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qemu / qemu / 861f10fd528263a507476b8c4dda93a9588dfa5c / . / qemu-io-cmds.c
blob: 998b67186d0e5aff37890d997c178adc65093df3 [file] [log] [blame]
/*
* Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
*
* Copyright (C) 2009-2016 Red Hat, Inc.
* Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
*
* This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
* See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
#include "qemu-io.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "block/block.h"
#include "block/block_int.h" /* for info_f() */
#include "block/qapi.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
#include "qemu/option.h"
#include "qemu/timer.h"
#include "qemu/cutils.h"
#define CMD_NOFILE_OK 0x01
bool qemuio_misalign;
static cmdinfo_t *cmdtab;
static int ncmds;
static int compare_cmdname(const void *a, const void *b)
{
return strcmp(((const cmdinfo_t *)a)->name,
((const cmdinfo_t *)b)->name);
}
void qemuio_add_command(const cmdinfo_t *ci)
{
/* ci->perm assumes a file is open, but the GLOBAL and NOFILE_OK
* flags allow it not to be, so that combination is invalid.
* Catch it now rather than letting it manifest as a crash if a
* particular set of command line options are used.
*/
assert(ci->perm == 0 ||
(ci->flags & (CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL | CMD_NOFILE_OK)) == 0);
cmdtab = g_renew(cmdinfo_t, cmdtab, ++ncmds);
cmdtab[ncmds - 1] = *ci;
qsort(cmdtab, ncmds, sizeof(*cmdtab), compare_cmdname);
}
void qemuio_command_usage(const cmdinfo_t *ci)
{
printf("%s %s -- %s\n", ci->name, ci->args, ci->oneline);
}
static int init_check_command(BlockBackend *blk, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
{
if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL) {
return 1;
}
if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !blk) {
fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
static int command(BlockBackend *blk, const cmdinfo_t *ct, int argc,
char **argv)
{
char *cmd = argv[0];
if (!init_check_command(blk, ct)) {
return -EINVAL;
}
if (argc - 1 < ct->argmin || (ct->argmax != -1 && argc - 1 > ct->argmax)) {
if (ct->argmax == -1) {
fprintf(stderr,
"bad argument count %d to %s, expected at least %d arguments\n",
argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin);
} else if (ct->argmin == ct->argmax) {
fprintf(stderr,
"bad argument count %d to %s, expected %d arguments\n",
argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin);
} else {
fprintf(stderr,
"bad argument count %d to %s, expected between %d and %d arguments\n",
argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin, ct->argmax);
}
return -EINVAL;
}
/* Request additional permissions if necessary for this command. The caller
* is responsible for restoring the original permissions afterwards if this
* is what it wants. */
if (ct->perm && blk_is_available(blk)) {
uint64_t orig_perm, orig_shared_perm;
blk_get_perm(blk, &orig_perm, &orig_shared_perm);
if (ct->perm & ~orig_perm) {
uint64_t new_perm;
Error *local_err = NULL;
int ret;
new_perm = orig_perm | ct->perm;
ret = blk_set_perm(blk, new_perm, orig_shared_perm, &local_err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return ret;
}
}
}
qemu_reset_optind();
return ct->cfunc(blk, argc, argv);
}
static const cmdinfo_t *find_command(const char *cmd)
{
cmdinfo_t *ct;
for (ct = cmdtab; ct < &cmdtab[ncmds]; ct++) {
if (strcmp(ct->name, cmd) == 0 ||
(ct->altname && strcmp(ct->altname, cmd) == 0))
{
return (const cmdinfo_t *)ct;
}
}
return NULL;
}
/* Invoke fn() for commands with a matching prefix */
void qemuio_complete_command(const char *input,
void (*fn)(const char *cmd, void *opaque),
void *opaque)
{
cmdinfo_t *ct;
size_t input_len = strlen(input);
for (ct = cmdtab; ct < &cmdtab[ncmds]; ct++) {
if (strncmp(input, ct->name, input_len) == 0) {
fn(ct->name, opaque);
}
}
}
static char **breakline(char *input, int *count)
{
int c = 0;
char *p;
char **rval = g_new0(char *, 1);
while (rval && (p = qemu_strsep(&input, " ")) != NULL) {
if (!*p) {
continue;
}
c++;
rval = g_renew(char *, rval, (c + 1));
rval[c - 1] = p;
rval[c] = NULL;
}
*count = c;
return rval;
}
static int64_t cvtnum(const char *s)
{
int err;
uint64_t value;
err = qemu_strtosz(s, NULL, &value);
if (err < 0) {
return err;
}
if (value > INT64_MAX) {
return -ERANGE;
}
return value;
}
static void print_cvtnum_err(int64_t rc, const char *arg)
{
switch (rc) {
case -EINVAL:
printf("Parsing error: non-numeric argument,"
" or extraneous/unrecognized suffix -- %s\n", arg);
break;
case -ERANGE:
printf("Parsing error: argument too large -- %s\n", arg);
break;
default:
printf("Parsing error: %s\n", arg);
}
}
#define EXABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 60)
#define PETABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 50)
#define TERABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 40)
#define GIGABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 30)
#define MEGABYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 20)
#define KILOBYTES(x) ((long long)(x) << 10)
#define TO_EXABYTES(x) ((x) / EXABYTES(1))
#define TO_PETABYTES(x) ((x) / PETABYTES(1))
#define TO_TERABYTES(x) ((x) / TERABYTES(1))
#define TO_GIGABYTES(x) ((x) / GIGABYTES(1))
#define TO_MEGABYTES(x) ((x) / MEGABYTES(1))
#define TO_KILOBYTES(x) ((x) / KILOBYTES(1))
static void cvtstr(double value, char *str, size_t size)
{
char *trim;
const char *suffix;
if (value >= EXABYTES(1)) {
suffix = " EiB";
snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_EXABYTES(value));
} else if (value >= PETABYTES(1)) {
suffix = " PiB";
snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_PETABYTES(value));
} else if (value >= TERABYTES(1)) {
suffix = " TiB";
snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_TERABYTES(value));
} else if (value >= GIGABYTES(1)) {
suffix = " GiB";
snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_GIGABYTES(value));
} else if (value >= MEGABYTES(1)) {
suffix = " MiB";
snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_MEGABYTES(value));
} else if (value >= KILOBYTES(1)) {
suffix = " KiB";
snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_KILOBYTES(value));
} else {
suffix = " bytes";
snprintf(str, size - 6, "%f", value);
}
trim = strstr(str, ".000");
if (trim) {
strcpy(trim, suffix);
} else {
strcat(str, suffix);
}
}
static struct timespec tsub(struct timespec t1, struct timespec t2)
{
t1.tv_nsec -= t2.tv_nsec;
if (t1.tv_nsec < 0) {
t1.tv_nsec += NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND;
t1.tv_sec--;
}
t1.tv_sec -= t2.tv_sec;
return t1;
}
static double tdiv(double value, struct timespec tv)
{
double seconds = tv.tv_sec + (tv.tv_nsec / 1e9);
return value / seconds;
}
#define HOURS(sec) ((sec) / (60 * 60))
#define MINUTES(sec) (((sec) % (60 * 60)) / 60)
#define SECONDS(sec) ((sec) % 60)
enum {
DEFAULT_TIME = 0x0,
TERSE_FIXED_TIME = 0x1,
VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME = 0x2,
};
static void timestr(struct timespec *tv, char *ts, size_t size, int format)
{
double frac_sec = tv->tv_nsec / 1e9;
if (format & TERSE_FIXED_TIME) {
if (!HOURS(tv->tv_sec)) {
snprintf(ts, size, "%u:%05.2f",
(unsigned int) MINUTES(tv->tv_sec),
SECONDS(tv->tv_sec) + frac_sec);
return;
}
format |= VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME; /* fallback if hours needed */
}
if ((format & VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME) || tv->tv_sec) {
snprintf(ts, size, "%u:%02u:%05.2f",
(unsigned int) HOURS(tv->tv_sec),
(unsigned int) MINUTES(tv->tv_sec),
SECONDS(tv->tv_sec) + frac_sec);
} else {
snprintf(ts, size, "%05.2f sec", frac_sec);
}
}
/*
* Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
*
* Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
* to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
*/
static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
{
char *endptr = NULL;
long pattern;
pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
return -1;
}
return pattern;
}
/*
* Memory allocation helpers.
*
* Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
* that is specified on the command line.
*/
#define MISALIGN_OFFSET 16
static void *qemu_io_alloc(BlockBackend *blk, size_t len, int pattern)
{
void *buf;
if (qemuio_misalign) {
len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
}
buf = blk_blockalign(blk, len);
memset(buf, pattern, len);
if (qemuio_misalign) {
buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
}
return buf;
}
static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
{
if (qemuio_misalign) {
p -= MISALIGN_OFFSET;
}
qemu_vfree(p);
}
/*
* qemu_io_alloc_from_file()
*
* Allocates the buffer and populates it with the content of the given file
* up to @len bytes. If the file length is less than @len, then the buffer
* is populated with the file content cyclically.
*
* @blk - the block backend where the buffer content is going to be written to
* @len - the buffer length
* @file_name - the file to read the content from
*
* Returns: the buffer pointer on success
* NULL on error
*/
static void *qemu_io_alloc_from_file(BlockBackend *blk, size_t len,
const char *file_name)
{
char *buf, *buf_origin;
FILE *f = fopen(file_name, "r");
int pattern_len;
if (!f) {
perror(file_name);
return NULL;
}
if (qemuio_misalign) {
len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
}
buf_origin = buf = blk_blockalign(blk, len);
if (qemuio_misalign) {
buf_origin += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
len -= MISALIGN_OFFSET;
}
pattern_len = fread(buf_origin, 1, len, f);
if (ferror(f)) {
perror(file_name);
goto error;
}
if (pattern_len == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: file is empty\n", file_name);
goto error;
}
fclose(f);
f = NULL;
if (len > pattern_len) {
len -= pattern_len;
buf += pattern_len;
while (len > 0) {
size_t len_to_copy = MIN(pattern_len, len);
memcpy(buf, buf_origin, len_to_copy);
len -= len_to_copy;
buf += len_to_copy;
}
}
return buf_origin;
error:
qemu_io_free(buf_origin);
if (f) {
fclose(f);
}
return NULL;
}
static void dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int64_t len)
{
uint64_t i;
int j;
const uint8_t *p;
for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
const uint8_t *s = p;
printf("%08" PRIx64 ": ", offset + i);
for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++) {
printf("%02x ", *p);
}
printf(" ");
for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
if (isalnum(*s)) {
printf("%c", *s);
} else {
printf(".");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
}
static void print_report(const char *op, struct timespec *t, int64_t offset,
int64_t count, int64_t total, int cnt, bool Cflag)
{
char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
if (!Cflag) {
cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
printf("%s %"PRId64"/%"PRId64" bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n",
op, total, count, offset);
printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
} else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
printf("%"PRId64",%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
total, cnt, ts,
tdiv((double)total, *t),
tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
}
}
/*
* Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
* vector matching it.
