|  | .. _submitting-a-pull-request: | 
|  |  | 
|  | Submitting a Pull Request | 
|  | ========================= | 
|  |  | 
|  | QEMU welcomes contributions of code, but we generally expect these to be | 
|  | sent as simple patch emails to the mailing list (see our page on | 
|  | :ref:`submitting-a-patch` | 
|  | for more details).  Generally only existing submaintainers of a tree | 
|  | will need to submit pull requests, although occasionally for a large | 
|  | patch series we might ask a submitter to send a pull request. This page | 
|  | documents our recommendations on pull requests for those people. | 
|  |  | 
|  | A good rule of thumb is not to send a pull request unless somebody asks | 
|  | you to. | 
|  |  | 
|  | **Resend the patches with the pull request** as emails which are | 
|  | threaded as follow-ups to the pull request itself. The simplest way to | 
|  | do this is to use ``git format-patch --cover-letter`` to create the | 
|  | emails, and then edit the cover letter to include the pull request | 
|  | details that ``git request-pull`` outputs. | 
|  |  | 
|  | **Use PULL as the subject line tag** in both the cover letter and the | 
|  | retransmitted patch mails (for example, by using | 
|  | ``--subject-prefix=PULL`` in your ``git format-patch`` command). This | 
|  | helps people to filter in or out the resulting emails (especially useful | 
|  | if they are only CC'd on one email out of the set). | 
|  |  | 
|  | **Each patch must have your own Signed-off-by: line** as well as that of | 
|  | the original author if the patch was not written by you. This is because | 
|  | with a pull request you're now indicating that the patch has passed via | 
|  | you rather than directly from the original author. | 
|  |  | 
|  | **Don't forget to add Reviewed-by: and Acked-by: lines**. When other | 
|  | people have reviewed the patches you're putting in the pull request, | 
|  | make sure you've copied their signoffs across. (If you use the `patches | 
|  | tool <https://github.com/stefanha/patches>`__ to add patches from email | 
|  | directly to your git repo it will include the tags automatically; if | 
|  | you're updating patches manually or in some other way you'll need to | 
|  | edit the commit messages by hand.) | 
|  |  | 
|  | **Don't send pull requests for code that hasn't passed review**. A pull | 
|  | request says these patches are ready to go into QEMU now, so they must | 
|  | have passed the standard code review processes. In particular if you've | 
|  | corrected issues in one round of code review, you need to send your | 
|  | fixed patch series as normal to the list; you can't put it in a pull | 
|  | request until it's gone through. (Extremely trivial fixes may be OK to | 
|  | just fix in passing, but if in doubt err on the side of not.) | 
|  |  | 
|  | **Test before sending**. This is an obvious thing to say, but make sure | 
|  | everything builds (including that it compiles at each step of the patch | 
|  | series) and that "make check" passes before sending out the pull | 
|  | request. As a submaintainer you're one of QEMU's lines of defense | 
|  | against bad code, so double check the details. | 
|  |  | 
|  | **All pull requests must be signed**. By "signed" here we mean that | 
|  | the pullreq email should quote a tag which is a GPG-signed tag (as | 
|  | created with 'gpg tag -s ...'). See :ref:`maintainer_keys` for | 
|  | details. | 
|  |  | 
|  | **Pull requests not for master should say "not for master" and have | 
|  | "PULL SUBSYSTEM whatever" in the subject tag**. If your pull request is | 
|  | targeting a stable branch or some submaintainer tree, please include the | 
|  | string "not for master" in the cover letter email, and make sure the | 
|  | subject tag is "PULL SUBSYSTEM s390/block/whatever" rather than just | 
|  | "PULL". This allows it to be automatically filtered out of the set of | 
|  | pull requests that should be applied to master. | 
|  |  | 
|  | You might be interested in the `make-pullreq | 
|  | <https://git.linaro.org/people/peter.maydell/misc-scripts.git/tree/make-pullreq>`__ | 
|  | script which automates some of this process for you and includes a few | 
|  | sanity checks. Note that you must edit it to configure it suitably for | 
|  | your local situation! |