| |
| Removed features |
| ================ |
| |
| What follows is a record of recently removed, formerly deprecated |
| features that serves as a record for users who have encountered |
| trouble after a recent upgrade. |
| |
| System emulator command line arguments |
| -------------------------------------- |
| |
| ``-hdachs`` (removed in 2.12) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The geometry defined by ``-hdachs c,h,s,t`` should now be specified via |
| ``-device ide-hd,drive=dr,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s,bios-chs-trans=t`` |
| (together with ``-drive if=none,id=dr,...``). |
| |
| ``-net channel`` (removed in 2.12) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This option has been replaced by ``-net user,guestfwd=...``. |
| |
| ``-net dump`` (removed in 2.12) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| ``-net dump[,vlan=n][,file=filename][,len=maxlen]`` has been replaced by |
| ``-object filter-dump,id=id,netdev=dev[,file=filename][,maxlen=maxlen]``. |
| Note that the new syntax works with netdev IDs instead of the old "vlan" hubs. |
| |
| ``-no-kvm-pit`` (removed in 2.12) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This was just a dummy option that has been ignored, since the in-kernel PIT |
| cannot be disabled separately from the irqchip anymore. A similar effect |
| (which also disables the KVM IOAPIC) can be obtained with |
| ``-M kernel_irqchip=split``. |
| |
| ``-tdf`` (removed in 2.12) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| There is no replacement, the ``-tdf`` option has just been ignored since the |
| behaviour that could be changed by this option in qemu-kvm is now the default |
| when using the KVM PIT. It still can be requested explicitly using |
| ``-global kvm-pit.lost_tick_policy=delay``. |
| |
| ``-drive secs=s``, ``-drive heads=h`` & ``-drive cyls=c`` (removed in 3.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The drive geometry should now be specified via |
| ``-device ...,drive=dr,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s`` (together with |
| ``-drive if=none,id=dr,...``). |
| |
| ``-drive serial=``, ``-drive trans=`` & ``-drive addr=`` (removed in 3.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-device ...,drive=dr,serial=r,bios-chs-trans=t,addr=a`` instead |
| (together with ``-drive if=none,id=dr,...``). |
| |
| ``-net ...,vlan=x`` (removed in 3.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The term "vlan" was very confusing for most users in this context (it's about |
| specifying a hub ID, not about IEEE 802.1Q or something similar), so this |
| has been removed. To connect one NIC frontend with a network backend, either |
| use ``-nic ...`` (e.g. for on-board NICs) or use ``-netdev ...,id=n`` together |
| with ``-device ...,netdev=n`` (for full control over pluggable NICs). To |
| connect multiple NICs or network backends via a hub device (which is what |
| vlan did), use ``-nic hubport,hubid=x,...`` or |
| ``-netdev hubport,id=n,hubid=x,...`` (with ``-device ...,netdev=n``) instead. |
| |
| ``-no-kvm-irqchip`` (removed in 3.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-machine kernel_irqchip=off`` instead. |
| |
| ``-no-kvm-pit-reinjection`` (removed in 3.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-global kvm-pit.lost_tick_policy=discard`` instead. |
| |
| ``-balloon`` (removed in 3.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-balloon virtio`` option has been replaced by ``-device virtio-balloon``. |
| The ``-balloon none`` option was a no-op and has no replacement. |
| |
| ``-bootp`` (removed in 3.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-bootp /some/file`` argument is replaced by either |
| ``-netdev user,id=x,bootp=/some/file`` (for pluggable NICs, accompanied with |
| ``-device ...,netdev=x``), or ``-nic user,bootp=/some/file`` (for on-board NICs). |
| The new syntax allows different settings to be provided per NIC. |
| |
| ``-redir`` (removed in 3.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-redir [tcp|udp]:hostport:[guestaddr]:guestport`` option is replaced |
| by either ``-netdev |
| user,id=x,hostfwd=[tcp|udp]:[hostaddr]:hostport-[guestaddr]:guestport`` |
| (for pluggable NICs, accompanied with ``-device ...,netdev=x``) or by the option |
| ``-nic user,hostfwd=[tcp|udp]:[hostaddr]:hostport-[guestaddr]:guestport`` |
| (for on-board NICs). The new syntax allows different settings to be provided |
| per NIC. |
| |
| ``-smb`` (removed in 3.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-smb /some/dir`` argument is replaced by either |
| ``-netdev user,id=x,smb=/some/dir`` (for pluggable NICs, accompanied with |
| ``-device ...,netdev=x``), or ``-nic user,smb=/some/dir`` (for on-board NICs). |
| The new syntax allows different settings to be provided per NIC. |
| |
| ``-tftp`` (removed in 3.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-tftp /some/dir`` argument is replaced by either |
