target/arm/tcg/pauth_helper.c - qemu - Git at Google

 /*
  * ARM v8.3-PAuth Operations
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2019 Linaro, Ltd.
  *
  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  *
  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */

 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "cpu.h"
 #include "internals.h"
 #include "exec/exec-all.h"
 #include "exec/cpu_ldst.h"
 #include "exec/helper-proto.h"
 #include "tcg/tcg-gvec-desc.h"
 #include "qemu/xxhash.h"


 static uint64_t pac_cell_shuffle(uint64_t i)
 {
     uint64_t o = 0;

     o |= extract64(i, 52, 4);
     o |= extract64(i, 24, 4) << 4;
     o |= extract64(i, 44, 4) << 8;
     o |= extract64(i,  0, 4) << 12;

     o |= extract64(i, 28, 4) << 16;
     o |= extract64(i, 48, 4) << 20;
     o |= extract64(i,  4, 4) << 24;
     o |= extract64(i, 40, 4) << 28;

     o |= extract64(i, 32, 4) << 32;
     o |= extract64(i, 12, 4) << 36;
     o |= extract64(i, 56, 4) << 40;
     o |= extract64(i, 20, 4) << 44;

     o |= extract64(i,  8, 4) << 48;
     o |= extract64(i, 36, 4) << 52;
     o |= extract64(i, 16, 4) << 56;
     o |= extract64(i, 60, 4) << 60;

     return o;
 }

 static uint64_t pac_cell_inv_shuffle(uint64_t i)
 {
     uint64_t o = 0;

     o |= extract64(i, 12, 4);
     o |= extract64(i, 24, 4) << 4;
     o |= extract64(i, 48, 4) << 8;
     o |= extract64(i, 36, 4) << 12;

     o |= extract64(i, 56, 4) << 16;
     o |= extract64(i, 44, 4) << 20;
     o |= extract64(i,  4, 4) << 24;
     o |= extract64(i, 16, 4) << 28;

     o |= i & MAKE_64BIT_MASK(32, 4);
     o |= extract64(i, 52, 4) << 36;
     o |= extract64(i, 28, 4) << 40;
     o |= extract64(i,  8, 4) << 44;

     o |= extract64(i, 20, 4) << 48;
     o |= extract64(i,  0, 4) << 52;
     o |= extract64(i, 40, 4) << 56;
     o |= i & MAKE_64BIT_MASK(60, 4);

     return o;
 }

 static uint64_t pac_sub(uint64_t i)
 {
     static const uint8_t sub[16] = {
         0xb, 0x6, 0x8, 0xf, 0xc, 0x0, 0x9, 0xe,
         0x3, 0x7, 0x4, 0x5, 0xd, 0x2, 0x1, 0xa,
     };
     uint64_t o = 0;
     int b;

     for (b = 0; b < 64; b += 4) {
         o |= (uint64_t)sub[(i >> b) & 0xf] << b;
     }
     return o;
 }

 static uint64_t pac_inv_sub(uint64_t i)
 {
     static const uint8_t inv_sub[16] = {
         0x5, 0xe, 0xd, 0x8, 0xa, 0xb, 0x1, 0x9,
         0x2, 0x6, 0xf, 0x0, 0x4, 0xc, 0x7, 0x3,
     };
     uint64_t o = 0;
     int b;

     for (b = 0; b < 64; b += 4) {
         o |= (uint64_t)inv_sub[(i >> b) & 0xf] << b;
     }
     return o;
 }

 static int rot_cell(int cell, int n)
 {
     /* 4-bit rotate left by n.  */
     cell |= cell << 4;
     return extract32(cell, 4 - n, 4);
 }

 static uint64_t pac_mult(uint64_t i)
 {
     uint64_t o = 0;
     int b;

     for (b = 0; b < 4 * 4; b += 4) {
         int i0, i4, i8, ic, t0, t1, t2, t3;

         i0 = extract64(i, b, 4);
         i4 = extract64(i, b + 4 * 4, 4);
         i8 = extract64(i, b + 8 * 4, 4);
         ic = extract64(i, b + 12 * 4, 4);

