hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.c - qemu - Git at Google

 /*
  * Nuvoton NPCM7xx OTP (Fuse Array) Interface
  *
  * Copyright 2020 Google LLC
  *
  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
  * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  * (at your option) any later version.
  *
  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
  * for more details.
  */

 #include "qemu/osdep.h"

 #include "hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h"
 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qemu/bitops.h"
 #include "qemu/log.h"
 #include "qemu/module.h"
 #include "qemu/units.h"

 /* Each module has 4 KiB of register space. Only a fraction of it is used. */
 #define NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_SIZE (4 * KiB)

 /* 32-bit register indices. */
 typedef enum NPCM7xxOTPRegister {
     NPCM7XX_OTP_FST,
     NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR,
     NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA,
     NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG,
     /* Offset 0x10 is FKEYIND in OTP1, FUSTRAP in OTP2 */
     NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND = 0x0010 / sizeof(uint32_t),
     NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP = 0x0010 / sizeof(uint32_t),
     NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL,
     NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_END,
 } NPCM7xxOTPRegister;

 /* Register field definitions. */
 #define FST_RIEN BIT(2)
 #define FST_RDST BIT(1)
 #define FST_RDY BIT(0)
 #define FST_RO_MASK (FST_RDST | FST_RDY)

 #define FADDR_BYTEADDR(rv) extract32((rv), 0, 10)
 #define FADDR_BITPOS(rv) extract32((rv), 10, 3)

 #define FDATA_CLEAR 0x00000001

 #define FCFG_FDIS BIT(31)
 #define FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK 0x00ff0000

 #define FCTL_PROG_CMD1 0x00000001
 #define FCTL_PROG_CMD2 0xbf79e5d0
 #define FCTL_READ_CMD 0x00000002

 /**
  * struct NPCM7xxOTPClass - OTP module class.
  * @parent: System bus device class.
  * @mmio_ops: MMIO register operations for this type of module.
  *
  * The two OTP modules (key-storage and fuse-array) have slightly different
  * behavior, so we give them different MMIO register operations.
  */
 struct NPCM7xxOTPClass {
     SysBusDeviceClass parent;

     const MemoryRegionOps *mmio_ops;
 };

 #define NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass) \
     OBJECT_CLASS_CHECK(NPCM7xxOTPClass, (klass), TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP)
 #define NPCM7XX_OTP_GET_CLASS(obj) \
     OBJECT_GET_CLASS(NPCM7xxOTPClass, (obj), TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP)

 static uint8_t ecc_encode_nibble(uint8_t n)
 {
     uint8_t result = n;

     result |= (((n >> 0) & 1) ^ ((n >> 1) & 1)) << 4;
     result |= (((n >> 2) & 1) ^ ((n >> 3) & 1)) << 5;
     result |= (((n >> 0) & 1) ^ ((n >> 2) & 1)) << 6;
     result |= (((n >> 1) & 1) ^ ((n >> 3) & 1)) << 7;

     return result;
 }

 void npcm7xx_otp_array_write(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, const void *data,
                              unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
 {
     const uint8_t *src = data;
     uint8_t *dst = &s->array[offset];

     while (len-- > 0) {
         uint8_t c = *src++;

         *dst++ = ecc_encode_nibble(extract8(c, 0, 4));
         *dst++ = ecc_encode_nibble(extract8(c, 4, 4));
     }
 }

 /* Common register read handler for both OTP classes. */
 static uint64_t npcm7xx_otp_read(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg)
 {
     uint32_t value = 0;

     switch (reg) {
     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FST:
     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR:
     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA:
     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG:
         value = s->regs[reg];
         break;

     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL:
         qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                       "%s: read from write-only FCTL register\n",
                       DEVICE(s)->canonical_path);
         break;

     default:
         qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: read from invalid offset 0x%zx\n",
                       DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, reg * sizeof(uint32_t));
         break;
     }

     return value;
 }

 /* Read a byte from the OTP array into the data register. */
 static void npcm7xx_otp_read_array(NPCM7xxOTPState *s)
 {
     uint32_t faddr = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR];

     s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA] = s->array[FADDR_BYTEADDR(faddr)];
     s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] |= FST_RDST | FST_RDY;
 }