| ``-netdev user,id=x,tftp=/some/dir`` (for pluggable NICs, accompanied with |
| ``-device ...,netdev=x``), or ``-nic user,tftp=/some/dir`` (for embedded NICs). |
| The new syntax allows different settings to be provided per NIC. |
| |
| ``-localtime`` (removed in 3.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Replaced by ``-rtc base=localtime``. |
| |
| ``-nodefconfig`` (removed in 3.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-no-user-config`` instead. |
| |
| ``-rtc-td-hack`` (removed in 3.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-rtc driftfix=slew`` instead. |
| |
| ``-startdate`` (removed in 3.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Replaced by ``-rtc base=date``. |
| |
| ``-vnc ...,tls=...``, ``-vnc ...,x509=...`` & ``-vnc ...,x509verify=...`` (removed in 3.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The "tls-creds" option should be used instead to point to a "tls-creds-x509" |
| object created using "-object". |
| |
| ``-mem-path`` fallback to RAM (removed in 5.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| If guest RAM allocation from file pointed by ``mem-path`` failed, |
| QEMU was falling back to allocating from RAM, which might have resulted |
| in unpredictable behavior since the backing file specified by the user |
| as ignored. Currently, users are responsible for making sure the backing storage |
| specified with ``-mem-path`` can actually provide the guest RAM configured with |
| ``-m`` and QEMU fails to start up if RAM allocation is unsuccessful. |
| |
| ``-net ...,name=...`` (removed in 5.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``name`` parameter of the ``-net`` option was a synonym |
| for the ``id`` parameter, which should now be used instead. |
| |
| ``-numa node,mem=...`` (removed in 5.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The parameter ``mem`` of ``-numa node`` was used to assign a part of guest RAM |
| to a NUMA node. But when using it, it's impossible to manage a specified RAM |
| chunk on the host side (like bind it to a host node, setting bind policy, ...), |
| so the guest ends up with the fake NUMA configuration with suboptiomal |
| performance. |
| However since 2014 there is an alternative way to assign RAM to a NUMA node |
| using parameter ``memdev``, which does the same as ``mem`` and adds |
| means to actually manage node RAM on the host side. Use parameter ``memdev`` |
| with *memory-backend-ram* backend as replacement for parameter ``mem`` |
| to achieve the same fake NUMA effect or a properly configured |
| *memory-backend-file* backend to actually benefit from NUMA configuration. |
| New machine versions (since 5.1) will not accept the option but it will still |
| work with old machine types. User can check the QAPI schema to see if the legacy |
| option is supported by looking at MachineInfo::numa-mem-supported property. |
| |
| ``-numa`` node (without memory specified) (removed in 5.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Splitting RAM by default between NUMA nodes had the same issues as ``mem`` |
| parameter with the difference that the role of the user plays QEMU using |
| implicit generic or board specific splitting rule. |
| Use ``memdev`` with *memory-backend-ram* backend or ``mem`` (if |
| it's supported by used machine type) to define mapping explicitly instead. |
| Users of existing VMs, wishing to preserve the same RAM distribution, should |
| configure it explicitly using ``-numa node,memdev`` options. Current RAM |
| distribution can be retrieved using HMP command ``info numa`` and if separate |
| memory devices (pc|nv-dimm) are present use ``info memory-device`` and subtract |
| device memory from output of ``info numa``. |
| |
| ``-smp`` (invalid topologies) (removed in 5.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| CPU topology properties should describe whole machine topology including |
| possible CPUs. |
| |
| However, historically it was possible to start QEMU with an incorrect topology |
| where *n* <= *sockets* * *cores* * *threads* < *maxcpus*, |
| which could lead to an incorrect topology enumeration by the guest. |
| Support for invalid topologies is removed, the user must ensure |
| topologies described with -smp include all possible cpus, i.e. |
| *sockets* * *cores* * *threads* = *maxcpus*. |
| |
| ``-machine enforce-config-section=on|off`` (removed in 5.2) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``enforce-config-section`` property was replaced by the |
| ``-global migration.send-configuration={on|off}`` option. |
| |
| ``-no-kvm`` (removed in 5.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-no-kvm`` argument was a synonym for setting ``-machine accel=tcg``. |
| |
| ``-realtime`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-realtime mlock=on|off`` argument has been replaced by the |
| ``-overcommit mem-lock=on|off`` argument. |
| |
| ``-show-cursor`` option (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-display sdl,show-cursor=on``, ``-display gtk,show-cursor=on`` |
