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 <H1>Berkeley TestFloat Release 3e: <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE></H1>

 <P>
 John R. Hauser<BR>
 2018 January 20<BR>
 </P>


 <H2>Overview</H2>

 <P>
 The <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program tests that a build of the Berkeley
 SoftFloat library conforms to the IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point
 Arithmetic as expected.
 Program <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> is part of the Berkeley TestFloat package, a
 small collection of programs for performing such tests.
 For general information about TestFloat, as well as for basics about the
 operation of <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> and how to interpret its output, see
 file
 <A HREF="TestFloat-general.html"><NOBR><CODE>TestFloat-general.html</CODE></NOBR></A>.
 </P>

 <P>
 Note that, even if there are no bugs in the source code for SoftFloat (not
 guaranteed), a build of SoftFloat might still fail due to an issue with the
 build process, such as an incompatible compiler option or a compiler bug.
 </P>

 <P>
 The <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program will ordinarily test a function for all
 five rounding modes defined by the IEEE Floating-Point Standard, one after the
 other, plus possibly a sixth mode, <I>round to odd</I> (depending on the
 options selected when <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> was compiled).
 If an operation is not supposed to require rounding, it will by default be
 tested only with the rounding mode set to <CODE>near_even</CODE>
 (nearest/even).
 In the same way, if an operation is affected by the way in which underflow
 tininess is detected, <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> tests the function with
 tininess detected both before rounding and after rounding.
 For <NOBR>80-bit</NOBR> double-extended-precision operations affected by
 rounding precision control, <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> also tests the function
 for all three rounding precision modes, one after the other.
 Testing can be limited to a single rounding mode, a single tininess mode,
 and/or a single rounding precision with appropriate command-line options.
 </P>


 <H2>Command Syntax</H2>

 <P>
 The <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program is executed as a command with this
 syntax:
 <BLOCKQUOTE>
 <PRE>
 testsoftfloat [&lt;<I>option</I>&gt;...] &lt;<I>function</I>&gt;
 </PRE>
 </BLOCKQUOTE>
 Square brackets (<CODE>[ ]</CODE>) denote optional arguments,
 <CODE>&lt;<I>option</I>&gt;</CODE> is a supported option, and
 <CODE>&lt;<I>function</I>&gt;</CODE> is the name of either a testable function
 or a function set.
 The available options and function sets are documented below.
 If <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> is executed without any arguments, a summary of
 usage is written.
 </P>


 <H2>Options</H2>

 <P>
 The <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program accepts several command options.
 If mutually contradictory options are given, the last one has priority.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-help</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 The <CODE>-help</CODE> option causes a summary of program usage to be written,
 after which the program exits.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-seed &lt;<I>num</I>&gt;</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 The <CODE>-seed</CODE> option sets the seed for the pseudo-random number
 generator used for generating test cases.
 The argument to <CODE>-seed</CODE> is a nonnegative integer.
 Executing the same <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program with the same arguments
 (including the same pseudo-random number seed) should always perform the same
 sequence of tests, whereas changing the pseudo-random number seed should result
 in a different sequence of tests.
 The default seed number <NOBR>is 1</NOBR>.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-level &lt;<I>num</I>&gt;</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 The <CODE>-level</CODE> option sets the level of testing.
 The argument to <CODE>-level</CODE> can be either 1 <NOBR>or 2</NOBR>.
 The default is <NOBR>level 1</NOBR>.
 Level 2 performs many more tests than <NOBR>level 1</NOBR> and thus can reveal
 bugs not found by <NOBR>level 1</NOBR>.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-errors &lt;<I>num</I>&gt;</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 The <CODE>-errors</CODE> option instructs <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> to report
 no more than the specified number of errors for any combination of function,
 rounding mode, etc.
 The argument to <CODE>-errors</CODE> must be a nonnegative decimal integer.
 Once the specified number of error reports has been generated,
 <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> ends the current test and begins the next one, if
 any.
 The default is <NOBR><CODE>-errors</CODE> <CODE>20</CODE></NOBR>.
 </P>