         t0 = rot_cell(i8, 1) ^ rot_cell(i4, 2) ^ rot_cell(i0, 1);
         t1 = rot_cell(ic, 1) ^ rot_cell(i4, 1) ^ rot_cell(i0, 2);
         t2 = rot_cell(ic, 2) ^ rot_cell(i8, 1) ^ rot_cell(i0, 1);
         t3 = rot_cell(ic, 1) ^ rot_cell(i8, 2) ^ rot_cell(i4, 1);

         o |= (uint64_t)t3 << b;
         o |= (uint64_t)t2 << (b + 4 * 4);
         o |= (uint64_t)t1 << (b + 8 * 4);
         o |= (uint64_t)t0 << (b + 12 * 4);
     }
     return o;
 }

 static uint64_t tweak_cell_rot(uint64_t cell)
 {
     return (cell >> 1) | (((cell ^ (cell >> 1)) & 1) << 3);
 }

 static uint64_t tweak_shuffle(uint64_t i)
 {
     uint64_t o = 0;

     o |= extract64(i, 16, 4) << 0;
     o |= extract64(i, 20, 4) << 4;
     o |= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 24, 4)) << 8;
     o |= extract64(i, 28, 4) << 12;

     o |= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 44, 4)) << 16;
     o |= extract64(i,  8, 4) << 20;
     o |= extract64(i, 12, 4) << 24;
     o |= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 32, 4)) << 28;

     o |= extract64(i, 48, 4) << 32;
     o |= extract64(i, 52, 4) << 36;
     o |= extract64(i, 56, 4) << 40;
     o |= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 60, 4)) << 44;

     o |= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i,  0, 4)) << 48;
     o |= extract64(i,  4, 4) << 52;
     o |= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 40, 4)) << 56;
     o |= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 36, 4)) << 60;

     return o;
 }

 static uint64_t tweak_cell_inv_rot(uint64_t cell)
 {
     return ((cell << 1) & 0xf) | ((cell & 1) ^ (cell >> 3));
 }

 static uint64_t tweak_inv_shuffle(uint64_t i)
 {
     uint64_t o = 0;

     o |= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 48, 4));
     o |= extract64(i, 52, 4) << 4;
     o |= extract64(i, 20, 4) << 8;
     o |= extract64(i, 24, 4) << 12;

     o |= extract64(i,  0, 4) << 16;
     o |= extract64(i,  4, 4) << 20;
     o |= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i,  8, 4)) << 24;
     o |= extract64(i, 12, 4) << 28;

     o |= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 28, 4)) << 32;
     o |= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 60, 4)) << 36;
     o |= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 56, 4)) << 40;
     o |= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 16, 4)) << 44;

     o |= extract64(i, 32, 4) << 48;
     o |= extract64(i, 36, 4) << 52;
     o |= extract64(i, 40, 4) << 56;
     o |= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 44, 4)) << 60;

     return o;
 }

 static uint64_t pauth_computepac_architected(uint64_t data, uint64_t modifier,
                                              ARMPACKey key)
 {
     static const uint64_t RC[5] = {
         0x0000000000000000ull,
         0x13198A2E03707344ull,
         0xA4093822299F31D0ull,
         0x082EFA98EC4E6C89ull,
         0x452821E638D01377ull,
     };
     const uint64_t alpha = 0xC0AC29B7C97C50DDull;
     /*
      * Note that in the ARM pseudocode, key0 contains bits <127:64>
      * and key1 contains bits <63:0> of the 128-bit key.
      */
     uint64_t key0 = key.hi, key1 = key.lo;
     uint64_t workingval, runningmod, roundkey, modk0;
     int i;

     modk0 = (key0 << 63) | ((key0 >> 1) ^ (key0 >> 63));
     runningmod = modifier;
     workingval = data ^ key0;