| or ``-display default,show-cursor=on`` instead. |
| |
| ``-tb-size`` option (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| QEMU 5.0 introduced an alternative syntax to specify the size of the translation |
| block cache, ``-accel tcg,tb-size=``. |
| |
| ``-usbdevice audio`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This option lacked the possibility to specify an audio backend device. |
| Use ``-device usb-audio`` now instead (and specify a corresponding USB |
| host controller or ``-usb`` if necessary). |
| |
| ``-vnc acl`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``acl`` option to the ``-vnc`` argument has been replaced |
| by the ``tls-authz`` and ``sasl-authz`` options. |
| |
| ``-mon ...,control=readline,pretty=on|off`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``pretty=on|off`` switch has no effect for HMP monitors and |
| its use is rejected. |
| |
| ``-drive file=json:{...{'driver':'file'}}`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The 'file' driver for drives is no longer appropriate for character or host |
| devices and will only accept regular files (S_IFREG). The correct driver |
| for these file types is 'host_cdrom' or 'host_device' as appropriate. |
| |
| Floppy controllers' drive properties (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-device floppy,...`` instead. When configuring onboard floppy |
| controllers |
| :: |
| |
| -global isa-fdc.driveA=... |
| -global sysbus-fdc.driveA=... |
| -global SUNW,fdtwo.drive=... |
| |
| become |
| :: |
| |
| -device floppy,unit=0,drive=... |
| |
| and |
| :: |
| |
| -global isa-fdc.driveB=... |
| -global sysbus-fdc.driveB=... |
| |
| become |
| :: |
| |
| -device floppy,unit=1,drive=... |
| |
| When plugging in a floppy controller |
| :: |
| |
| -device isa-fdc,...,driveA=... |
| |
| becomes |
| :: |
| |
| -device isa-fdc,... |
| -device floppy,unit=0,drive=... |
| |
| and |
| :: |
| |
| -device isa-fdc,...,driveB=... |
| |
| becomes |
| :: |
| |
| -device isa-fdc,... |
| -device floppy,unit=1,drive=... |
| |
| ``-drive`` with bogus interface type (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Drives with interface types other than ``if=none`` are for onboard |
| devices. Drives the board doesn't pick up can no longer be used with |
| -device. Use ``if=none`` instead. |
| |
| ``-usbdevice ccid`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This option was undocumented and not used in the field. |
| Use ``-device usb-ccid`` instead. |
| |
| RISC-V firmware not booted by default (removed in 5.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| QEMU 5.1 changes the default behaviour from ``-bios none`` to ``-bios default`` |
| for the RISC-V ``virt`` machine and ``sifive_u`` machine. |
| |
| ``-no-quit`` (removed in 7.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-no-quit`` was a synonym for ``-display ...,window-close=off`` which |
| should be used instead. |
| |
| ``--enable-fips`` (removed in 7.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This option restricted usage of certain cryptographic algorithms when |
| the host is operating in FIPS mode. |
| |
| If FIPS compliance is required, QEMU should be built with the ``libgcrypt`` |
| or ``gnutls`` library enabled as a cryptography provider. |
| |
| Neither the ``nettle`` library, or the built-in cryptography provider are |
| supported on FIPS enabled hosts. |
| |
| ``-writeconfig`` (removed in 7.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-writeconfig`` option was not able to serialize the entire contents |
| of the QEMU command line. It is thus considered a failed experiment |
| and removed without a replacement. |
| |
| ``loaded`` property of ``secret`` and ``secret_keyring`` objects (removed in 7.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``loaded=on`` option in the command line or QMP ``object-add`` either had |
| no effect (if ``loaded`` was the last option) or caused options to be |
| effectively ignored as if they were not given. The property is therefore |
| useless and should simply be removed. |
| |
| ``opened`` property of ``rng-*`` objects (removed in 7.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``opened=on`` option in the command line or QMP ``object-add`` either had |
| no effect (if ``opened`` was the last option) or caused errors. The property |
| is therefore useless and should simply be removed. |
| |
| ``-display sdl,window_close=...`` (removed in 7.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-display sdl,window-close=...`` instead (i.e. with a minus instead of |
| an underscore between "window" and "close"). |
| |
| ``-alt-grab`` and ``-display sdl,alt_grab=on`` (removed in 7.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-display sdl,grab-mod=lshift-lctrl-lalt`` instead. |
| |
| ``-ctrl-grab`` and ``-display sdl,ctrl_grab=on`` (removed in 7.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-display sdl,grab-mod=rctrl`` instead. |
| |
