align */ |
| bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, 0, NULL, 0); |
| } else { |
| sector_num = 0; |
| for(;;) { |
| nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num; |
| if (nb_sectors <= 0) |
| break; |
| if (nb_sectors >= (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512)) |
| n = (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512); |
| else |
| n = nb_sectors; |
| |
| while (sector_num - bs_offset >= bs_sectors) { |
| bs_i ++; |
| assert (bs_i < bs_n); |
| bs_offset += bs_sectors; |
| bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors); |
| /* printf("changing part: sector_num=%lld, bs_i=%d, " |
| "bs_offset=%lld, bs_sectors=%lld\n", |
| sector_num, bs_i, bs_offset, bs_sectors); */ |
| } |
| |
| if (n > bs_offset + bs_sectors - sector_num) |
| n = bs_offset + bs_sectors - sector_num; |
| |
| if (bdrv_read(bs[bs_i], sector_num - bs_offset, buf, n) < 0) |
| error("error while reading"); |
| /* NOTE: at the same time we convert, we do not write zero |
| sectors to have a chance to compress the image. Ideally, we |
| should add a specific call to have the info to go faster */ |
| buf1 = buf; |
| while (n > 0) { |
| if (is_allocated_sectors(buf1, n, &n1)) { |
| if (bdrv_write(out_bs, sector_num, buf1, n1) < 0) |
| error("error while writing"); |
| } |
| sector_num += n1; |
| n -= n1; |
| buf1 += n1 * 512; |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| bdrv_delete(out_bs); |
| for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) |
| bdrv_delete(bs[bs_i]); |
| free(bs); |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| #ifdef _WIN32 |
| static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename) |
| { |
| typedef DWORD (WINAPI * get_compressed_t)(const char *filename, DWORD *high); |
| get_compressed_t get_compressed; |
| struct _stati64 st; |
| |
| /* WinNT support GetCompressedFileSize to determine allocate size */ |
| get_compressed = (get_compressed_t) GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("kernel32"), "GetCompressedFileSizeA"); |
| if (get_compressed) { |
| DWORD high, low; |
| low = get_compressed(filename, &high); |
| if (low != 0xFFFFFFFFlu || GetLastError() == NO_ERROR) |
| return (((int64_t) high) << 32) + low; |
| } |
| |
| if (_stati64(filename, &st) < 0) |
| return -1; |
| return st.st_size; |
| } |
| #else |
| static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename) |
| { |
| struct stat st; |
| if (stat(filename, &st) < 0) |
| return -1; |
| return (int64_t)st.st_blocks * 512; |
| } |
| #endif |
| |
| static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs) |
| { |
| QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_tab, *sn; |
| int nb_sns, i; |
| char buf[256]; |
| |
| nb_sns = bdrv_snapshot_list(bs, &sn_tab); |
| if (nb_sns <= 0) |
| return; |
| printf("Snapshot list:\n"); |
| printf("%s\n", bdrv_snapshot_dump(buf, sizeof(buf), NULL)); |
| for(i = 0; i < nb_sns; i++) { |
| sn = &sn_tab[i]; |
| printf("%s\n", bdrv_snapshot_dump(buf, sizeof(buf), sn)); |
| } |
| qemu_free(sn_tab); |
| } |
| |
| static int img_info(int argc, char **argv) |
| { |
| int c; |
| const char *filename, *fmt; |
| BlockDriver *drv; |
| BlockDriverState *bs; |
| char fmt_name[128], size_buf[128], dsize_buf[128]; |
| int64_t total_sectors, allocated_size; |
| char backing_filename[1024]; |
| char backing_filename2[1024]; |
| BlockDriverInfo bdi; |
| |
| fmt = NULL; |
| for(;;) { |
| c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h"); |
| if (c == -1) |
| break; |
| switch(c) { |
| case 'h': |
| help(); |
| break; |
| case 'f': |
| fmt = optarg; |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| if (optind >= argc) |
| help(); |
| filename = argv[optind++]; |
| |
| bs = bdrv_new(""); |
| if (!bs) |
| error("Not enough memory"); |
| if (fmt) { |
| drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt); |
| if (!drv) |
| error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt); |
| } else { |
| drv = NULL; |
| } |
| if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) { |
| error("Could not open '%s'", filename); |
| } |
| bdrv_get_format(bs, fmt_name, sizeof(fmt_name)); |
| bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &total_sectors); |
| get_human_readable_size(size_buf, sizeof(size_buf), total_sectors * 512); |
| allocated_size = get_allocated_file_size(filename); |
| if (allocated_size < 0) |
| sprintf(dsize_buf, "unavailable"); |
| else |
| get_human_readable_size(dsize_buf, sizeof(dsize_buf), |
| allocated_size); |
| printf("image: %s\n" |
| "file format: %s\n" |
| "virtual size: %s (%" PRId64 " bytes)\n" |
| "disk size: %s\n", |
| filename, fmt_name, size_buf, |
| (total_sectors * 512), |
| dsize_buf); |
| if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs)) |
| printf("encrypted: yes\n"); |
| if (bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi) >= 0) { |
| if (bdi.cluster_size != 0) |
| printf("cluster_size: %d\n", bdi.cluster_size); |
| } |
| bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_filename, sizeof(backing_filename)); |
| if (backing_filename[0] != '\0') { |
| path_combine(backing_filename2, sizeof(backing_filename2), |
| filename, backing_filename); |
| printf("backing file: %s (actual path: %s)\n", |
| backing_filename, |
| backing_filename2); |
| } |
| dump_snapshots(bs); |
| bdrv_delete(bs); |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| int main(int argc, char **argv) |
| { |
| const char *cmd; |
| |
| bdrv_init(); |
| if (argc < 2) |
| help(); |
| cmd = argv[1]; |
| optind++; |
| if (!strcmp(cmd, "create")) { |
| img_create(argc, argv); |
| } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "commit")) { |
| img_commit(argc, argv); |
| } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "convert")) { |
| img_convert(argc, argv); |
| } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "info")) { |
| img_info(argc, argv); |
| } else { |
| help(); |
| } |
| return 0; |
| } |