 /* Program a byte from the data register into the OTP array. */
 static void npcm7xx_otp_program_array(NPCM7xxOTPState *s)
 {
     uint32_t faddr = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR];

     /* Bits can only go 0->1, never 1->0. */
     s->array[FADDR_BYTEADDR(faddr)] |= (1U << FADDR_BITPOS(faddr));
     s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] |= FST_RDST | FST_RDY;
 }

 /* Compute the next value of the FCFG register. */
 static uint32_t npcm7xx_otp_compute_fcfg(uint32_t cur_value, uint32_t new_value)
 {
     uint32_t lock_mask;
     uint32_t value;

     /*
      * FCFGLK holds sticky bits 16..23, indicating which bits in FPRGLK (8..15)
      * and FRDLK (0..7) that are read-only.
      */
     lock_mask = (cur_value & FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK) >> 8;
     lock_mask |= lock_mask >> 8;
     /* FDIS and FCFGLK bits are sticky (write 1 to set; can't clear). */
     value = cur_value & (FCFG_FDIS | FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK);
     /* Preserve read-only bits in FPRGLK and FRDLK */
     value |= cur_value & lock_mask;
     /* Set all bits that aren't read-only. */
     value |= new_value & ~lock_mask;

     return value;
 }

 /* Common register write handler for both OTP classes. */
 static void npcm7xx_otp_write(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg,
                               uint32_t value)
 {
     switch (reg) {
     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FST:
         /* RDST is cleared by writing 1 to it. */
         if (value & FST_RDST) {
             s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] &= ~FST_RDST;
         }
         /* Preserve read-only and write-one-to-clear bits */
         value &= ~FST_RO_MASK;
         value |= s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] & FST_RO_MASK;
         break;

     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR:
         break;

     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA:
         /*
          * This register is cleared by writing a magic value to it; no other
          * values can be written.
          */
         if (value == FDATA_CLEAR) {
             value = 0;
         } else {
             value = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA];
         }
         break;

     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG:
         value = npcm7xx_otp_compute_fcfg(s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG], value);
         break;

     case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL:
         switch (value) {
         case FCTL_READ_CMD:
             npcm7xx_otp_read_array(s);
             break;

         case FCTL_PROG_CMD1:
             /*
              * Programming requires writing two separate magic values to this
              * register; this is the first one. Just store it so it can be
              * verified later when the second magic value is received.
              */
             break;

         case FCTL_PROG_CMD2:
             /*
              * Only initiate programming if we received the first half of the
              * command immediately before this one.
              */
             if (s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL] == FCTL_PROG_CMD1) {
                 npcm7xx_otp_program_array(s);
             }
             break;

         default:
             qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                           "%s: unrecognized FCNTL value 0x%" PRIx32 "\n",
                           DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, value);
             break;
         }
         if (value != FCTL_PROG_CMD1) {
             value = 0;
         }
         break;

     default:
         qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: write to invalid offset 0x%zx\n",
                       DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, reg * sizeof(uint32_t));
         return;
     }

     s->regs[reg] = value;
 }

 /* Register read handler specific to the fuse array OTP module. */
 static uint64_t npcm7xx_fuse_array_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
                                         unsigned int size)
 {
     NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
     NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;
     uint32_t value;

     /*
      * Only the Fuse Strap register needs special handling; all other registers
      * work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
      */
     if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP) {
         value = npcm7xx_otp_read(s, reg);
     } else {
         /* FUSTRAP is stored as three copies in the OTP array. */
         uint32_t fustrap[3];

         memcpy(fustrap, &s->array[0], sizeof(fustrap));

         /* Determine value by a majority vote on each bit. */
         value = (fustrap[0] & fustrap[1]) | (fustrap[0] & fustrap[2]) |
                 (fustrap[1] & fustrap[2]);
     }

     return value;
 }

 /* Register write handler specific to the fuse array OTP module. */
 static void npcm7xx_fuse_array_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t v,
                                      unsigned int size)
 {
     NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
     NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;