| ``-sdl`` (removed in 7.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-display sdl`` instead. |
| |
| ``-curses`` (removed in 7.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-display curses`` instead. |
| |
| Creating sound card devices using ``-soundhw`` (removed in 7.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Sound card devices should be created using ``-device`` or ``-audio``. |
| The exception is ``pcspk`` which can be activated using ``-machine |
| pcspk-audiodev=<name>``. |
| |
| ``-watchdog`` (since 7.2) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-device`` instead. |
| |
| Hexadecimal sizes with scaling multipliers (since 8.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Input parameters that take a size value should only use a size suffix |
| (such as 'k' or 'M') when the base is written in decimal, and not when |
| the value is hexadecimal. That is, '0x20M' should be written either as |
| '32M' or as '0x2000000'. |
| |
| ``-chardev`` backend aliases ``tty`` and ``parport`` (removed in 8.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| ``tty`` and ``parport`` used to be aliases for ``serial`` and ``parallel`` |
| respectively. The actual backend names should be used instead. |
| |
| ``-drive if=none`` for the sifive_u OTP device (removed in 8.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-drive if=pflash`` to configure the OTP device of the sifive_u |
| RISC-V machine instead. |
| |
| ``-spice password=string`` (removed in 8.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This option was insecure because the SPICE password remained visible in |
| the process listing. This was replaced by the new ``password-secret`` |
| option which lets the password be securely provided on the command |
| line using a ``secret`` object instance. |
| |
| ``QEMU_AUDIO_`` environment variables and ``-audio-help`` (removed in 8.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-audiodev`` and ``-audio`` command line options are now the only |
| way to specify audio backend settings. |
| |
| Using ``-audiodev`` to define the default audio backend (removed in 8.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| If no audiodev property is specified, previous versions would use the |
| first ``-audiodev`` command line option as a fallback. Starting with |
| version 8.2, audio backends created with ``-audiodev`` will only be |
| used by clients (sound cards, machines with embedded sound hardware, VNC) |
| that refer to it in an ``audiodev=`` property. |
| |
| In order to configure a default audio backend, use the ``-audio`` |
| command line option without specifying a ``model``; while previous |
| versions of QEMU required a model, starting with version 8.2 |
| QEMU does not require a model and will not create any sound card |
| in this case. |
| |
| Note that the default audio backend must be configured on the command |
| line if the ``-nodefaults`` options is used. |
| |
| ``-no-hpet`` (removed in 9.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The HPET setting has been turned into a machine property. |
| Use ``-machine hpet=off`` instead. |
| |
| ``-no-acpi`` (removed in 9.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-no-acpi`` setting has been turned into a machine property. |
| Use ``-machine acpi=off`` instead. |
| |
| ``-async-teardown`` (removed in 9.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-run-with async-teardown=on`` instead. |
| |
| ``-chroot`` (removed in 9.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``-run-with chroot=dir`` instead. |
| |
| ``-singlestep`` (removed in 9.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-singlestep`` option has been turned into an accelerator property, |
| and given a name that better reflects what it actually does. |
| Use ``-accel tcg,one-insn-per-tb=on`` instead. |
| |
| ``-smp`` ("parameter=0" SMP configurations) (removed in 9.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Specified CPU topology parameters must be greater than zero. |
| |
| In the SMP configuration, users should either provide a CPU topology |
| parameter with a reasonable value (greater than zero) or just omit it |
| and QEMU will compute the missing value. |
| |
| However, historically it was implicitly allowed for users to provide |
| a parameter with zero value, which is meaningless and could also possibly |
| cause unexpected results in the -smp parsing. So support for this kind of |
| configurations (e.g. -smp 8,sockets=0) is removed since 9.0, users have |
| to ensure that all the topology members described with -smp are greater |
| than zero. |
| |
| User-mode emulator command line arguments |
| ----------------------------------------- |
| |
| ``-singlestep`` (removed in 9.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``-singlestep`` option has been given a name that better reflects |
| what it actually does. For both linux-user and bsd-user, use the |
| ``-one-insn-per-tb`` option instead. |
| |
| |
| QEMU Machine Protocol (QMP) commands |