 <P>
 Against intuition, <NOBR><CODE>-errors</CODE> <CODE>0</CODE></NOBR> causes
 <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> to report every error it finds.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-errorstop</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 The <CODE>-errorstop</CODE> option causes the program to exit after the first
 function for which any errors are reported.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-forever</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 The <CODE>-forever</CODE> option causes a single function to be repeatedly
 tested.
 Only one rounding mode and/or rounding precision can be tested in a single
 execution.
 If not specified, the rounding mode defaults to nearest/even.
 For <NOBR>80-bit</NOBR> double-extended-precision functions, the rounding
 precision defaults to full double-extended precision.
 The testing level is set to 2 by this option.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-precision32, -precision64, -precision80</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 For <NOBR>80-bit</NOBR> double-extended-precision funcions affected by
 rounding precision control, the <CODE>-precision32</CODE> option restricts
 testing to only the cases in which the rounding precision is
 <NOBR>32 bits</NOBR>, equivalent to <NOBR>32-bit</NOBR> single-precision.
 The other rounding precision choices are not tested.
 Likewise, <CODE>-precision64</CODE> fixes the rounding precision to
 <NOBR>64 bits</NOBR>, equivalent to <NOBR>64-bit</NOBR> double-precision;
 and <CODE>-precision80</CODE> fixes the rounding precision to the full
 <NOBR>80 bits</NOBR> of the double-extended-precision format.
 All these options are ignored for operations not affected by rounding precision
 control.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-rnear_even, -rnear_maxMag, -rminMag, -rmin, -rmax, -rodd</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 The <CODE>-rnear_even</CODE> option restricts testing to only the cases in
 which the rounding mode is nearest/even.
 The other rounding mode choices are not tested.
 Likewise, <CODE>-rnear_maxMag</CODE> forces rounding to nearest/maximum
 magnitude (nearest-away), <CODE>-rminMag</CODE> forces rounding to minimum
 magnitude (toward zero), <CODE>-rmin</CODE> forces rounding to minimum (down,
 toward negative infinity), <CODE>-rmax</CODE> forces rounding to maximum (up,
 toward positive infinity), and <CODE>-rodd</CODE>, if supported, forces
 rounding to odd.
 These options are ignored for operations that are exact and thus do not round.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-tininessbefore, -tininessafter</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 The <CODE>-tininessbefore</CODE> option restricts testing to only the cases in
 which tininess on underflow is detected before rounding.
 Likewise, <CODE>-tininessafter</CODE> restricts testing to only the cases in
 which tininess on underflow is detected after rounding.
 </P>

 <H3><CODE>-notexact, -exact</CODE></H3>

 <P>
 For functions that round to an integer (conversions to integer types and the
 <CODE>roundToInt</CODE> functions), the <CODE>-notexact</CODE> option restricts
 testing to only the cases for which the <CODE><I>exact</I></CODE> operand
 (specifying whether the <I>inexact</I> exception flag may be raised) is
 <CODE>false</CODE>.
 Likewise, the <CODE>-exact</CODE> option restricts testing to only the cases
 for which the <CODE><I>exact</I></CODE> operand is <CODE>true</CODE>.
 </P>


 <H2>Function Sets</H2>

 <P>
 Just as <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> can test a function for all five or six
 rounding modes in sequence, multiple functions can be tested with a single
 execution of <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE>.
 Two sets are recognized:  <CODE>-all1</CODE> and <CODE>-all2</CODE>.
 The set <CODE>-all1</CODE> is all one-operand operations, while
 <CODE>-all2</CODE> is all two-operand operations.
 A function set is used in place of a function name in the
 <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> command line, such as
 <BLOCKQUOTE>
 <PRE>
 testsoftfloat [&lt;<I>option</I>&gt;...] -all1
 </PRE>
 </BLOCKQUOTE>
 </P>

 <P>
 For the purpose of deciding the number of operands of an operation, any
 <CODE><I>roundingMode</I></CODE> and <CODE><I>exact</I></CODE> arguments are
 ignored.
 (Such arguments specify the rounding mode and whether the <I>inexact</I>
 exception flag may be raised, respectively.)
 Thus, functions that convert to integer type and the <CODE>roundToInt</CODE>
 functions are included in the set of one-operand operations tested by
 <CODE>-all1</CODE>.
 </P>


 </BODY>

	<HTML>

	<HEAD>
	<TITLE>testsoftfloat</TITLE>
	</HEAD>

	<BODY>

	<H1>Berkeley TestFloat Release 3e: <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE></H1>