     /*
      * The Fuse Strap register is read-only. Other registers are handled by
      * common code.
      */
     if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP) {
         npcm7xx_otp_write(s, reg, v);
     }
 }

 static const MemoryRegionOps npcm7xx_fuse_array_ops = {
     .read       = npcm7xx_fuse_array_read,
     .write      = npcm7xx_fuse_array_write,
     .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
     .valid      = {
         .min_access_size        = 4,
         .max_access_size        = 4,
         .unaligned              = false,
     },
 };

 /* Register read handler specific to the key storage OTP module. */
 static uint64_t npcm7xx_key_storage_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
                                          unsigned int size)
 {
     NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
     NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;

     /*
      * Only the Fuse Key Index register needs special handling; all other
      * registers work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
      */
     if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND) {
         return npcm7xx_otp_read(s, reg);
     }

     qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: FKEYIND is not implemented\n", __func__);

     return s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND];
 }

 /* Register write handler specific to the key storage OTP module. */
 static void npcm7xx_key_storage_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t v,
                                       unsigned int size)
 {
     NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
     NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;

     /*
      * Only the Fuse Key Index register needs special handling; all other
      * registers work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
      */
     if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND) {
         npcm7xx_otp_write(s, reg, v);
         return;
     }

     qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: FKEYIND is not implemented\n", __func__);

     s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND] = v;
 }

 static const MemoryRegionOps npcm7xx_key_storage_ops = {
     .read       = npcm7xx_key_storage_read,
     .write      = npcm7xx_key_storage_write,
     .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
     .valid      = {
         .min_access_size        = 4,
         .max_access_size        = 4,
         .unaligned              = false,
     },
 };

 static void npcm7xx_otp_enter_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
 {
     NPCM7xxOTPState *s = NPCM7XX_OTP(obj);

     memset(s->regs, 0, sizeof(s->regs));

     s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] = 0x00000001;
     s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG] = 0x20000000;
 }

 static void npcm7xx_otp_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_GET_CLASS(dev);
     NPCM7xxOTPState *s = NPCM7XX_OTP(dev);
     SysBusDevice *sbd = &s->parent;

     memset(s->array, 0, sizeof(s->array));

     memory_region_init_io(&s->mmio, OBJECT(s), oc->mmio_ops, s, "regs",
                           NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_SIZE);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->mmio);
 }

 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_npcm7xx_otp = {
     .name = "npcm7xx-otp",
     .version_id = 0,
     .minimum_version_id = 0,
     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
         VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(regs, NPCM7xxOTPState, NPCM7XX_OTP_NR_REGS),
         VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(array, NPCM7xxOTPState, NPCM7XX_OTP_ARRAY_BYTES),
         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST(),
     },
 };

 static void npcm7xx_otp_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

     QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_END > NPCM7XX_OTP_NR_REGS);

     dc->realize = npcm7xx_otp_realize;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_npcm7xx_otp;
     rc->phases.enter = npcm7xx_otp_enter_reset;
 }

 static void npcm7xx_key_storage_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass);

     oc->mmio_ops = &npcm7xx_key_storage_ops;
 }

 static void npcm7xx_fuse_array_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass);

     oc->mmio_ops = &npcm7xx_fuse_array_ops;
 }

 static const TypeInfo npcm7xx_otp_types[] = {
     {
         .name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
         .parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
         .instance_size = sizeof(NPCM7xxOTPState),
         .class_size = sizeof(NPCM7xxOTPClass),
         .class_init = npcm7xx_otp_class_init,
         .abstract = true,
     },
     {
         .name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_KEY_STORAGE,
         .parent = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
         .class_init = npcm7xx_key_storage_class_init,
     },
     {
         .name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_FUSE_ARRAY,
         .parent = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
         .class_init = npcm7xx_fuse_array_class_init,
     },
 };
 DEFINE_TYPES(npcm7xx_otp_types);
	/*
	* Nuvoton NPCM7xx OTP (Fuse Array) Interface
	*
	* Copyright 2020 Google LLC
	*
	* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
	* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
	* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
	* (at your option) any later version.
	*
	* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
	* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
	* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
	* for more details.
	*/

	#include "qemu/osdep.h"

	#include "hw/nvram/npcm7xx_otp.h"
	#include "migration/vmstate.h"
	#include "qapi/error.h"
	#include "qemu/bitops.h"
	#include "qemu/log.h"
	#include "qemu/module.h"
	#include "qemu/units.h"