     for (i = 0; i <= 4; ++i) {
         roundkey = key1 ^ runningmod;
         workingval ^= roundkey;
         workingval ^= RC[i];
         if (i > 0) {
             workingval = pac_cell_shuffle(workingval);
             workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
         }
         workingval = pac_sub(workingval);
         runningmod = tweak_shuffle(runningmod);
     }
     roundkey = modk0 ^ runningmod;
     workingval ^= roundkey;
     workingval = pac_cell_shuffle(workingval);
     workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
     workingval = pac_sub(workingval);
     workingval = pac_cell_shuffle(workingval);
     workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
     workingval ^= key1;
     workingval = pac_cell_inv_shuffle(workingval);
     workingval = pac_inv_sub(workingval);
     workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
     workingval = pac_cell_inv_shuffle(workingval);
     workingval ^= key0;
     workingval ^= runningmod;
     for (i = 0; i <= 4; ++i) {
         workingval = pac_inv_sub(workingval);
         if (i < 4) {
             workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
             workingval = pac_cell_inv_shuffle(workingval);
         }
         runningmod = tweak_inv_shuffle(runningmod);
         roundkey = key1 ^ runningmod;
         workingval ^= RC[4 - i];
         workingval ^= roundkey;
         workingval ^= alpha;
     }
     workingval ^= modk0;

     return workingval;
 }

 static uint64_t pauth_computepac_impdef(uint64_t data, uint64_t modifier,
                                         ARMPACKey key)
 {
     return qemu_xxhash64_4(data, modifier, key.lo, key.hi);
 }

 static uint64_t pauth_computepac(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t data,
                                  uint64_t modifier, ARMPACKey key)
 {
     if (cpu_isar_feature(aa64_pauth_arch, env_archcpu(env))) {
         return pauth_computepac_architected(data, modifier, key);
     } else {
         return pauth_computepac_impdef(data, modifier, key);
     }
 }

 static uint64_t pauth_addpac(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t ptr, uint64_t modifier,
                              ARMPACKey *key, bool data)
 {
     ARMMMUIdx mmu_idx = arm_stage1_mmu_idx(env);
     ARMVAParameters param = aa64_va_parameters(env, ptr, mmu_idx, data, false);
     uint64_t pac, ext_ptr, ext, test;
     int bot_bit, top_bit;

     /* If tagged pointers are in use, use ptr<55>, otherwise ptr<63>.  */
     if (param.tbi) {
         ext = sextract64(ptr, 55, 1);
     } else {
         ext = sextract64(ptr, 63, 1);
     }

     /* Build a pointer with known good extension bits.  */
     top_bit = 64 - 8 * param.tbi;
     bot_bit = 64 - param.tsz;
     ext_ptr = deposit64(ptr, bot_bit, top_bit - bot_bit, ext);

     pac = pauth_computepac(env, ext_ptr, modifier, *key);

     /*
      * Check if the ptr has good extension bits and corrupt the
      * pointer authentication code if not.
      */
     test = sextract64(ptr, bot_bit, top_bit - bot_bit);
     if (test != 0 && test != -1) {
         /*
          * Note that our top_bit is one greater than the pseudocode's
          * version, hence "- 2" here.
          */
         pac ^= MAKE_64BIT_MASK(top_bit - 2, 1);
     }

     /*
      * Preserve the determination between upper and lower at bit 55,
      * and insert pointer authentication code.
      */
     if (param.tbi) {
         ptr &= ~MAKE_64BIT_MASK(bot_bit, 55 - bot_bit + 1);
         pac &= MAKE_64BIT_MASK(bot_bit, 54 - bot_bit + 1);
     } else {
         ptr &= MAKE_64BIT_MASK(0, bot_bit);
         pac &= ~(MAKE_64BIT_MASK(55, 1) | MAKE_64BIT_MASK(0, bot_bit));
     }
     ext &= MAKE_64BIT_MASK(55, 1);
     return pac | ext | ptr;
 }

 static uint64_t pauth_original_ptr(uint64_t ptr, ARMVAParameters param)
 {
     uint64_t mask = pauth_ptr_mask(param);

     /* Note that bit 55 is used whether or not the regime has 2 ranges. */
     if (extract64(ptr, 55, 1)) {
         return ptr | mask;
     } else {
         return ptr & ~mask;
     }
 }

 static uint64_t pauth_auth(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t ptr, uint64_t modifier,
                            ARMPACKey *key, bool data, int keynumber)
 {
     ARMMMUIdx mmu_idx = arm_stage1_mmu_idx(env);
     ARMVAParameters param = aa64_va_parameters(env, ptr, mmu_idx, data, false);
     int bot_bit, top_bit;
     uint64_t pac, orig_ptr, test;

