| #!/usr/bin/env python3 |
| # |
| # Migration Stream Analyzer |
| # |
| # Copyright (c) 2015 Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de> |
| # |
| # This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or |
| # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public |
| # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either |
| # version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. |
| # |
| # This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
| # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
| # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU |
| # Lesser General Public License for more details. |
| # |
| # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public |
| # License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
| |
| import json |
| import os |
| import argparse |
| import collections |
| import struct |
| import sys |
| |
| |
| def mkdir_p(path): |
| try: |
| os.makedirs(path) |
| except OSError: |
| pass |
| |
| |
| class MigrationFile(object): |
| def __init__(self, filename): |
| self.filename = filename |
| self.file = open(self.filename, "rb") |
| |
| def read64(self): |
| return int.from_bytes(self.file.read(8), byteorder='big', signed=False) |
| |
| def read32(self): |
| return int.from_bytes(self.file.read(4), byteorder='big', signed=False) |
| |
| def read16(self): |
| return int.from_bytes(self.file.read(2), byteorder='big', signed=False) |
| |
| def read8(self): |
| return int.from_bytes(self.file.read(1), byteorder='big', signed=True) |
| |
| def readstr(self, len = None): |
| return self.readvar(len).decode('utf-8') |
| |
| def readvar(self, size = None): |
| if size is None: |
| size = self.read8() |
| if size == 0: |
| return "" |
| value = self.file.read(size) |
| if len(value) != size: |
| raise Exception("Unexpected end of %s at 0x%x" % (self.filename, self.file.tell())) |
| return value |
| |
| def tell(self): |
| return self.file.tell() |
| |
| # The VMSD description is at the end of the file, after EOF. Look for |
| # the last NULL byte, then for the beginning brace of JSON. |
| def read_migration_debug_json(self): |
| QEMU_VM_VMDESCRIPTION = 0x06 |
| |
| # Remember the offset in the file when we started |
| entrypos = self.file.tell() |
| |
| # Read the last 10MB |
| self.file.seek(0, os.SEEK_END) |
| endpos = self.file.tell() |
| self.file.seek(max(-endpos, -10 * 1024 * 1024), os.SEEK_END) |
| datapos = self.file.tell() |
| data = self.file.read() |
| # The full file read closed the file as well, reopen it |
| self.file = open(self.filename, "rb") |
| |
| # Find the last NULL byte, then the first brace after that. This should |
| # be the beginning of our JSON data. |
| nulpos = data.rfind(b'\0') |
| jsonpos = data.find(b'{', nulpos) |
| |
| # Check backwards from there and see whether we guessed right |
| self.file.seek(datapos + jsonpos - 5, 0) |
| if self.read8() != QEMU_VM_VMDESCRIPTION: |
| raise Exception("No Debug Migration device found") |
| |
| jsonlen = self.read32() |
| |
| # Seek back to where we were at the beginning |
| self.file.seek(entrypos, 0) |
| |
| # explicit decode() needed for Python 3.5 compatibility |
| return data[jsonpos:jsonpos + jsonlen].decode("utf-8") |
| |
| def close(self): |
| self.file.close() |
| |
| class RamSection(object): |
| RAM_SAVE_FLAG_COMPRESS = 0x02 |
| RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MEM_SIZE = 0x04 |
| RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE = 0x08 |
| RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS = 0x10 |
| RAM_SAVE_FLAG_CONTINUE = 0x20 |
| RAM_SAVE_FLAG_XBZRLE = 0x40 |
| RAM_SAVE_FLAG_HOOK = 0x80 |
| |
| def __init__(self, file, version_id, ramargs, section_key): |