	/* Each module has 4 KiB of register space. Only a fraction of it is used. */
	#define NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_SIZE (4 * KiB)

	/* 32-bit register indices. */
	typedef enum NPCM7xxOTPRegister {
	NPCM7XX_OTP_FST,
	NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR,
	NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA,
	NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG,
	/* Offset 0x10 is FKEYIND in OTP1, FUSTRAP in OTP2 */
	NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND = 0x0010 / sizeof(uint32_t),
	NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP = 0x0010 / sizeof(uint32_t),
	NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL,
	NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_END,
	} NPCM7xxOTPRegister;

	/* Register field definitions. */
	#define FST_RIEN BIT(2)
	#define FST_RDST BIT(1)
	#define FST_RDY BIT(0)
	#define FST_RO_MASK (FST_RDST \| FST_RDY)

	#define FADDR_BYTEADDR(rv) extract32((rv), 0, 10)
	#define FADDR_BITPOS(rv) extract32((rv), 10, 3)

	#define FDATA_CLEAR 0x00000001

	#define FCFG_FDIS BIT(31)
	#define FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK 0x00ff0000

	#define FCTL_PROG_CMD1 0x00000001
	#define FCTL_PROG_CMD2 0xbf79e5d0
	#define FCTL_READ_CMD 0x00000002

	/**
	* struct NPCM7xxOTPClass - OTP module class.
	* @parent: System bus device class.
	* @mmio_ops: MMIO register operations for this type of module.
	*
	* The two OTP modules (key-storage and fuse-array) have slightly different
	* behavior, so we give them different MMIO register operations.
	*/
	struct NPCM7xxOTPClass {
	SysBusDeviceClass parent;

	const MemoryRegionOps *mmio_ops;
	};

	#define NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass) \
	OBJECT_CLASS_CHECK(NPCM7xxOTPClass, (klass), TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP)
	#define NPCM7XX_OTP_GET_CLASS(obj) \
	OBJECT_GET_CLASS(NPCM7xxOTPClass, (obj), TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP)

	static uint8_t ecc_encode_nibble(uint8_t n)
	{
	uint8_t result = n;

	result \|= (((n >> 0) & 1) ^ ((n >> 1) & 1)) << 4;
	result \|= (((n >> 2) & 1) ^ ((n >> 3) & 1)) << 5;
	result \|= (((n >> 0) & 1) ^ ((n >> 2) & 1)) << 6;
	result \|= (((n >> 1) & 1) ^ ((n >> 3) & 1)) << 7;

	return result;
	}

	void npcm7xx_otp_array_write(NPCM7xxOTPState s, const void data,
	unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
	{
	const uint8_t *src = data;
	uint8_t *dst = &s->array[offset];

	while (len-- > 0) {
	uint8_t c = *src++;

	*dst++ = ecc_encode_nibble(extract8(c, 0, 4));
	*dst++ = ecc_encode_nibble(extract8(c, 4, 4));
	}
	}

	/* Common register read handler for both OTP classes. */
	static uint64_t npcm7xx_otp_read(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg)
	{
	uint32_t value = 0;

	switch (reg) {
	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FST:
	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR:
	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA:
	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG:
	value = s->regs[reg];
	break;

	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL:
	qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
	"%s: read from write-only FCTL register\n",
	DEVICE(s)->canonical_path);
	break;

	default:
	qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: read from invalid offset 0x%zx\n",
	DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, reg * sizeof(uint32_t));
	break;
	}

	return value;
	}

	/* Read a byte from the OTP array into the data register. */
	static void npcm7xx_otp_read_array(NPCM7xxOTPState *s)
	{
	uint32_t faddr = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR];

	s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA] = s->array[FADDR_BYTEADDR(faddr)];
	s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] \|= FST_RDST \| FST_RDY;
	}

	/* Program a byte from the data register into the OTP array. */
	static void npcm7xx_otp_program_array(NPCM7xxOTPState *s)
	{
	uint32_t faddr = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR];

	/* Bits can only go 0->1, never 1->0. */
	s->array[FADDR_BYTEADDR(faddr)] \|= (1U << FADDR_BITPOS(faddr));
	s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] \|= FST_RDST \| FST_RDY;
	}