     orig_ptr = pauth_original_ptr(ptr, param);
     pac = pauth_computepac(env, orig_ptr, modifier, *key);
     bot_bit = 64 - param.tsz;
     top_bit = 64 - 8 * param.tbi;

     test = (pac ^ ptr) & ~MAKE_64BIT_MASK(55, 1);
     if (unlikely(extract64(test, bot_bit, top_bit - bot_bit))) {
         int error_code = (keynumber << 1) | (keynumber ^ 1);
         if (param.tbi) {
             return deposit64(orig_ptr, 53, 2, error_code);
         } else {
             return deposit64(orig_ptr, 61, 2, error_code);
         }
     }
     return orig_ptr;
 }

 static uint64_t pauth_strip(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t ptr, bool data)
 {
     ARMMMUIdx mmu_idx = arm_stage1_mmu_idx(env);
     ARMVAParameters param = aa64_va_parameters(env, ptr, mmu_idx, data, false);

     return pauth_original_ptr(ptr, param);
 }

 static G_NORETURN
 void pauth_trap(CPUARMState *env, int target_el, uintptr_t ra)
 {
     raise_exception_ra(env, EXCP_UDEF, syn_pactrap(), target_el, ra);
 }

 static void pauth_check_trap(CPUARMState *env, int el, uintptr_t ra)
 {
     if (el < 2 && arm_is_el2_enabled(env)) {
         uint64_t hcr = arm_hcr_el2_eff(env);
         bool trap = !(hcr & HCR_API);
         if (el == 0) {
             /* Trap only applies to EL1&0 regime.  */
             trap &= (hcr & (HCR_E2H | HCR_TGE)) != (HCR_E2H | HCR_TGE);
         }
         /* FIXME: ARMv8.3-NV: HCR_NV trap takes precedence for ERETA[AB].  */
         if (trap) {
             pauth_trap(env, 2, ra);
         }
     }
     if (el < 3 && arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_EL3)) {
         if (!(env->cp15.scr_el3 & SCR_API)) {
             pauth_trap(env, 3, ra);
         }
     }
 }

 static bool pauth_key_enabled(CPUARMState *env, int el, uint32_t bit)
 {
     return (arm_sctlr(env, el) & bit) != 0;
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(pacia)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     int el = arm_current_el(env);
     if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnIA)) {
         return x;
     }
     pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
     return pauth_addpac(env, x, y, &env->keys.apia, false);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(pacib)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     int el = arm_current_el(env);
     if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnIB)) {
         return x;
     }
     pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
     return pauth_addpac(env, x, y, &env->keys.apib, false);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(pacda)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     int el = arm_current_el(env);
     if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnDA)) {
         return x;
     }
     pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
     return pauth_addpac(env, x, y, &env->keys.apda, true);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(pacdb)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     int el = arm_current_el(env);
     if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnDB)) {
         return x;
     }
     pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
     return pauth_addpac(env, x, y, &env->keys.apdb, true);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(pacga)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     uint64_t pac;

     pauth_check_trap(env, arm_current_el(env), GETPC());
     pac = pauth_computepac(env, x, y, env->keys.apga);

     return pac & 0xffffffff00000000ull;
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(autia)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     int el = arm_current_el(env);
     if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnIA)) {
         return x;
     }
     pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
     return pauth_auth(env, x, y, &env->keys.apia, false, 0);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(autib)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     int el = arm_current_el(env);
     if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnIB)) {
         return x;
     }
     pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
     return pauth_auth(env, x, y, &env->keys.apib, false, 1);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(autda)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     int el = arm_current_el(env);
     if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnDA)) {
         return x;
     }
     pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
     return pauth_auth(env, x, y, &env->keys.apda, true, 0);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(autdb)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
 {
     int el = arm_current_el(env);
     if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnDB)) {
         return x;
     }
     pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
     return pauth_auth(env, x, y, &env->keys.apdb, true, 1);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(xpaci)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t a)
 {
     return pauth_strip(env, a, false);
 }

 uint64_t HELPER(xpacd)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t a)
 {
     return pauth_strip(env, a, true);
 }
	/*
	* ARM v8.3-PAuth Operations
	*
	* Copyright (c) 2019 Linaro, Ltd.
	*
	* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
	* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
	* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
	* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	*
	* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
	* Lesser General Public License for more details.
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
	* License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	*/