| if version_id != 4: |
| raise Exception("Unknown RAM version %d" % version_id) |
| |
| self.file = file |
| self.section_key = section_key |
| self.TARGET_PAGE_SIZE = ramargs['page_size'] |
| self.dump_memory = ramargs['dump_memory'] |
| self.write_memory = ramargs['write_memory'] |
| self.sizeinfo = collections.OrderedDict() |
| self.data = collections.OrderedDict() |
| self.data['section sizes'] = self.sizeinfo |
| self.name = '' |
| if self.write_memory: |
| self.files = { } |
| if self.dump_memory: |
| self.memory = collections.OrderedDict() |
| self.data['memory'] = self.memory |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| return self.data.__repr__() |
| |
| def __str__(self): |
| return self.data.__str__() |
| |
| def getDict(self): |
| return self.data |
| |
| def read(self): |
| # Read all RAM sections |
| while True: |
| addr = self.file.read64() |
| flags = addr & (self.TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1) |
| addr &= ~(self.TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1) |
| |
| if flags & self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MEM_SIZE: |
| while True: |
| namelen = self.file.read8() |
| # We assume that no RAM chunk is big enough to ever |
| # hit the first byte of the address, so when we see |
| # a zero here we know it has to be an address, not the |
| # length of the next block. |
| if namelen == 0: |
| self.file.file.seek(-1, 1) |
| break |
| self.name = self.file.readstr(len = namelen) |
| len = self.file.read64() |
| self.sizeinfo[self.name] = '0x%016x' % len |
| if self.write_memory: |
| print(self.name) |
| mkdir_p('./' + os.path.dirname(self.name)) |
| f = open('./' + self.name, "wb") |
| f.truncate(0) |
| f.truncate(len) |
| self.files[self.name] = f |
| flags &= ~self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MEM_SIZE |
| |
| if flags & self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_COMPRESS: |
| if flags & self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_CONTINUE: |
| flags &= ~self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_CONTINUE |
| else: |
| self.name = self.file.readstr() |
| fill_char = self.file.read8() |
| # The page in question is filled with fill_char now |
| if self.write_memory and fill_char != 0: |
| self.files[self.name].seek(addr, os.SEEK_SET) |
| self.files[self.name].write(chr(fill_char) * self.TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) |
| if self.dump_memory: |
| self.memory['%s (0x%016x)' % (self.name, addr)] = 'Filled with 0x%02x' % fill_char |
| flags &= ~self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_COMPRESS |
| elif flags & self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE: |
| if flags & self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_CONTINUE: |
| flags &= ~self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_CONTINUE |
| else: |
| self.name = self.file.readstr() |
| |
| if self.write_memory or self.dump_memory: |
| data = self.file.readvar(size = self.TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) |
| else: # Just skip RAM data |
| self.file.file.seek(self.TARGET_PAGE_SIZE, 1) |
| |
| if self.write_memory: |
| self.files[self.name].seek(addr, os.SEEK_SET) |
| self.files[self.name].write(data) |
| if self.dump_memory: |
| hexdata = " ".join("{0:02x}".format(ord(c)) for c in data) |
| self.memory['%s (0x%016x)' % (self.name, addr)] = hexdata |
| |
| flags &= ~self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE |
| elif flags & self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_XBZRLE: |
| raise Exception("XBZRLE RAM compression is not supported yet") |
| elif flags & self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_HOOK: |