*/
static void *
create_iovec(BlockBackend *blk, QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov,
int pattern)
{
size_t *sizes = g_new0(size_t, nr_iov);
size_t count = 0;
void *buf = NULL;
void *p;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
char *arg = argv[i];
int64_t len;
len = cvtnum(arg);
if (len < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(len, arg);
goto fail;
}
if (len > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
printf("Argument '%s' exceeds maximum size %" PRIu64 "\n", arg,
(uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES);
goto fail;
}
if (count > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES - len) {
printf("The total number of bytes exceed the maximum size %" PRIu64
"\n", (uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES);
goto fail;
}
sizes[i] = len;
count += len;
}
qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(blk, count, pattern);
for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
p += sizes[i];
}
fail:
g_free(sizes);
return buf;
}
static int do_pread(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
int64_t bytes, int64_t *total)
{
if (bytes > INT_MAX) {
return -ERANGE;
}
*total = blk_pread(blk, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, bytes);
if (*total < 0) {
return *total;
}
return 1;
}
static int do_pwrite(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
int64_t bytes, int flags, int64_t *total)
{
if (bytes > INT_MAX) {
return -ERANGE;
}
*total = blk_pwrite(blk, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, bytes, flags);
if (*total < 0) {
return *total;
}
return 1;
}
typedef struct {
BlockBackend *blk;
int64_t offset;
int64_t bytes;
int64_t *total;
int flags;
int ret;
bool done;
} CoWriteZeroes;
static void coroutine_fn co_pwrite_zeroes_entry(void *opaque)
{
CoWriteZeroes *data = opaque;
data->ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(data->blk, data->offset, data->bytes,
data->flags);
data->done = true;
if (data->ret < 0) {
*data->total = data->ret;
return;
}
*data->total = data->bytes;
}
static int do_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t offset,
int64_t bytes, int flags, int64_t *total)
{
Coroutine *co;
CoWriteZeroes data = {
.blk = blk,
.offset = offset,
.bytes = bytes,
.total = total,
.flags = flags,
.done = false,
};
if (bytes > INT_MAX) {
return -ERANGE;
}
co = qemu_coroutine_create(co_pwrite_zeroes_entry, &data);
bdrv_coroutine_enter(blk_bs(blk), co);
while (!data.done) {
aio_poll(blk_get_aio_context(blk), true);
}
if (data.ret < 0) {
return data.ret;
} else {
return 1;
}
}
static int do_write_compressed(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
int64_t bytes, int64_t *total)
{
int ret;
if (bytes > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
return -ERANGE;
}
ret = blk_pwrite_compressed(blk, offset, buf, bytes);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
*total = bytes;
return 1;
}
static int do_load_vmstate(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
int64_t count, int64_t *total)
{
if (count > INT_MAX) {
return -ERANGE;
}
*total = blk_load_vmstate(blk, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
if (*total < 0) {
return *total;
}
return 1;
}
static int do_save_vmstate(BlockBackend *blk, char *buf, int64_t offset,
int64_t count, int64_t *total)
{
if (count > INT_MAX) {
return -ERANGE;
}
*total = blk_save_vmstate(blk, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
if (*total < 0) {
return *total;
}
return 1;
}
#define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
{
*(int *)opaque = ret;
}
static int do_aio_readv(BlockBackend *blk, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
int64_t offset, int *total)
{
int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
blk_aio_preadv(blk, offset, qiov, 0, aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
main_loop_wait(false);
}
*total = qiov->size;
return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
}
static int do_aio_writev(BlockBackend *blk, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
int64_t offset, int flags, int *total)
{
int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
blk_aio_pwritev(blk, offset, qiov, flags, aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
main_loop_wait(false);
}
*total = qiov->size;
return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
}
static void read_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
"\n"
" Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
" standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
" -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
" -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
" -p, -- ignored for backwards compatibility\n"
" -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
" -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
" -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
" -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
"\n");
}
static int read_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
.name = "read",
.altname = "r",
.cfunc = read_f,
.argmin = 2,
.argmax = -1,
.args = "[-abCqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
.oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
.help = read_help,
};
static int read_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
struct timespec t1, t2;
bool Cflag = false, qflag = false, vflag = false;
bool Pflag = false, sflag = false, lflag = false, bflag = false;
int c, cnt, ret;
char *buf;
int64_t offset;
int64_t count;
/* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
int64_t total = 0;
int pattern = 0;
int64_t pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'b':
bflag = true;
break;
case 'C':
Cflag = true;
break;
case 'l':
lflag = true;
pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
if (pattern_count < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(pattern_count, optarg);
return pattern_count;
}
break;
case 'p':
/* Ignored for backwards compatibility */
break;
case 'P':
Pflag = true;
pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
if (pattern < 0) {
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
case 'q':
qflag = true;
break;
case 's':
sflag = true;
pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
if (pattern_offset < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(pattern_offset, optarg);
return pattern_offset;
}
break;
case 'v':
vflag = true;
break;
default:
qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 2) {
qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (offset < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
return offset;
}
optind++;
count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (count < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(count, argv[optind]);
return count;
} else if (count > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
printf("length cannot exceed %" PRIu64 ", given %s\n",
(uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES, argv[optind]);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!lflag) {
pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
}
if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count)) {
printf("pattern verification range exceeds end of read data\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (bflag) {
if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
printf("%" PRId64 " is not a sector-aligned value for 'offset'\n",
offset);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(count, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