	#include "qemu/osdep.h"
	#include "cpu.h"
	#include "internals.h"
	#include "exec/exec-all.h"
	#include "exec/cpu_ldst.h"
	#include "exec/helper-proto.h"
	#include "tcg/tcg-gvec-desc.h"
	#include "qemu/xxhash.h"


	static uint64_t pac_cell_shuffle(uint64_t i)
	{
	uint64_t o = 0;

	o \|= extract64(i, 52, 4);
	o \|= extract64(i, 24, 4) << 4;
	o \|= extract64(i, 44, 4) << 8;
	o \|= extract64(i, 0, 4) << 12;

	o \|= extract64(i, 28, 4) << 16;
	o \|= extract64(i, 48, 4) << 20;
	o \|= extract64(i, 4, 4) << 24;
	o \|= extract64(i, 40, 4) << 28;

	o \|= extract64(i, 32, 4) << 32;
	o \|= extract64(i, 12, 4) << 36;
	o \|= extract64(i, 56, 4) << 40;
	o \|= extract64(i, 20, 4) << 44;

	o \|= extract64(i, 8, 4) << 48;
	o \|= extract64(i, 36, 4) << 52;
	o \|= extract64(i, 16, 4) << 56;
	o \|= extract64(i, 60, 4) << 60;

	return o;
	}

	static uint64_t pac_cell_inv_shuffle(uint64_t i)
	{
	uint64_t o = 0;

	o \|= extract64(i, 12, 4);
	o \|= extract64(i, 24, 4) << 4;
	o \|= extract64(i, 48, 4) << 8;
	o \|= extract64(i, 36, 4) << 12;

	o \|= extract64(i, 56, 4) << 16;
	o \|= extract64(i, 44, 4) << 20;
	o \|= extract64(i, 4, 4) << 24;
	o \|= extract64(i, 16, 4) << 28;

	o \|= i & MAKE_64BIT_MASK(32, 4);
	o \|= extract64(i, 52, 4) << 36;
	o \|= extract64(i, 28, 4) << 40;
	o \|= extract64(i, 8, 4) << 44;

	o \|= extract64(i, 20, 4) << 48;
	o \|= extract64(i, 0, 4) << 52;
	o \|= extract64(i, 40, 4) << 56;
	o \|= i & MAKE_64BIT_MASK(60, 4);

	return o;
	}

	static uint64_t pac_sub(uint64_t i)
	{
	static const uint8_t sub[16] = {
	0xb, 0x6, 0x8, 0xf, 0xc, 0x0, 0x9, 0xe,
	0x3, 0x7, 0x4, 0x5, 0xd, 0x2, 0x1, 0xa,
	};
	uint64_t o = 0;
	int b;

	for (b = 0; b < 64; b += 4) {
	o \|= (uint64_t)sub[(i >> b) & 0xf] << b;
	}
	return o;
	}

	static uint64_t pac_inv_sub(uint64_t i)
	{
	static const uint8_t inv_sub[16] = {
	0x5, 0xe, 0xd, 0x8, 0xa, 0xb, 0x1, 0x9,
	0x2, 0x6, 0xf, 0x0, 0x4, 0xc, 0x7, 0x3,
	};
	uint64_t o = 0;
	int b;

	for (b = 0; b < 64; b += 4) {
	o \|= (uint64_t)inv_sub[(i >> b) & 0xf] << b;
	}
	return o;
	}

	static int rot_cell(int cell, int n)
	{
	/* 4-bit rotate left by n. */
	cell \|= cell << 4;
	return extract32(cell, 4 - n, 4);
	}

	static uint64_t pac_mult(uint64_t i)
	{
	uint64_t o = 0;
	int b;

	for (b = 0; b < 4 * 4; b += 4) {
	int i0, i4, i8, ic, t0, t1, t2, t3;

	i0 = extract64(i, b, 4);
	i4 = extract64(i, b + 4 * 4, 4);
	i8 = extract64(i, b + 8 * 4, 4);
	ic = extract64(i, b + 12 * 4, 4);