| ------------------------------------ |
| |
| ``block-dirty-bitmap-add`` "autoload" parameter (removed in 4.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The "autoload" parameter has been ignored since 2.12.0. All bitmaps |
| are automatically loaded from qcow2 images. |
| |
| ``cpu-add`` (removed in 5.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``device_add`` for hotplugging vCPUs instead of ``cpu-add``. See |
| documentation of ``query-hotpluggable-cpus`` for additional details. |
| |
| ``change`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``blockdev-change-medium`` or ``change-vnc-password`` or |
| ``display-update`` instead. |
| |
| ``query-events`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``query-events`` command has been superseded by the more powerful |
| and accurate ``query-qmp-schema`` command. |
| |
| ``migrate_set_cache_size`` and ``query-migrate-cache-size`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``migrate_set_parameter`` and ``info migrate_parameters`` instead. |
| |
| ``migrate_set_downtime`` and ``migrate_set_speed`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``migrate_set_parameter`` instead. |
| |
| ``query-cpus`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``query-cpus`` command is replaced by the ``query-cpus-fast`` command. |
| |
| ``query-cpus-fast`` ``arch`` output member (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``arch`` output member of the ``query-cpus-fast`` command is |
| replaced by the ``target`` output member. |
| |
| chardev client socket with ``wait`` option (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Character devices creating sockets in client mode should not specify |
| the 'wait' field, which is only applicable to sockets in server mode |
| |
| ``query-named-block-nodes`` result ``encryption_key_missing`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Removed with no replacement. |
| |
| ``query-block`` result ``inserted.encryption_key_missing`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Removed with no replacement. |
| |
| ``query-named-block-nodes`` and ``query-block`` result dirty-bitmaps[i].status (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``status`` field of the ``BlockDirtyInfo`` structure, returned by |
| these commands is removed. Two new boolean fields, ``recording`` and |
| ``busy`` effectively replace it. |
| |
| ``query-block`` result field ``dirty-bitmaps`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``dirty-bitmaps`` field of the ``BlockInfo`` structure, returned by |
| the query-block command is itself now removed. The ``dirty-bitmaps`` |
| field of the ``BlockDeviceInfo`` struct should be used instead, which is the |
| type of the ``inserted`` field in query-block replies, as well as the |
| type of array items in query-named-block-nodes. |
| |
| ``object-add`` option ``props`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Specify the properties for the object as top-level arguments instead. |
| |
| ``query-sgx`` return value member ``section-size`` (removed in 8.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Member ``section-size`` in the return value of ``query-sgx`` |
| was superseded by ``sections``. |
| |
| |
| ``query-sgx-capabilities`` return value member ``section-size`` (removed in 8.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Member ``section-size`` in the return value of ``query-sgx-capabilities`` |
| was superseded by ``sections``. |
| |
| Human Monitor Protocol (HMP) commands |
| ------------------------------------- |
| |
| ``usb_add`` and ``usb_remove`` (removed in 2.12) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Replaced by ``device_add`` and ``device_del`` (use ``device_add help`` for a |
| list of available devices). |
| |
| ``host_net_add`` and ``host_net_remove`` (removed in 2.12) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Replaced by ``netdev_add`` and ``netdev_del``. |
| |
| The ``hub_id`` parameter of ``hostfwd_add`` / ``hostfwd_remove`` (removed in 5.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``[hub_id name]`` parameter tuple of the 'hostfwd_add' and |
| 'hostfwd_remove' HMP commands has been replaced by ``netdev_id``. |
| |
| ``cpu-add`` (removed in 5.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``device_add`` for hotplugging vCPUs instead of ``cpu-add``. See |
| documentation of ``query-hotpluggable-cpus`` for additional details. |
| |
| ``change vnc TARGET`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| No replacement. The ``change vnc password`` and ``change DEVICE MEDIUM`` |
| commands are not affected. |
| |
| ``acl_show``, ``acl_reset``, ``acl_policy``, ``acl_add``, ``acl_remove`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``acl_show``, ``acl_reset``, ``acl_policy``, ``acl_add``, and |
| ``acl_remove`` commands were removed with no replacement. Authorization |
| for VNC should be performed using the pluggable QAuthZ objects. |
| |