	/* Compute the next value of the FCFG register. */
	static uint32_t npcm7xx_otp_compute_fcfg(uint32_t cur_value, uint32_t new_value)
	{
	uint32_t lock_mask;
	uint32_t value;

	/*
	* FCFGLK holds sticky bits 16..23, indicating which bits in FPRGLK (8..15)
	* and FRDLK (0..7) that are read-only.
	*/
	lock_mask = (cur_value & FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK) >> 8;
	lock_mask \|= lock_mask >> 8;
	/* FDIS and FCFGLK bits are sticky (write 1 to set; can't clear). */
	value = cur_value & (FCFG_FDIS \| FCFG_FCFGLK_MASK);
	/* Preserve read-only bits in FPRGLK and FRDLK */
	value \|= cur_value & lock_mask;
	/* Set all bits that aren't read-only. */
	value \|= new_value & ~lock_mask;

	return value;
	}

	/* Common register write handler for both OTP classes. */
	static void npcm7xx_otp_write(NPCM7xxOTPState *s, NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg,
	uint32_t value)
	{
	switch (reg) {
	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FST:
	/* RDST is cleared by writing 1 to it. */
	if (value & FST_RDST) {
	s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] &= ~FST_RDST;
	}
	/* Preserve read-only and write-one-to-clear bits */
	value &= ~FST_RO_MASK;
	value \|= s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] & FST_RO_MASK;
	break;

	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FADDR:
	break;

	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA:
	/*
	* This register is cleared by writing a magic value to it; no other
	* values can be written.
	*/
	if (value == FDATA_CLEAR) {
	value = 0;
	} else {
	value = s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FDATA];
	}
	break;

	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG:
	value = npcm7xx_otp_compute_fcfg(s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG], value);
	break;

	case NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL:
	switch (value) {
	case FCTL_READ_CMD:
	npcm7xx_otp_read_array(s);
	break;

	case FCTL_PROG_CMD1:
	/*
	* Programming requires writing two separate magic values to this
	* register; this is the first one. Just store it so it can be
	* verified later when the second magic value is received.
	*/
	break;

	case FCTL_PROG_CMD2:
	/*
	* Only initiate programming if we received the first half of the
	* command immediately before this one.
	*/
	if (s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCTL] == FCTL_PROG_CMD1) {
	npcm7xx_otp_program_array(s);
	}
	break;

	default:
	qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
	"%s: unrecognized FCNTL value 0x%" PRIx32 "\n",
	DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, value);
	break;
	}
	if (value != FCTL_PROG_CMD1) {
	value = 0;
	}
	break;

	default:
	qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: write to invalid offset 0x%zx\n",
	DEVICE(s)->canonical_path, reg * sizeof(uint32_t));
	return;
	}

	s->regs[reg] = value;
	}

	/* Register read handler specific to the fuse array OTP module. */
	static uint64_t npcm7xx_fuse_array_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
	unsigned int size)
	{
	NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
	NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;
	uint32_t value;

	/*
	* Only the Fuse Strap register needs special handling; all other registers
	* work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
	*/
	if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP) {
	value = npcm7xx_otp_read(s, reg);
	} else {
	/* FUSTRAP is stored as three copies in the OTP array. */
	uint32_t fustrap[3];

	memcpy(fustrap, &s->array[0], sizeof(fustrap));

	/* Determine value by a majority vote on each bit. */
	value = (fustrap[0] & fustrap[1]) \| (fustrap[0] & fustrap[2]) \|
	(fustrap[1] & fustrap[2]);
	}

	return value;
	}

	/* Register write handler specific to the fuse array OTP module. */
	static void npcm7xx_fuse_array_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t v,
	unsigned int size)
	{
	NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
	NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;

	/*
	* The Fuse Strap register is read-only. Other registers are handled by
	* common code.
	*/
	if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FUSTRAP) {
	npcm7xx_otp_write(s, reg, v);
	}
	}

	static const MemoryRegionOps npcm7xx_fuse_array_ops = {
	.read = npcm7xx_fuse_array_read,
	.write = npcm7xx_fuse_array_write,
	.endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
	.valid = {
	.min_access_size = 4,
	.max_access_size = 4,
	.unaligned = false,
	},
	};