| raise Exception("RAM hooks don't make sense with files") |
| |
| # End of RAM section |
| if flags & self.RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS: |
| break |
| |
| if flags != 0: |
| raise Exception("Unknown RAM flags: %x" % flags) |
| |
| def __del__(self): |
| if self.write_memory: |
| for key in self.files: |
| self.files[key].close() |
| |
| |
| class HTABSection(object): |
| HASH_PTE_SIZE_64 = 16 |
| |
| def __init__(self, file, version_id, device, section_key): |
| if version_id != 1: |
| raise Exception("Unknown HTAB version %d" % version_id) |
| |
| self.file = file |
| self.section_key = section_key |
| |
| def read(self): |
| |
| header = self.file.read32() |
| |
| if (header == -1): |
| # "no HPT" encoding |
| return |
| |
| if (header > 0): |
| # First section, just the hash shift |
| return |
| |
| # Read until end marker |
| while True: |
| index = self.file.read32() |
| n_valid = self.file.read16() |
| n_invalid = self.file.read16() |
| |
| if index == 0 and n_valid == 0 and n_invalid == 0: |
| break |
| |
| self.file.readvar(n_valid * self.HASH_PTE_SIZE_64) |
| |
| def getDict(self): |
| return "" |
| |
| |
| class ConfigurationSection(object): |
| def __init__(self, file): |
| self.file = file |
| |
| def read(self): |
| name_len = self.file.read32() |
| name = self.file.readstr(len = name_len) |
| |
| class VMSDFieldGeneric(object): |
| def __init__(self, desc, file): |
| self.file = file |
| self.desc = desc |
| self.data = "" |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| return str(self.__str__()) |
| |
| def __str__(self): |
| return " ".join("{0:02x}".format(c) for c in self.data) |
| |
| def getDict(self): |
| return self.__str__() |
| |
| def read(self): |
| size = int(self.desc['size']) |
| self.data = self.file.readvar(size) |
| return self.data |
| |
| class VMSDFieldInt(VMSDFieldGeneric): |
| def __init__(self, desc, file): |
| super(VMSDFieldInt, self).__init__(desc, file) |
| self.size = int(desc['size']) |
| self.format = '0x%%0%dx' % (self.size * 2) |
| self.sdtype = '>i%d' % self.size |
| self.udtype = '>u%d' % self.size |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| if self.data < 0: |
| return ('%s (%d)' % ((self.format % self.udata), self.data)) |
| else: |
| return self.format % self.data |
| |
| def __str__(self): |
| return self.__repr__() |
| |
| def getDict(self): |
| return self.__str__() |
| |
| def read(self): |
| super(VMSDFieldInt, self).read() |
| self.sdata = int.from_bytes(self.data, byteorder='big', signed=True) |
| self.udata = int.from_bytes(self.data, byteorder='big', signed=False) |
| self.data = self.sdata |
| return self.data |
| |
| class VMSDFieldUInt(VMSDFieldInt): |
| def __init__(self, desc, file): |
| super(VMSDFieldUInt, self).__init__(desc, file) |
| |
| def read(self): |
| super(VMSDFieldUInt, self).read() |
| self.data = self.udata |
| return self.data |
| |
| class VMSDFieldIntLE(VMSDFieldInt): |
| def __init__(self, desc, file): |
| super(VMSDFieldIntLE, self).__init__(desc, file) |
| self.dtype = '<i%d' % self.size |
| |
| class VMSDFieldBool(VMSDFieldGeneric): |
| def __init__(self, desc, file): |
| super(VMSDFieldBool, self).__init__(desc, file) |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| return self.data.__repr__() |
| |
| def __str__(self): |
| return self.data.__str__() |
| |
| def getDict(self): |
| return self.data |
| |
| def read(self): |
| super(VMSDFieldBool, self).read() |
| if self.data[0] == 0: |
| self.data = False |
| else: |
| self.data = True |
| return self.data |
| |
| class VMSDFieldStruct(VMSDFieldGeneric): |
| QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION = 0x05 |
| |
| def __init__(self, desc, file): |