| ``migrate-set-cache-size`` and ``info migrate-cache-size`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``migrate-set-parameters`` and ``info migrate-parameters`` instead. |
| |
| ``migrate_set_downtime`` and ``migrate_set_speed`` (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use ``migrate-set-parameters`` instead. |
| |
| ``info cpustats`` (removed in 6.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This command didn't produce any output already. Removed with no replacement. |
| |
| ``singlestep`` (removed in 9.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``singlestep`` command has been replaced by the ``one-insn-per-tb`` |
| command, which has the same behaviour but a less misleading name. |
| |
| Host Architectures |
| ------------------ |
| |
| System emulation on 32-bit Windows hosts (removed in 9.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Windows 11 has no support for 32-bit host installs, and Windows 10 did |
| not support new 32-bit installs, only upgrades. 32-bit Windows support |
| has now been dropped by the MSYS2 project. QEMU also is deprecating |
| and dropping support for 32-bit x86 host deployments in |
| general. 32-bit Windows is therefore no longer a supported host for |
| QEMU. Since all recent x86 hardware from the past >10 years is |
| capable of the 64-bit x86 extensions, a corresponding 64-bit OS should |
| be used instead. |
| |
| Guest Emulator ISAs |
| ------------------- |
| |
| RISC-V ISA privilege specification version 1.09.1 (removed in 5.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The RISC-V ISA privilege specification version 1.09.1 has been removed. |
| QEMU supports both the newer version 1.10.0 and the ratified version 1.11.0, these |
| should be used instead of the 1.09.1 version. |
| |
| System emulator CPUS |
| -------------------- |
| |
| KVM guest support on 32-bit Arm hosts (removed in 5.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The Linux kernel has dropped support for allowing 32-bit Arm systems |
| to host KVM guests as of the 5.7 kernel, and was thus removed from QEMU |
| as well. Running 32-bit guests on a 64-bit Arm host remains supported. |
| |
| RISC-V ISA Specific CPUs (removed in 5.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The RISC-V cpus with the ISA version in the CPU name have been removed. The |
| four CPUs are: ``rv32gcsu-v1.9.1``, ``rv32gcsu-v1.10.0``, ``rv64gcsu-v1.9.1`` and |
| ``rv64gcsu-v1.10.0``. Instead the version can be specified via the CPU ``priv_spec`` |
| option when using the ``rv32`` or ``rv64`` CPUs. |
| |
| RISC-V no MMU CPUs (removed in 5.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The RISC-V no MMU cpus have been removed. The two CPUs: ``rv32imacu-nommu`` and |
| ``rv64imacu-nommu`` can no longer be used. Instead the MMU status can be specified |
| via the CPU ``mmu`` option when using the ``rv32`` or ``rv64`` CPUs. |
| |
| ``compat`` property of server class POWER CPUs (removed in 6.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``max-cpu-compat`` property of the ``pseries`` machine type should be used |
| instead. |
| |
| ``moxie`` CPU (removed in 6.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Nobody was using this CPU emulation in QEMU, and there were no test images |
| available to make sure that the code is still working, so it has been removed |
| without replacement. |
| |
| ``lm32`` CPUs (removed in 6.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The only public user of this architecture was the milkymist project, |
| which has been dead for years; there was never an upstream Linux |
| port. Removed without replacement. |
| |
| ``unicore32`` CPUs (removed in 6.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Support for this CPU was removed from the upstream Linux kernel, and |
| there is no available upstream toolchain to build binaries for it. |
| Removed without replacement. |
| |
| x86 ``Icelake-Client`` CPU (removed in 7.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| There isn't ever Icelake Client CPU, it is some wrong and imaginary one. |
| Use ``Icelake-Server`` instead. |
| |
| Nios II CPU (removed in 9.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| QEMU Nios II architecture was orphan; Intel has EOL'ed the Nios II |
| processor IP (see `Intel discontinuance notification`_). |
| |
| System accelerators |
| ------------------- |
| |
| Userspace local APIC with KVM (x86, removed in 8.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| ``-M kernel-irqchip=off`` cannot be used on KVM if the CPU model includes |
| a local APIC. The ``split`` setting is supported, as is using ``-M |
| kernel-irqchip=off`` when the CPU does not have a local APIC. |
| |
| HAXM (``-accel hax``) (removed in 8.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The HAXM project has been retired (see https://github.com/intel/haxm#status). |
| Use "whpx" (on Windows) or "hvf" (on macOS) instead. |
| |