	/* Register read handler specific to the key storage OTP module. */
	static uint64_t npcm7xx_key_storage_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
	unsigned int size)
	{
	NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
	NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;

	/*
	* Only the Fuse Key Index register needs special handling; all other
	* registers work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
	*/
	if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND) {
	return npcm7xx_otp_read(s, reg);
	}

	qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: FKEYIND is not implemented\n", __func__);

	return s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND];
	}

	/* Register write handler specific to the key storage OTP module. */
	static void npcm7xx_key_storage_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t v,
	unsigned int size)
	{
	NPCM7xxOTPRegister reg = addr / sizeof(uint32_t);
	NPCM7xxOTPState *s = opaque;

	/*
	* Only the Fuse Key Index register needs special handling; all other
	* registers work the same way for both kinds of OTP modules.
	*/
	if (reg != NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND) {
	npcm7xx_otp_write(s, reg, v);
	return;
	}

	qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: FKEYIND is not implemented\n", __func__);

	s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FKEYIND] = v;
	}

	static const MemoryRegionOps npcm7xx_key_storage_ops = {
	.read = npcm7xx_key_storage_read,
	.write = npcm7xx_key_storage_write,
	.endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
	.valid = {
	.min_access_size = 4,
	.max_access_size = 4,
	.unaligned = false,
	},
	};

	static void npcm7xx_otp_enter_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
	{
	NPCM7xxOTPState *s = NPCM7XX_OTP(obj);

	memset(s->regs, 0, sizeof(s->regs));

	s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FST] = 0x00000001;
	s->regs[NPCM7XX_OTP_FCFG] = 0x20000000;
	}

	static void npcm7xx_otp_realize(DeviceState dev, Error *errp)
	{
	NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_GET_CLASS(dev);
	NPCM7xxOTPState *s = NPCM7XX_OTP(dev);
	SysBusDevice *sbd = &s->parent;

	memset(s->array, 0, sizeof(s->array));

	memory_region_init_io(&s->mmio, OBJECT(s), oc->mmio_ops, s, "regs",
	NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_SIZE);
	sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->mmio);
	}

	static const VMStateDescription vmstate_npcm7xx_otp = {
	.name = "npcm7xx-otp",
	.version_id = 0,
	.minimum_version_id = 0,
	.fields = (VMStateField[]) {
	VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(regs, NPCM7xxOTPState, NPCM7XX_OTP_NR_REGS),
	VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(array, NPCM7xxOTPState, NPCM7XX_OTP_ARRAY_BYTES),
	VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST(),
	},
	};

	static void npcm7xx_otp_class_init(ObjectClass klass, void data)
	{
	ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
	DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

	QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(NPCM7XX_OTP_REGS_END > NPCM7XX_OTP_NR_REGS);

	dc->realize = npcm7xx_otp_realize;
	dc->vmsd = &vmstate_npcm7xx_otp;
	rc->phases.enter = npcm7xx_otp_enter_reset;
	}

	static void npcm7xx_key_storage_class_init(ObjectClass klass, void data)
	{
	NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass);

	oc->mmio_ops = &npcm7xx_key_storage_ops;
	}

	static void npcm7xx_fuse_array_class_init(ObjectClass klass, void data)
	{
	NPCM7xxOTPClass *oc = NPCM7XX_OTP_CLASS(klass);

	oc->mmio_ops = &npcm7xx_fuse_array_ops;
	}

	static const TypeInfo npcm7xx_otp_types[] = {
	{
	.name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
	.parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
	.instance_size = sizeof(NPCM7xxOTPState),
	.class_size = sizeof(NPCM7xxOTPClass),
	.class_init = npcm7xx_otp_class_init,
	.abstract = true,
	},
	{
	.name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_KEY_STORAGE,
	.parent = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
	.class_init = npcm7xx_key_storage_class_init,
	},
	{
	.name = TYPE_NPCM7XX_FUSE_ARRAY,
	.parent = TYPE_NPCM7XX_OTP,
	.class_init = npcm7xx_fuse_array_class_init,
	},
	};
	DEFINE_TYPES(npcm7xx_otp_types);