printf("%"PRId64" is not a sector-aligned value for 'count'\n",
count);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
buf = qemu_io_alloc(blk, count, 0xab);
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t1);
if (bflag) {
ret = do_load_vmstate(blk, buf, offset, count, &total);
} else {
ret = do_pread(blk, buf, offset, count, &total);
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
cnt = ret;
ret = 0;
if (Pflag) {
void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
PRId64 ", %"PRId64" bytes\n",
offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
ret = -EINVAL;
}
g_free(cmp_buf);
}
if (qflag) {
goto out;
}
if (vflag) {
dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
}
/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
out:
qemu_io_free(buf);
return ret;
}
static void readv_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
"\n"
" Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
" standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
" Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
" -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
" -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
" -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
"\n");
}
static int readv_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
.name = "readv",
.cfunc = readv_f,
.argmin = 2,
.argmax = -1,
.args = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern] off len [len..]",
.oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
.help = readv_help,
};
static int readv_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
struct timespec t1, t2;
bool Cflag = false, qflag = false, vflag = false;
int c, cnt, ret;
char *buf;
int64_t offset;
/* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
int total = 0;
int nr_iov;
QEMUIOVector qiov;
int pattern = 0;
bool Pflag = false;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'C':
Cflag = true;
break;
case 'P':
Pflag = true;
pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
if (pattern < 0) {
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
case 'q':
qflag = true;
break;
case 'v':
vflag = true;
break;
default:
qemuio_command_usage(&readv_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (optind > argc - 2) {
qemuio_command_usage(&readv_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (offset < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
return offset;
}
optind++;
nr_iov = argc - optind;
buf = create_iovec(blk, &qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
if (buf == NULL) {
return -EINVAL;
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t1);
ret = do_aio_readv(blk, &qiov, offset, &total);
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
cnt = ret;
ret = 0;
if (Pflag) {
void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(qiov.size);
memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
PRId64 ", %zu bytes\n", offset, qiov.size);
ret = -EINVAL;
}
g_free(cmp_buf);
}
if (qflag) {
goto out;
}
if (vflag) {
dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
}
/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
out:
qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
qemu_io_free(buf);
return ret;
}
static void write_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
"\n"
" Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
" filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
" -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
" -c, -- write compressed data with blk_write_compressed\n"
" -f, -- use Force Unit Access semantics\n"
" -n, -- with -z, don't allow slow fallback\n"
" -p, -- ignored for backwards compatibility\n"
" -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
" -s, -- use a pattern file to fill the write buffer\n"
" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
" -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
" -u, -- with -z, allow unmapping\n"
" -z, -- write zeroes using blk_co_pwrite_zeroes\n"
"\n");
}
static int write_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
.name = "write",
.altname = "w",
.cfunc = write_f,
.perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE,
.argmin = 2,
.argmax = -1,
.args = "[-bcCfnquz] [-P pattern | -s source_file] off len",
.oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
.help = write_help,
};
static int write_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
struct timespec t1, t2;
bool Cflag = false, qflag = false, bflag = false;
bool Pflag = false, zflag = false, cflag = false, sflag = false;
int flags = 0;
int c, cnt, ret;
char *buf = NULL;
int64_t offset;
int64_t count;
/* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
int64_t total = 0;
int pattern = 0xcd;
const char *file_name = NULL;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bcCfnpP:qs:uz")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'b':
bflag = true;
break;
case 'c':
cflag = true;
break;
case 'C':
Cflag = true;
break;
case 'f':
flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
break;
case 'n':
flags |= BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK;
break;
case 'p':
/* Ignored for backwards compatibility */
break;
case 'P':
Pflag = true;
pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
if (pattern < 0) {
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
case 'q':
qflag = true;
break;
case 's':
sflag = true;
file_name = optarg;
break;
case 'u':
flags |= BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
break;
case 'z':
zflag = true;
break;
default:
qemuio_command_usage(&write_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 2) {
qemuio_command_usage(&write_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (bflag && zflag) {
printf("-b and -z cannot be specified at the same time\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if ((flags & BDRV_REQ_FUA) && (bflag || cflag)) {
printf("-f and -b or -c cannot be specified at the same time\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if ((flags & BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK) && !zflag) {
printf("-n requires -z to be specified\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if ((flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP) && !zflag) {
printf("-u requires -z to be specified\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (zflag + Pflag + sflag > 1) {
printf("Only one of -z, -P, and -s "
"can be specified at the same time\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (offset < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
return offset;
}
optind++;
count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (count < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(count, argv[optind]);
return count;
} else if (count > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
printf("length cannot exceed %" PRIu64 ", given %s\n",
(uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES, argv[optind]);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (bflag || cflag) {
if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
printf("%" PRId64 " is not a sector-aligned value for 'offset'\n",
offset);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(count, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
printf("%"PRId64" is not a sector-aligned value for 'count'\n",
count);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (!zflag) {
if (sflag) {
buf = qemu_io_alloc_from_file(blk, count, file_name);
if (!buf) {
return -EINVAL;
}
} else {
buf = qemu_io_alloc(blk, count, pattern);
}