| MIPS "Trap-and-Emulate" KVM support (removed in 8.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The MIPS "Trap-and-Emulate" KVM host and guest support was removed |
| from Linux in 2021, and is not supported anymore by QEMU either. |
| |
| System emulator machines |
| ------------------------ |
| |
| ``s390-virtio`` (removed in 2.6) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use the ``s390-ccw-virtio`` machine instead. |
| |
| The m68k ``dummy`` machine (removed in 2.9) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Use the ``none`` machine with the ``loader`` device instead. |
| |
| ``xlnx-ep108`` (removed in 3.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The EP108 was an early access development board that is no longer used. |
| Use the ``xlnx-zcu102`` machine instead. |
| |
| ``spike_v1.9.1`` and ``spike_v1.10`` (removed in 5.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The version specific Spike machines have been removed in favour of the |
| generic ``spike`` machine. If you need to specify an older version of the RISC-V |
| spec you can use the ``-cpu rv64gcsu,priv_spec=v1.10.0`` command line argument. |
| |
| mips ``r4k`` platform (removed in 5.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This machine type was very old and unmaintained. Users should use the ``malta`` |
| machine type instead. |
| |
| mips ``fulong2e`` machine alias (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This machine has been renamed ``fuloong2e``. |
| |
| ``pc-0.10`` up to ``pc-i440fx-1.7`` (removed in 4.0 up to 8.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| These machine types were very old and likely could not be used for live |
| migration from old QEMU versions anymore. Use a newer machine type instead. |
| |
| Raspberry Pi ``raspi2`` and ``raspi3`` machines (removed in 6.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The Raspberry Pi machines come in various models (A, A+, B, B+). To be able |
| to distinguish which model QEMU is implementing, the ``raspi2`` and ``raspi3`` |
| machines have been renamed ``raspi2b`` and ``raspi3b``. |
| |
| Aspeed ``swift-bmc`` machine (removed in 7.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This machine was removed because it was unused. Alternative AST2500 based |
| OpenPOWER machines are ``witherspoon-bmc`` and ``romulus-bmc``. |
| |
| ppc ``taihu`` machine (removed in 7.2) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| This machine was removed because it was partially emulated and 405 |
| machines are very similar. Use the ``ref405ep`` machine instead. |
| |
| Nios II ``10m50-ghrd`` and ``nios2-generic-nommu`` machines (removed in 9.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The Nios II architecture was orphan. |
| |
| linux-user mode CPUs |
| -------------------- |
| |
| ``tilegx`` CPUs (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``tilegx`` guest CPU support has been removed without replacement. It was |
| only implemented in linux-user mode, but support for this CPU was removed from |
| the upstream Linux kernel in 2018, and it has also been dropped from glibc, so |
| there is no new Linux development taking place with this architecture. For |
| running the old binaries, you can use older versions of QEMU. |
| |
| ``ppc64abi32`` CPUs (removed in 7.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``ppc64abi32`` architecture has a number of issues which regularly |
| tripped up the CI testing and was suspected to be quite broken. For that |
| reason the maintainers strongly suspected no one actually used it. |
| |
| ``nios2`` CPU (removed in 9.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| QEMU Nios II architecture was orphan; Intel has EOL'ed the Nios II |
| processor IP (see `Intel discontinuance notification`_). |
| |
| TCG introspection features |
| -------------------------- |
| |
| TCG trace-events (since 6.2) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ability to add new TCG trace points had bit rotted and as the |
| feature can be replicated with TCG plugins it was removed. If |
| any user is currently using this feature and needs help with |
| converting to using TCG plugins they should contact the qemu-devel |
| mailing list. |
| |
| |
| System emulator devices |
| ----------------------- |
| |
| ``spapr-pci-vfio-host-bridge`` (removed in 2.12) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``spapr-pci-vfio-host-bridge`` device type has been replaced by the |
| ``spapr-pci-host-bridge`` device type. |
| |
| ``ivshmem`` (removed in 4.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| Replaced by either the ``ivshmem-plain`` or ``ivshmem-doorbell``. |
| |
| ``ide-drive`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The 'ide-drive' device has been removed. Users should use 'ide-hd' or |
| 'ide-cd' as appropriate to get an IDE hard disk or CD-ROM as needed. |
| |
| ``scsi-disk`` (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The 'scsi-disk' device has been removed. Users should use 'scsi-hd' or |