	<P>
	John R. Hauser<BR>
	2018 January 20<BR>
	</P>


	<H2>Overview</H2>

	<P>
	The <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program tests that a build of the Berkeley
	SoftFloat library conforms to the IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point
	Arithmetic as expected.
	Program <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> is part of the Berkeley TestFloat package, a
	small collection of programs for performing such tests.
	For general information about TestFloat, as well as for basics about the
	operation of <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> and how to interpret its output, see
	file
	<A HREF="TestFloat-general.html"><NOBR><CODE>TestFloat-general.html</CODE></NOBR></A>.
	</P>

	<P>
	Note that, even if there are no bugs in the source code for SoftFloat (not
	guaranteed), a build of SoftFloat might still fail due to an issue with the
	build process, such as an incompatible compiler option or a compiler bug.
	</P>

	<P>
	The <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program will ordinarily test a function for all
	five rounding modes defined by the IEEE Floating-Point Standard, one after the
	other, plus possibly a sixth mode, <I>round to odd</I> (depending on the
	options selected when <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> was compiled).
	If an operation is not supposed to require rounding, it will by default be
	tested only with the rounding mode set to <CODE>near_even</CODE>
	(nearest/even).
	In the same way, if an operation is affected by the way in which underflow
	tininess is detected, <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> tests the function with
	tininess detected both before rounding and after rounding.
	For <NOBR>80-bit</NOBR> double-extended-precision operations affected by
	rounding precision control, <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> also tests the function
	for all three rounding precision modes, one after the other.
	Testing can be limited to a single rounding mode, a single tininess mode,
	and/or a single rounding precision with appropriate command-line options.
	</P>


	<H2>Command Syntax</H2>

	<P>
	The <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program is executed as a command with this
	syntax:
	<BLOCKQUOTE>
	<PRE>
	testsoftfloat [<<I>option</I>>...] <<I>function</I>>
	</PRE>
	</BLOCKQUOTE>
	Square brackets (<CODE>[ ]</CODE>) denote optional arguments,
	<CODE><<I>option</I>></CODE> is a supported option, and
	<CODE><<I>function</I>></CODE> is the name of either a testable function
	or a function set.
	The available options and function sets are documented below.
	If <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> is executed without any arguments, a summary of
	usage is written.
	</P>


	<H2>Options</H2>

	<P>
	The <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program accepts several command options.
	If mutually contradictory options are given, the last one has priority.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-help</CODE></H3>

	<P>
	The <CODE>-help</CODE> option causes a summary of program usage to be written,
	after which the program exits.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-seed <<I>num</I>></CODE></H3>

	<P>
	The <CODE>-seed</CODE> option sets the seed for the pseudo-random number
	generator used for generating test cases.
	The argument to <CODE>-seed</CODE> is a nonnegative integer.
	Executing the same <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> program with the same arguments
	(including the same pseudo-random number seed) should always perform the same
	sequence of tests, whereas changing the pseudo-random number seed should result
	in a different sequence of tests.
	The default seed number <NOBR>is 1</NOBR>.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-level <<I>num</I>></CODE></H3>

	<P>
	The <CODE>-level</CODE> option sets the level of testing.
	The argument to <CODE>-level</CODE> can be either 1 <NOBR>or 2</NOBR>.
	The default is <NOBR>level 1</NOBR>.
	Level 2 performs many more tests than <NOBR>level 1</NOBR> and thus can reveal
	bugs not found by <NOBR>level 1</NOBR>.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-errors <<I>num</I>></CODE></H3>

	<P>
	The <CODE>-errors</CODE> option instructs <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> to report
	no more than the specified number of errors for any combination of function,
	rounding mode, etc.
	The argument to <CODE>-errors</CODE> must be a nonnegative decimal integer.
	Once the specified number of error reports has been generated,
	<CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> ends the current test and begins the next one, if
	any.
	The default is <NOBR><CODE>-errors</CODE> <CODE>20</CODE></NOBR>.
	</P>

	<P>
	Against intuition, <NOBR><CODE>-errors</CODE> <CODE>0</CODE></NOBR> causes
	<CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> to report every error it finds.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-errorstop</CODE></H3>