| super(VMSDFieldStruct, self).__init__(desc, file) |
| self.data = collections.OrderedDict() |
| |
| # When we see compressed array elements, unfold them here |
| new_fields = [] |
| for field in self.desc['struct']['fields']: |
| if not 'array_len' in field: |
| new_fields.append(field) |
| continue |
| array_len = field.pop('array_len') |
| field['index'] = 0 |
| new_fields.append(field) |
| for i in range(1, array_len): |
| c = field.copy() |
| c['index'] = i |
| new_fields.append(c) |
| |
| self.desc['struct']['fields'] = new_fields |
| |
| def __repr__(self): |
| return self.data.__repr__() |
| |
| def __str__(self): |
| return self.data.__str__() |
| |
| def read(self): |
| for field in self.desc['struct']['fields']: |
| try: |
| reader = vmsd_field_readers[field['type']] |
| except: |
| reader = VMSDFieldGeneric |
| |
| field['data'] = reader(field, self.file) |
| field['data'].read() |
| |
| if 'index' in field: |
| if field['name'] not in self.data: |
| self.data[field['name']] = [] |
| a = self.data[field['name']] |
| if len(a) != int(field['index']): |
| raise Exception("internal index of data field unmatched (%d/%d)" % (len(a), int(field['index']))) |
| a.append(field['data']) |
| else: |
| self.data[field['name']] = field['data'] |
| |
| if 'subsections' in self.desc['struct']: |
| for subsection in self.desc['struct']['subsections']: |
| if self.file.read8() != self.QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION: |
| raise Exception("Subsection %s not found at offset %x" % ( subsection['vmsd_name'], self.file.tell())) |
| name = self.file.readstr() |
| version_id = self.file.read32() |
| self.data[name] = VMSDSection(self.file, version_id, subsection, (name, 0)) |
| self.data[name].read() |
| |
| def getDictItem(self, value): |
| # Strings would fall into the array category, treat |
| # them specially |
| if value.__class__ is ''.__class__: |
| return value |
| |
| try: |
| return self.getDictOrderedDict(value) |
| except: |
| try: |
| return self.getDictArray(value) |
| except: |
| try: |
| return value.getDict() |
| except: |
| return value |
| |
| def getDictArray(self, array): |
| r = [] |
| for value in array: |
| r.append(self.getDictItem(value)) |
| return r |
| |
| def getDictOrderedDict(self, dict): |
| r = collections.OrderedDict() |
| for (key, value) in dict.items(): |
| r[key] = self.getDictItem(value) |
| return r |
| |
| def getDict(self): |
| return self.getDictOrderedDict(self.data) |
| |
| vmsd_field_readers = { |
| "bool" : VMSDFieldBool, |
| "int8" : VMSDFieldInt, |
| "int16" : VMSDFieldInt, |
| "int32" : VMSDFieldInt, |
| "int32 equal" : VMSDFieldInt, |
| "int32 le" : VMSDFieldIntLE, |
| "int64" : VMSDFieldInt, |
| "uint8" : VMSDFieldUInt, |
| "uint16" : VMSDFieldUInt, |
| "uint32" : VMSDFieldUInt, |
| "uint32 equal" : VMSDFieldUInt, |
| "uint64" : VMSDFieldUInt, |
| "int64 equal" : VMSDFieldInt, |
| "uint8 equal" : VMSDFieldInt, |
| "uint16 equal" : VMSDFieldInt, |
| "float64" : VMSDFieldGeneric, |
| "timer" : VMSDFieldGeneric, |
| "buffer" : VMSDFieldGeneric, |
| "unused_buffer" : VMSDFieldGeneric, |
| "bitmap" : VMSDFieldGeneric, |
| "struct" : VMSDFieldStruct, |
| "unknown" : VMSDFieldGeneric, |
| } |
| |
| class VMSDSection(VMSDFieldStruct): |
| def __init__(self, file, version_id, device, section_key): |
| self.file = file |
| self.data = "" |
| self.vmsd_name = "" |
| self.section_key = section_key |
| desc = device |
| if 'vmsd_name' in device: |
| self.vmsd_name = device['vmsd_name'] |
| |
| # A section really is nothing but a FieldStruct :) |
| super(VMSDSection, self).__init__({ 'struct' : desc }, file) |
| |
| ############################################################################### |