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t1);
if (bflag) {
ret = do_save_vmstate(blk, buf, offset, count, &total);
} else if (zflag) {
ret = do_co_pwrite_zeroes(blk, offset, count, flags, &total);
} else if (cflag) {
ret = do_write_compressed(blk, buf, offset, count, &total);
} else {
ret = do_pwrite(blk, buf, offset, count, flags, &total);
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
cnt = ret;
ret = 0;
if (qflag) {
goto out;
}
/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
out:
if (!zflag) {
qemu_io_free(buf);
}
return ret;
}
static void
writev_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'writev 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
"\n"
" Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
" filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
" -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
" -f, -- use Force Unit Access semantics\n"
" -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
"\n");
}
static int writev_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
.name = "writev",
.cfunc = writev_f,
.perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE,
.argmin = 2,
.argmax = -1,
.args = "[-Cfq] [-P pattern] off len [len..]",
.oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
.help = writev_help,
};
static int writev_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
struct timespec t1, t2;
bool Cflag = false, qflag = false;
int flags = 0;
int c, cnt, ret;
char *buf;
int64_t offset;
/* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */
int total = 0;
int nr_iov;
int pattern = 0xcd;
QEMUIOVector qiov;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CfqP:")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'C':
Cflag = true;
break;
case 'f':
flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
break;
case 'q':
qflag = true;
break;
case 'P':
pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
if (pattern < 0) {
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
default:
qemuio_command_usage(&writev_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (optind > argc - 2) {
qemuio_command_usage(&writev_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (offset < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
return offset;
}
optind++;
nr_iov = argc - optind;
buf = create_iovec(blk, &qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
if (buf == NULL) {
return -EINVAL;
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t1);
ret = do_aio_writev(blk, &qiov, offset, flags, &total);
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
goto out;
}
cnt = ret;
ret = 0;
if (qflag) {
goto out;
}
/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
out:
qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
qemu_io_free(buf);
return ret;
}
struct aio_ctx {
BlockBackend *blk;
QEMUIOVector qiov;
int64_t offset;
char *buf;
bool qflag;
bool vflag;
bool Cflag;
bool Pflag;
bool zflag;
BlockAcctCookie acct;
int pattern;
struct timespec t1;
};
static void aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
{
struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
struct timespec t2;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
block_acct_failed(blk_get_stats(ctx->blk), &ctx->acct);
goto out;
}
block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(ctx->blk), &ctx->acct);
if (ctx->qflag) {
goto out;
}
/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
out:
if (!ctx->zflag) {
qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
}
g_free(ctx);
}
static void aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
{
struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
struct timespec t2;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
block_acct_failed(blk_get_stats(ctx->blk), &ctx->acct);
goto out;
}
if (ctx->Pflag) {
void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
PRId64 ", %zu bytes\n", ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
}
g_free(cmp_buf);
}
block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(ctx->blk), &ctx->acct);
if (ctx->qflag) {
goto out;
}
if (ctx->vflag) {
dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
}
/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
out:
qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
g_free(ctx);
}
static void aio_read_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
"\n"
" Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
" standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
" The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
" used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
" Note that due to its asynchronous nature, this command will be\n"
" considered successful once the request is submitted, independently\n"
" of potential I/O errors or pattern mismatches.\n"
" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
" -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
" -i, -- treat request as invalid, for exercising stats\n"
" -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
" -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
"\n");
}
static int aio_read_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
.name = "aio_read",
.cfunc = aio_read_f,
.argmin = 2,
.argmax = -1,
.args = "[-Ciqv] [-P pattern] off len [len..]",
.oneline = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
.help = aio_read_help,
};
static int aio_read_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
int nr_iov, c;
struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
ctx->blk = blk;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:iqv")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'C':
ctx->Cflag = true;
break;
case 'P':
ctx->Pflag = true;
ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
if (ctx->pattern < 0) {
g_free(ctx);
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
case 'i':
printf("injecting invalid read request\n");
block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(blk), BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
g_free(ctx);
return 0;
case 'q':
ctx->qflag = true;
break;
case 'v':
ctx->vflag = true;
break;
default:
g_free(ctx);
qemuio_command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (optind > argc - 2) {
g_free(ctx);
qemuio_command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (ctx->offset < 0) {
int ret = ctx->offset;
print_cvtnum_err(ret, argv[optind]);
g_free(ctx);
return ret;
}
optind++;
nr_iov = argc - optind;
ctx->buf = create_iovec(blk, &ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(blk), BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
g_free(ctx);
return -EINVAL;
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ctx->t1);
block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(blk), &ctx->acct, ctx->qiov.size,
BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
blk_aio_preadv(blk, ctx->offset, &ctx->qiov, 0, aio_read_done, ctx);
return 0;
}
static void aio_write_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source\n"
" from multiple buffers\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
"\n"
" Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
" filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
" The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
" used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
" Note that due to its asynchronous nature, this command will be\n"
" considered successful once the request is submitted, independently\n"
" of potential I/O errors or pattern mismatches.\n"
" -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