| 'scsi-cd' as appropriate to get a SCSI hard disk or CD-ROM as needed. |
| |
| ``sga`` (removed in 8.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``sga`` device loaded an option ROM for x86 targets which enabled |
| SeaBIOS to send messages to the serial console. SeaBIOS 1.11.0 onwards |
| contains native support for this feature and thus use of the option |
| ROM approach was obsolete. The native SeaBIOS support can be activated |
| by using ``-machine graphics=off``. |
| |
| ``pvrdma`` and the RDMA subsystem (removed in 9.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The 'pvrdma' device and the whole RDMA subsystem have been removed. |
| |
| Related binaries |
| ---------------- |
| |
| ``qemu-nbd --partition`` (removed in 5.0) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The ``qemu-nbd --partition $digit`` code (also spelled ``-P``) |
| could only handle MBR partitions, and never correctly handled logical |
| partitions beyond partition 5. Exporting a partition can still be |
| done by utilizing the ``--image-opts`` option with a raw blockdev |
| using the ``offset`` and ``size`` parameters layered on top of |
| any other existing blockdev. For example, if partition 1 is 100MiB |
| long starting at 1MiB, the old command:: |
| |
| qemu-nbd -t -P 1 -f qcow2 file.qcow2 |
| |
| can be rewritten as:: |
| |
| qemu-nbd -t --image-opts driver=raw,offset=1M,size=100M,file.driver=qcow2,file.file.driver=file,file.file.filename=file.qcow2 |
| |
| ``qemu-img convert -n -o`` (removed in 5.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| All options specified in ``-o`` are image creation options, so |
| they are now rejected when used with ``-n`` to skip image creation. |
| |
| |
| ``qemu-img create -b bad file $size`` (removed in 5.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| When creating an image with a backing file that could not be opened, |
| ``qemu-img create`` used to issue a warning about the failure but |
| proceed with the image creation if an explicit size was provided. |
| However, as the ``-u`` option exists for this purpose, it is safer to |
| enforce that any failure to open the backing image (including if the |
| backing file is missing or an incorrect format was specified) is an |
| error when ``-u`` is not used. |
| |
| ``qemu-img amend`` to adjust backing file (removed in 6.1) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The use of ``qemu-img amend`` to modify the name or format of a qcow2 |
| backing image was never fully documented or tested, and interferes |
| with other amend operations that need access to the original backing |
| image (such as deciding whether a v3 zero cluster may be left |
| unallocated when converting to a v2 image). Any changes to the |
| backing chain should be performed with ``qemu-img rebase -u`` either |
| before or after the remaining changes being performed by amend, as |
| appropriate. |
| |
| ``qemu-img`` backing file without format (removed in 6.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The use of ``qemu-img create``, ``qemu-img rebase``, or ``qemu-img |
| convert`` to create or modify an image that depends on a backing file |
| now requires that an explicit backing format be provided. This is |
| for safety: if QEMU probes a different format than what you thought, |
| the data presented to the guest will be corrupt; similarly, presenting |
| a raw image to a guest allows a potential security exploit if a future |
| probe sees a non-raw image based on guest writes. |
| |
| To avoid creating unsafe backing chains, you must pass ``-o |
| backing_fmt=`` (or the shorthand ``-F`` during create) to specify the |
| intended backing format. You may use ``qemu-img rebase -u`` to |
| retroactively add a backing format to an existing image. However, be |
| aware that there are already potential security risks to blindly using |
| ``qemu-img info`` to probe the format of an untrusted backing image, |
| when deciding what format to add into an existing image. |
| |
| Block devices |
| ------------- |
| |
| VXHS backend (removed in 5.1) |
| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The VXHS code did not compile since v2.12.0. It was removed in 5.1. |
| |
| ``sheepdog`` driver (removed in 6.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| The corresponding upstream server project is no longer maintained. |
| Users are recommended to switch to an alternative distributed block |
| device driver such as RBD. |
| |
| Tools |
| ----- |
| |
| virtiofsd (removed in 8.0) |
| '''''''''''''''''''''''''' |
| |
| There is a newer Rust implementation of ``virtiofsd`` at |
| ``https://gitlab.com/virtio-fs/virtiofsd``; this has been |
| stable for some time and is now widely used. |
| The command line and feature set is very close to the removed |
| C implementation. |
| |
| .. _Intel discontinuance notification: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/781327/intel-is-discontinuing-ip-ordering-codes-listed-in-pdn2312-for-nios-ii-ip.html |