	t0 = rot_cell(i8, 1) ^ rot_cell(i4, 2) ^ rot_cell(i0, 1);
	t1 = rot_cell(ic, 1) ^ rot_cell(i4, 1) ^ rot_cell(i0, 2);
	t2 = rot_cell(ic, 2) ^ rot_cell(i8, 1) ^ rot_cell(i0, 1);
	t3 = rot_cell(ic, 1) ^ rot_cell(i8, 2) ^ rot_cell(i4, 1);

	o \|= (uint64_t)t3 << b;
	o \|= (uint64_t)t2 << (b + 4 * 4);
	o \|= (uint64_t)t1 << (b + 8 * 4);
	o \|= (uint64_t)t0 << (b + 12 * 4);
	}
	return o;
	}

	static uint64_t tweak_cell_rot(uint64_t cell)
	{
	return (cell >> 1) \| (((cell ^ (cell >> 1)) & 1) << 3);
	}

	static uint64_t tweak_shuffle(uint64_t i)
	{
	uint64_t o = 0;

	o \|= extract64(i, 16, 4) << 0;
	o \|= extract64(i, 20, 4) << 4;
	o \|= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 24, 4)) << 8;
	o \|= extract64(i, 28, 4) << 12;

	o \|= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 44, 4)) << 16;
	o \|= extract64(i, 8, 4) << 20;
	o \|= extract64(i, 12, 4) << 24;
	o \|= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 32, 4)) << 28;

	o \|= extract64(i, 48, 4) << 32;
	o \|= extract64(i, 52, 4) << 36;
	o \|= extract64(i, 56, 4) << 40;
	o \|= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 60, 4)) << 44;

	o \|= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 0, 4)) << 48;
	o \|= extract64(i, 4, 4) << 52;
	o \|= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 40, 4)) << 56;
	o \|= tweak_cell_rot(extract64(i, 36, 4)) << 60;

	return o;
	}

	static uint64_t tweak_cell_inv_rot(uint64_t cell)
	{
	return ((cell << 1) & 0xf) \| ((cell & 1) ^ (cell >> 3));
	}

	static uint64_t tweak_inv_shuffle(uint64_t i)
	{
	uint64_t o = 0;

	o \|= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 48, 4));
	o \|= extract64(i, 52, 4) << 4;
	o \|= extract64(i, 20, 4) << 8;
	o \|= extract64(i, 24, 4) << 12;

	o \|= extract64(i, 0, 4) << 16;
	o \|= extract64(i, 4, 4) << 20;
	o \|= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 8, 4)) << 24;
	o \|= extract64(i, 12, 4) << 28;

	o \|= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 28, 4)) << 32;
	o \|= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 60, 4)) << 36;
	o \|= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 56, 4)) << 40;
	o \|= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 16, 4)) << 44;

	o \|= extract64(i, 32, 4) << 48;
	o \|= extract64(i, 36, 4) << 52;
	o \|= extract64(i, 40, 4) << 56;
	o \|= tweak_cell_inv_rot(extract64(i, 44, 4)) << 60;

	return o;
	}

	static uint64_t pauth_computepac_architected(uint64_t data, uint64_t modifier,
	ARMPACKey key)
	{
	static const uint64_t RC[5] = {
	0x0000000000000000ull,
	0x13198A2E03707344ull,
	0xA4093822299F31D0ull,
	0x082EFA98EC4E6C89ull,
	0x452821E638D01377ull,
	};
	const uint64_t alpha = 0xC0AC29B7C97C50DDull;
	/*
	* Note that in the ARM pseudocode, key0 contains bits <127:64>
	* and key1 contains bits <63:0> of the 128-bit key.
	*/
	uint64_t key0 = key.hi, key1 = key.lo;
	uint64_t workingval, runningmod, roundkey, modk0;
	int i;

	modk0 = (key0 << 63) \| ((key0 >> 1) ^ (key0 >> 63));
	runningmod = modifier;
	workingval = data ^ key0;