" -f, -- use Force Unit Access semantics\n"
" -i, -- treat request as invalid, for exercising stats\n"
" -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
" -u, -- with -z, allow unmapping\n"
" -z, -- write zeroes using blk_aio_pwrite_zeroes\n"
"\n");
}
static int aio_write_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
.name = "aio_write",
.cfunc = aio_write_f,
.perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE,
.argmin = 2,
.argmax = -1,
.args = "[-Cfiquz] [-P pattern] off len [len..]",
.oneline = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
.help = aio_write_help,
};
static int aio_write_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
int nr_iov, c;
int pattern = 0xcd;
struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
int flags = 0;
ctx->blk = blk;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CfiqP:uz")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'C':
ctx->Cflag = true;
break;
case 'f':
flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
break;
case 'q':
ctx->qflag = true;
break;
case 'u':
flags |= BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
break;
case 'P':
pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
if (pattern < 0) {
g_free(ctx);
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
case 'i':
printf("injecting invalid write request\n");
block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(blk), BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE);
g_free(ctx);
return 0;
case 'z':
ctx->zflag = true;
break;
default:
g_free(ctx);
qemuio_command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (optind > argc - 2) {
g_free(ctx);
qemuio_command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (ctx->zflag && optind != argc - 2) {
printf("-z supports only a single length parameter\n");
g_free(ctx);
return -EINVAL;
}
if ((flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP) && !ctx->zflag) {
printf("-u requires -z to be specified\n");
g_free(ctx);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (ctx->zflag && ctx->Pflag) {
printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n");
g_free(ctx);
return -EINVAL;
}
ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (ctx->offset < 0) {
int ret = ctx->offset;
print_cvtnum_err(ret, argv[optind]);
g_free(ctx);
return ret;
}
optind++;
if (ctx->zflag) {
int64_t count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (count < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(count, argv[optind]);
g_free(ctx);
return count;
}
ctx->qiov.size = count;
blk_aio_pwrite_zeroes(blk, ctx->offset, count, flags, aio_write_done,
ctx);
} else {
nr_iov = argc - optind;
ctx->buf = create_iovec(blk, &ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov,
pattern);
if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(blk), BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE);
g_free(ctx);
return -EINVAL;
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ctx->t1);
block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(blk), &ctx->acct, ctx->qiov.size,
BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE);
blk_aio_pwritev(blk, ctx->offset, &ctx->qiov, flags, aio_write_done,
ctx);
}
return 0;
}
static int aio_flush_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockAcctCookie cookie;
block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(blk), &cookie, 0, BLOCK_ACCT_FLUSH);
blk_drain_all();
block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(blk), &cookie);
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
.name = "aio_flush",
.cfunc = aio_flush_f,
.oneline = "completes all outstanding aio requests"
};
static int flush_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
return blk_flush(blk);
}
static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
.name = "flush",
.altname = "f",
.cfunc = flush_f,
.oneline = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
};
static int truncate_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
.name = "truncate",
.altname = "t",
.cfunc = truncate_f,
.perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE,
.argmin = 1,
.argmax = 3,
.args = "[-m prealloc_mode] off",
.oneline = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
};
static int truncate_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
Error *local_err = NULL;
int64_t offset;
int c, ret;
PreallocMode prealloc = PREALLOC_MODE_OFF;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "m:")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'm':
prealloc = qapi_enum_parse(&PreallocMode_lookup, optarg,
PREALLOC_MODE__MAX, NULL);
if (prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE__MAX) {
error_report("Invalid preallocation mode '%s'", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
default:
qemuio_command_usage(&truncate_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (offset < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[1]);
return offset;
}
/*
* qemu-io is a debugging tool, so let us be strict here and pass
* exact=true. It is better to err on the "emit more errors" side
* than to be overly permissive.
*/
ret = blk_truncate(blk, offset, false, prealloc, 0, &local_err);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int length_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
int64_t size;
char s1[64];
size = blk_getlength(blk);
if (size < 0) {
printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size));
return size;
}
cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
printf("%s\n", s1);
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
.name = "length",
.altname = "l",
.cfunc = length_f,
.oneline = "gets the length of the current file",
};
static int info_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info;
Error *local_err = NULL;
char s1[64], s2[64];
int ret;
if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name) {
printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
}
if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name) {
printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
}
ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
if (ret) {
return ret;
}
cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
spec_info = bdrv_get_specific_info(bs, &local_err);
if (local_err) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return -EIO;
}
if (spec_info) {
printf("Format specific information:\n");
bdrv_image_info_specific_dump(spec_info);
qapi_free_ImageInfoSpecific(spec_info);
}
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
.name = "info",
.altname = "i",
.cfunc = info_f,
.oneline = "prints information about the current file",
};
static void discard_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" discards a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'discard 512 1k' - discards 1 kilobyte from 512 bytes into the file\n"
"\n"
" Discards a segment of the currently open file.\n"
" -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
" -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
"\n");
}
static int discard_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t discard_cmd = {
.name = "discard",
.altname = "d",
.cfunc = discard_f,
.perm = BLK_PERM_WRITE,
.argmin = 2,
.argmax = -1,
.args = "[-Cq] off len",
.oneline = "discards a number of bytes at a specified offset",
.help = discard_help,
};
static int discard_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
struct timespec t1, t2;
bool Cflag = false, qflag = false;
int c, ret;
int64_t offset, bytes;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'C':