	<P>
	The <CODE>-errorstop</CODE> option causes the program to exit after the first
	function for which any errors are reported.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-forever</CODE></H3>

	<P>
	The <CODE>-forever</CODE> option causes a single function to be repeatedly
	tested.
	Only one rounding mode and/or rounding precision can be tested in a single
	execution.
	If not specified, the rounding mode defaults to nearest/even.
	For <NOBR>80-bit</NOBR> double-extended-precision functions, the rounding
	precision defaults to full double-extended precision.
	The testing level is set to 2 by this option.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-precision32, -precision64, -precision80</CODE></H3>

	<P>
	For <NOBR>80-bit</NOBR> double-extended-precision funcions affected by
	rounding precision control, the <CODE>-precision32</CODE> option restricts
	testing to only the cases in which the rounding precision is
	<NOBR>32 bits</NOBR>, equivalent to <NOBR>32-bit</NOBR> single-precision.
	The other rounding precision choices are not tested.
	Likewise, <CODE>-precision64</CODE> fixes the rounding precision to
	<NOBR>64 bits</NOBR>, equivalent to <NOBR>64-bit</NOBR> double-precision;
	and <CODE>-precision80</CODE> fixes the rounding precision to the full
	<NOBR>80 bits</NOBR> of the double-extended-precision format.
	All these options are ignored for operations not affected by rounding precision
	control.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-rnear_even, -rnear_maxMag, -rminMag, -rmin, -rmax, -rodd</CODE></H3>

	<P>
	The <CODE>-rnear_even</CODE> option restricts testing to only the cases in
	which the rounding mode is nearest/even.
	The other rounding mode choices are not tested.
	Likewise, <CODE>-rnear_maxMag</CODE> forces rounding to nearest/maximum
	magnitude (nearest-away), <CODE>-rminMag</CODE> forces rounding to minimum
	magnitude (toward zero), <CODE>-rmin</CODE> forces rounding to minimum (down,
	toward negative infinity), <CODE>-rmax</CODE> forces rounding to maximum (up,
	toward positive infinity), and <CODE>-rodd</CODE>, if supported, forces
	rounding to odd.
	These options are ignored for operations that are exact and thus do not round.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-tininessbefore, -tininessafter</CODE></H3>

	<P>
	The <CODE>-tininessbefore</CODE> option restricts testing to only the cases in
	which tininess on underflow is detected before rounding.
	Likewise, <CODE>-tininessafter</CODE> restricts testing to only the cases in
	which tininess on underflow is detected after rounding.
	</P>

	<H3><CODE>-notexact, -exact</CODE></H3>

	<P>
	For functions that round to an integer (conversions to integer types and the
	<CODE>roundToInt</CODE> functions), the <CODE>-notexact</CODE> option restricts
	testing to only the cases for which the <CODE><I>exact</I></CODE> operand
	(specifying whether the <I>inexact</I> exception flag may be raised) is
	<CODE>false</CODE>.
	Likewise, the <CODE>-exact</CODE> option restricts testing to only the cases
	for which the <CODE><I>exact</I></CODE> operand is <CODE>true</CODE>.
	</P>


	<H2>Function Sets</H2>

	<P>
	Just as <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> can test a function for all five or six
	rounding modes in sequence, multiple functions can be tested with a single
	execution of <CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE>.
	Two sets are recognized: <CODE>-all1</CODE> and <CODE>-all2</CODE>.
	The set <CODE>-all1</CODE> is all one-operand operations, while
	<CODE>-all2</CODE> is all two-operand operations.
	A function set is used in place of a function name in the
	<CODE>testsoftfloat</CODE> command line, such as
	<BLOCKQUOTE>
	<PRE>
	testsoftfloat [<<I>option</I>>...] -all1
	</PRE>
	</BLOCKQUOTE>
	</P>

	<P>
	For the purpose of deciding the number of operands of an operation, any
	<CODE><I>roundingMode</I></CODE> and <CODE><I>exact</I></CODE> arguments are
	ignored.
	(Such arguments specify the rounding mode and whether the <I>inexact</I>
	exception flag may be raised, respectively.)
	Thus, functions that convert to integer type and the <CODE>roundToInt</CODE>
	functions are included in the set of one-operand operations tested by
	<CODE>-all1</CODE>.
	</P>


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