	for (i = 0; i <= 4; ++i) {
	roundkey = key1 ^ runningmod;
	workingval ^= roundkey;
	workingval ^= RC[i];
	if (i > 0) {
	workingval = pac_cell_shuffle(workingval);
	workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
	}
	workingval = pac_sub(workingval);
	runningmod = tweak_shuffle(runningmod);
	}
	roundkey = modk0 ^ runningmod;
	workingval ^= roundkey;
	workingval = pac_cell_shuffle(workingval);
	workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
	workingval = pac_sub(workingval);
	workingval = pac_cell_shuffle(workingval);
	workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
	workingval ^= key1;
	workingval = pac_cell_inv_shuffle(workingval);
	workingval = pac_inv_sub(workingval);
	workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
	workingval = pac_cell_inv_shuffle(workingval);
	workingval ^= key0;
	workingval ^= runningmod;
	for (i = 0; i <= 4; ++i) {
	workingval = pac_inv_sub(workingval);
	if (i < 4) {
	workingval = pac_mult(workingval);
	workingval = pac_cell_inv_shuffle(workingval);
	}
	runningmod = tweak_inv_shuffle(runningmod);
	roundkey = key1 ^ runningmod;
	workingval ^= RC[4 - i];
	workingval ^= roundkey;
	workingval ^= alpha;
	}
	workingval ^= modk0;

	return workingval;
	}

	static uint64_t pauth_computepac_impdef(uint64_t data, uint64_t modifier,
	ARMPACKey key)
	{
	return qemu_xxhash64_4(data, modifier, key.lo, key.hi);
	}

	static uint64_t pauth_computepac(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t data,
	uint64_t modifier, ARMPACKey key)
	{
	if (cpu_isar_feature(aa64_pauth_arch, env_archcpu(env))) {
	return pauth_computepac_architected(data, modifier, key);
	} else {
	return pauth_computepac_impdef(data, modifier, key);
	}
	}

	static uint64_t pauth_addpac(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t ptr, uint64_t modifier,
	ARMPACKey *key, bool data)
	{
	ARMMMUIdx mmu_idx = arm_stage1_mmu_idx(env);
	ARMVAParameters param = aa64_va_parameters(env, ptr, mmu_idx, data, false);
	uint64_t pac, ext_ptr, ext, test;
	int bot_bit, top_bit;

	/* If tagged pointers are in use, use ptr<55>, otherwise ptr<63>. */
	if (param.tbi) {
	ext = sextract64(ptr, 55, 1);
	} else {
	ext = sextract64(ptr, 63, 1);
	}

	/* Build a pointer with known good extension bits. */
	top_bit = 64 - 8 * param.tbi;
	bot_bit = 64 - param.tsz;
	ext_ptr = deposit64(ptr, bot_bit, top_bit - bot_bit, ext);

	pac = pauth_computepac(env, ext_ptr, modifier, *key);

	/*
	* Check if the ptr has good extension bits and corrupt the
	* pointer authentication code if not.
	*/
	test = sextract64(ptr, bot_bit, top_bit - bot_bit);
	if (test != 0 && test != -1) {
	/*
	* Note that our top_bit is one greater than the pseudocode's
	* version, hence "- 2" here.
	*/
	pac ^= MAKE_64BIT_MASK(top_bit - 2, 1);
	}

	/*
	* Preserve the determination between upper and lower at bit 55,
	* and insert pointer authentication code.
	*/
	if (param.tbi) {
	ptr &= ~MAKE_64BIT_MASK(bot_bit, 55 - bot_bit + 1);
	pac &= MAKE_64BIT_MASK(bot_bit, 54 - bot_bit + 1);
	} else {
	ptr &= MAKE_64BIT_MASK(0, bot_bit);
	pac &= ~(MAKE_64BIT_MASK(55, 1) \| MAKE_64BIT_MASK(0, bot_bit));
	}
	ext &= MAKE_64BIT_MASK(55, 1);
	return pac \| ext \| ptr;
	}

	static uint64_t pauth_original_ptr(uint64_t ptr, ARMVAParameters param)
	{
	uint64_t mask = pauth_ptr_mask(param);