Cflag = true;
break;
case 'q':
qflag = true;
break;
default:
qemuio_command_usage(&discard_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (optind != argc - 2) {
qemuio_command_usage(&discard_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (offset < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[optind]);
return offset;
}
optind++;
bytes = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
if (bytes < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(bytes, argv[optind]);
return bytes;
} else if (bytes > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES) {
printf("length cannot exceed %"PRIu64", given %s\n",
(uint64_t)BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES, argv[optind]);
return -EINVAL;
}
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t1);
ret = blk_pdiscard(blk, offset, bytes);
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("discard failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
return ret;
}
/* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
if (!qflag) {
t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
print_report("discard", &t2, offset, bytes, bytes, 1, Cflag);
}
return 0;
}
static int alloc_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
int64_t offset, start, remaining, count;
char s1[64];
int ret;
int64_t num, sum_alloc;
start = offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
if (offset < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(offset, argv[1]);
return offset;
}
if (argc == 3) {
count = cvtnum(argv[2]);
if (count < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(count, argv[2]);
return count;
}
} else {
count = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
remaining = count;
sum_alloc = 0;
while (remaining) {
ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, remaining, &num);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("is_allocated failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
return ret;
}
offset += num;
remaining -= num;
if (ret) {
sum_alloc += num;
}
if (num == 0) {
count -= remaining;
remaining = 0;
}
}
cvtstr(start, s1, sizeof(s1));
printf("%"PRId64"/%"PRId64" bytes allocated at offset %s\n",
sum_alloc, count, s1);
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
.name = "alloc",
.altname = "a",
.argmin = 1,
.argmax = 2,
.cfunc = alloc_f,
.args = "offset [count]",
.oneline = "checks if offset is allocated in the file",
};
static int map_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
int64_t bytes, int64_t *pnum)
{
int64_t num;
int num_checked;
int ret, firstret;
num_checked = MIN(bytes, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES);
ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, num_checked, &num);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
firstret = ret;
*pnum = num;
while (bytes > 0 && ret == firstret) {
offset += num;
bytes -= num;
num_checked = MIN(bytes, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES);
ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, num_checked, &num);
if (ret == firstret && num) {
*pnum += num;
} else {
break;
}
}
return firstret;
}
static int map_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
int64_t offset, bytes;
char s1[64], s2[64];
int64_t num;
int ret;
const char *retstr;
offset = 0;
bytes = blk_getlength(blk);
if (bytes < 0) {
error_report("Failed to query image length: %s", strerror(-bytes));
return bytes;
}
while (bytes) {
ret = map_is_allocated(blk_bs(blk), offset, bytes, &num);
if (ret < 0) {
error_report("Failed to get allocation status: %s", strerror(-ret));
return ret;
} else if (!num) {
error_report("Unexpected end of image");
return -EIO;
}
retstr = ret ? " allocated" : "not allocated";
cvtstr(num, s1, sizeof(s1));
cvtstr(offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
printf("%s (0x%" PRIx64 ") bytes %s at offset %s (0x%" PRIx64 ")\n",
s1, num, retstr, s2, offset);
offset += num;
bytes -= num;
}
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t map_cmd = {
.name = "map",
.argmin = 0,
.argmax = 0,
.cfunc = map_f,
.args = "",
.oneline = "prints the allocated areas of a file",
};
static void reopen_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" Changes the open options of an already opened image\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'reopen -o lazy-refcounts=on' - activates lazy refcount writeback on a qcow2 image\n"
"\n"
" -r, -- Reopen the image read-only\n"
" -w, -- Reopen the image read-write\n"
" -c, -- Change the cache mode to the given value\n"
" -o, -- Changes block driver options (cf. 'open' command)\n"
"\n");
}
static int reopen_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static QemuOptsList reopen_opts = {
.name = "reopen",
.merge_lists = true,
.head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(reopen_opts.head),
.desc = {
/* no elements => accept any params */
{ /* end of list */ }
},
};
static const cmdinfo_t reopen_cmd = {
.name = "reopen",
.argmin = 0,
.argmax = -1,
.cfunc = reopen_f,
.args = "[(-r|-w)] [-c cache] [-o options]",
.oneline = "reopens an image with new options",
.help = reopen_help,
};
static int reopen_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
QemuOpts *qopts;
QDict *opts;
int c;
int flags = bs->open_flags;
bool writethrough = !blk_enable_write_cache(blk);
bool has_rw_option = false;
bool has_cache_option = false;
BlockReopenQueue *brq;
Error *local_err = NULL;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:o:rw")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'c':
if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
has_cache_option = true;
break;
case 'o':
if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&reopen_opts, optarg, 0)) {
qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
case 'r':
if (has_rw_option) {
error_report("Only one -r/-w option may be given");
return -EINVAL;
}
flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
has_rw_option = true;
break;
case 'w':
if (has_rw_option) {
error_report("Only one -r/-w option may be given");
return -EINVAL;
}
flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
has_rw_option = true;
break;
default:
qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
qemuio_command_usage(&reopen_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (optind != argc) {
qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
qemuio_command_usage(&reopen_cmd);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!writethrough != blk_enable_write_cache(blk) &&
blk_get_attached_dev(blk))
{
error_report("Cannot change cache.writeback: Device attached");
qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
return -EBUSY;
}
if (!(flags & BDRV_O_RDWR)) {
uint64_t orig_perm, orig_shared_perm;
bdrv_drain(bs);
blk_get_perm(blk, &orig_perm, &orig_shared_perm);
blk_set_perm(blk,
orig_perm & ~(BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED),
orig_shared_perm,
&error_abort);
}
qopts = qemu_opts_find(&reopen_opts, NULL);
opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : qdict_new();
qemu_opts_reset(&reopen_opts);
if (qdict_haskey(opts, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY)) {
if (has_rw_option) {
error_report("Cannot set both -r/-w and '" BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY "'");
qobject_unref(opts);
return -EINVAL;
}
} else {
qdict_put_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_READ_ONLY, !(flags & BDRV_O_RDWR));
}
if (qdict_haskey(opts, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT) ||
qdict_haskey(opts, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH)) {
if (has_cache_option) {
error_report("Cannot set both -c and the cache options");
qobject_unref(opts);
return -EINVAL;
}
} else {
qdict_put_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_DIRECT, flags & BDRV_O_NOCACHE);
qdict_put_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_CACHE_NO_FLUSH, flags & BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH);
}
bdrv_subtree_drained_begin(bs);
brq = bdrv_reopen_queue(NULL, bs, opts, true);
bdrv_reopen_multiple(brq, &local_err);
bdrv_subtree_drained_end(bs);
if (local_err) {
error_report_err(local_err);
return -EINVAL;
}
blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk, !writethrough);
return 0;
}
static int break_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
int ret;
ret = bdrv_debug_breakpoint(blk_bs(blk), argv[1], argv[2]);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("Could not set breakpoint: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int remove_break_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
int ret;
ret = bdrv_debug_remove_breakpoint(blk_bs(blk), argv[1]);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("Could not remove breakpoint %s: %s\n", argv[1], strerror(-ret));
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t break_cmd = {
.name = "break",
.argmin = 2,
.argmax = 2,
.cfunc = break_f,
.args = "event tag",
.oneline = "sets a breakpoint on event and tags the stopped "
"request as tag",
};
static const cmdinfo_t remove_break_cmd = {
.name = "remove_break",
.argmin = 1,
.argmax = 1,
.cfunc = remove_break_f,
.args = "tag",
.oneline = "remove a breakpoint by tag",
};
static int resume_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
int ret;
ret = bdrv_debug_resume(blk_bs(blk), argv[1]);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("Could not resume request: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t resume_cmd = {
.name = "resume",
.argmin = 1,
.argmax = 1,
.cfunc = resume_f,
.args = "tag",
.oneline = "resumes the request tagged as tag",
};
static int wait_break_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
while (!bdrv_debug_is_suspended(blk_bs(blk), argv[1])) {
aio_poll(blk_get_aio_context(blk), true);
}
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t wait_break_cmd = {
.name = "wait_break",
.argmin = 1,
.argmax = 1,
.cfunc = wait_break_f,
.args = "tag",
.oneline = "waits for the suspension of a request",
};
static int abort_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
abort();
}
static const cmdinfo_t abort_cmd = {
.name = "abort",
.cfunc = abort_f,
.flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
.oneline = "simulate a program crash using abort(3)",
};
static void sigraise_help(void)
{
printf(
"\n"
" raises the given signal\n"
"\n"
" Example:\n"
" 'sigraise %i' - raises SIGTERM\n"
"\n"
" Invokes raise(signal), where \"signal\" is the mandatory integer argument\n"
" given to sigraise.\n"
"\n", SIGTERM);
}
static int sigraise_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
static const cmdinfo_t sigraise_cmd = {
.name = "sigraise",
.cfunc = sigraise_f,
.argmin = 1,
.argmax = 1,
.flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
.args = "signal",
.oneline = "raises a signal",
.help = sigraise_help,
};
static int sigraise_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
int64_t sig = cvtnum(argv[1]);
if (sig < 0) {
print_cvtnum_err(sig, argv[1]);
return sig;
} else if (sig > NSIG) {
printf("signal argument '%s' is too large to be a valid signal\n",
argv[1]);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* Using raise() to kill this process does not necessarily flush all open
* streams. At least stdout and stderr (although the latter should be
* non-buffered anyway) should be flushed, though. */
fflush(stdout);
fflush(stderr);
raise(sig);
return 0;
}
static void sleep_cb(void *opaque)
{
bool *expired = opaque;
*expired = true;
}
static int sleep_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
char *endptr;
long ms;
struct QEMUTimer *timer;
bool expired = false;
ms = strtol(argv[1], &endptr, 0);
if (ms < 0 || *endptr != '\0') {
printf("%s is not a valid number\n", argv[1]);
return -EINVAL;
}
timer = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_HOST, sleep_cb, &expired);
timer_mod(timer, qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_HOST) + SCALE_MS * ms);
while (!expired) {
main_loop_wait(false);
}
timer_free(timer);
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t sleep_cmd = {
.name = "sleep",
.argmin = 1,
.argmax = 1,
.cfunc = sleep_f,
.flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
.oneline = "waits for the given value in milliseconds",
};
static void help_oneline(const char *cmd, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
{
printf("%s ", cmd);
if (ct->args) {
printf("%s ", ct->args);
}
printf("-- %s\n", ct->oneline);
}
static void help_onecmd(const char *cmd, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
{
help_oneline(cmd, ct);
if (ct->help) {
ct->help();
}
}
static void help_all(void)
{
const cmdinfo_t *ct;
for (ct = cmdtab; ct < &cmdtab[ncmds]; ct++) {
help_oneline(ct->name, ct);
}
printf("\nUse 'help commandname' for extended help.\n");
}
static int help_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
{
const cmdinfo_t *ct;
if (argc < 2) {
help_all();
return 0;
}
ct = find_command(argv[1]);
if (ct == NULL) {
printf("command %s not found\n", argv[1]);
return -EINVAL;
}
help_onecmd(argv[1], ct);
return 0;
}
static const cmdinfo_t help_cmd = {
.name = "help",
.altname = "?",
.cfunc = help_f,
.argmin = 0,
.argmax = 1,
.flags = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
.args = "[command]",
.oneline = "help for one or all commands",
};
/*
* Called with aio context of blk acquired. Or with qemu_get_aio_context()
* context acquired if blk is NULL.
*/
int qemuio_command(BlockBackend *blk, const char *cmd)
{
char *input;
const cmdinfo_t *ct;
char **v;
int c;
int ret = 0;
input = g_strdup(cmd);
v = breakline(input, &c);
if (c) {
ct = find_command(v[0]);
if (ct) {
ret = command(blk, ct, c, v);
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "command \"%s\" not found\n", v[0]);
ret = -EINVAL;
}
}
g_free(input);
g_free(v);
return ret;
}
static void __attribute((constructor)) init_qemuio_commands(void)
{
/* initialize commands */
qemuio_add_command(&help_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&read_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&readv_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&write_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&writev_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&flush_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&truncate_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&length_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&info_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&discard_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&alloc_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&map_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&reopen_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&break_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&remove_break_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&resume_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&wait_break_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&abort_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&sleep_cmd);
qemuio_add_command(&sigraise_cmd);
}