	/* Note that bit 55 is used whether or not the regime has 2 ranges. */
	if (extract64(ptr, 55, 1)) {
	return ptr \| mask;
	} else {
	return ptr & ~mask;
	}
	}

	static uint64_t pauth_auth(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t ptr, uint64_t modifier,
	ARMPACKey *key, bool data, int keynumber)
	{
	ARMMMUIdx mmu_idx = arm_stage1_mmu_idx(env);
	ARMVAParameters param = aa64_va_parameters(env, ptr, mmu_idx, data, false);
	int bot_bit, top_bit;
	uint64_t pac, orig_ptr, test;

	orig_ptr = pauth_original_ptr(ptr, param);
	pac = pauth_computepac(env, orig_ptr, modifier, *key);
	bot_bit = 64 - param.tsz;
	top_bit = 64 - 8 * param.tbi;

	test = (pac ^ ptr) & ~MAKE_64BIT_MASK(55, 1);
	if (unlikely(extract64(test, bot_bit, top_bit - bot_bit))) {
	int error_code = (keynumber << 1) \| (keynumber ^ 1);
	if (param.tbi) {
	return deposit64(orig_ptr, 53, 2, error_code);
	} else {
	return deposit64(orig_ptr, 61, 2, error_code);
	}
	}
	return orig_ptr;
	}

	static uint64_t pauth_strip(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t ptr, bool data)
	{
	ARMMMUIdx mmu_idx = arm_stage1_mmu_idx(env);
	ARMVAParameters param = aa64_va_parameters(env, ptr, mmu_idx, data, false);

	return pauth_original_ptr(ptr, param);
	}

	static G_NORETURN
	void pauth_trap(CPUARMState *env, int target_el, uintptr_t ra)
	{
	raise_exception_ra(env, EXCP_UDEF, syn_pactrap(), target_el, ra);
	}

	static void pauth_check_trap(CPUARMState *env, int el, uintptr_t ra)
	{
	if (el < 2 && arm_is_el2_enabled(env)) {
	uint64_t hcr = arm_hcr_el2_eff(env);
	bool trap = !(hcr & HCR_API);
	if (el == 0) {
	/* Trap only applies to EL1&0 regime. */
	trap &= (hcr & (HCR_E2H \| HCR_TGE)) != (HCR_E2H \| HCR_TGE);
	}
	/* FIXME: ARMv8.3-NV: HCR_NV trap takes precedence for ERETA[AB]. */
	if (trap) {
	pauth_trap(env, 2, ra);
	}
	}
	if (el < 3 && arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_EL3)) {
	if (!(env->cp15.scr_el3 & SCR_API)) {
	pauth_trap(env, 3, ra);
	}
	}
	}

	static bool pauth_key_enabled(CPUARMState *env, int el, uint32_t bit)
	{
	return (arm_sctlr(env, el) & bit) != 0;
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(pacia)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	int el = arm_current_el(env);
	if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnIA)) {
	return x;
	}
	pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
	return pauth_addpac(env, x, y, &env->keys.apia, false);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(pacib)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	int el = arm_current_el(env);
	if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnIB)) {
	return x;
	}
	pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
	return pauth_addpac(env, x, y, &env->keys.apib, false);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(pacda)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	int el = arm_current_el(env);
	if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnDA)) {
	return x;
	}
	pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
	return pauth_addpac(env, x, y, &env->keys.apda, true);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(pacdb)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	int el = arm_current_el(env);
	if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnDB)) {
	return x;
	}
	pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
	return pauth_addpac(env, x, y, &env->keys.apdb, true);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(pacga)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	uint64_t pac;

	pauth_check_trap(env, arm_current_el(env), GETPC());
	pac = pauth_computepac(env, x, y, env->keys.apga);

	return pac & 0xffffffff00000000ull;
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(autia)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	int el = arm_current_el(env);
	if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnIA)) {
	return x;
	}
	pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
	return pauth_auth(env, x, y, &env->keys.apia, false, 0);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(autib)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	int el = arm_current_el(env);
	if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnIB)) {
	return x;
	}
	pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
	return pauth_auth(env, x, y, &env->keys.apib, false, 1);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(autda)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	int el = arm_current_el(env);
	if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnDA)) {
	return x;
	}
	pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
	return pauth_auth(env, x, y, &env->keys.apda, true, 0);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(autdb)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
	{
	int el = arm_current_el(env);
	if (!pauth_key_enabled(env, el, SCTLR_EnDB)) {
	return x;
	}
	pauth_check_trap(env, el, GETPC());
	return pauth_auth(env, x, y, &env->keys.apdb, true, 1);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(xpaci)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t a)
	{
	return pauth_strip(env, a, false);
	}

	uint64_t HELPER(xpacd)(CPUARMState *env, uint64_t a)
	{
	return pauth_strip(env, a, true);
	}