| |
| class MigrationDump(object): |
| QEMU_VM_FILE_MAGIC = 0x5145564d |
| QEMU_VM_FILE_VERSION = 0x00000003 |
| QEMU_VM_EOF = 0x00 |
| QEMU_VM_SECTION_START = 0x01 |
| QEMU_VM_SECTION_PART = 0x02 |
| QEMU_VM_SECTION_END = 0x03 |
| QEMU_VM_SECTION_FULL = 0x04 |
| QEMU_VM_SUBSECTION = 0x05 |
| QEMU_VM_VMDESCRIPTION = 0x06 |
| QEMU_VM_CONFIGURATION = 0x07 |
| QEMU_VM_SECTION_FOOTER= 0x7e |
| |
| def __init__(self, filename): |
| self.section_classes = { ( 'ram', 0 ) : [ RamSection, None ], |
| ( 'spapr/htab', 0) : ( HTABSection, None ) } |
| self.filename = filename |
| self.vmsd_desc = None |
| |
| def read(self, desc_only = False, dump_memory = False, write_memory = False): |
| # Read in the whole file |
| file = MigrationFile(self.filename) |
| |
| # File magic |
| data = file.read32() |
| if data != self.QEMU_VM_FILE_MAGIC: |
| raise Exception("Invalid file magic %x" % data) |
| |
| # Version (has to be v3) |
| data = file.read32() |
| if data != self.QEMU_VM_FILE_VERSION: |
| raise Exception("Invalid version number %d" % data) |
| |
| self.load_vmsd_json(file) |
| |
| # Read sections |
| self.sections = collections.OrderedDict() |
| |
| if desc_only: |
| return |
| |
| ramargs = {} |
| ramargs['page_size'] = self.vmsd_desc['page_size'] |
| ramargs['dump_memory'] = dump_memory |
| ramargs['write_memory'] = write_memory |
| self.section_classes[('ram',0)][1] = ramargs |
| |
| while True: |
| section_type = file.read8() |
| if section_type == self.QEMU_VM_EOF: |
| break |
| elif section_type == self.QEMU_VM_CONFIGURATION: |
| section = ConfigurationSection(file) |
| section.read() |
| elif section_type == self.QEMU_VM_SECTION_START or section_type == self.QEMU_VM_SECTION_FULL: |
| section_id = file.read32() |
| name = file.readstr() |
| instance_id = file.read32() |
| version_id = file.read32() |
| section_key = (name, instance_id) |
| classdesc = self.section_classes[section_key] |
| section = classdesc[0](file, version_id, classdesc[1], section_key) |
| self.sections[section_id] = section |
| section.read() |
| elif section_type == self.QEMU_VM_SECTION_PART or section_type == self.QEMU_VM_SECTION_END: |
| section_id = file.read32() |
| self.sections[section_id].read() |
| elif section_type == self.QEMU_VM_SECTION_FOOTER: |
| read_section_id = file.read32() |
| if read_section_id != section_id: |
| raise Exception("Mismatched section footer: %x vs %x" % (read_section_id, section_id)) |
| else: |
| raise Exception("Unknown section type: %d" % section_type) |
| file.close() |
| |
| def load_vmsd_json(self, file): |
| vmsd_json = file.read_migration_debug_json() |
| self.vmsd_desc = json.loads(vmsd_json, object_pairs_hook=collections.OrderedDict) |
| for device in self.vmsd_desc['devices']: |
| key = (device['name'], device['instance_id']) |
| value = ( VMSDSection, device ) |
| self.section_classes[key] = value |
| |
| def getDict(self): |
| r = collections.OrderedDict() |
| for (key, value) in self.sections.items(): |
| key = "%s (%d)" % ( value.section_key[0], key ) |
| r[key] = value.getDict() |
| return r |
| |
| ############################################################################### |
| |
| class JSONEncoder(json.JSONEncoder): |
| def default(self, o): |
| if isinstance(o, VMSDFieldGeneric): |
| return str(o) |
| return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, o) |
| |
| parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() |
| parser.add_argument("-f", "--file", help='migration dump to read from', required=True) |
| parser.add_argument("-m", "--memory", help='dump RAM contents as well', action='store_true') |
| parser.add_argument("-d", "--dump", help='what to dump ("state" or "desc")', default='state') |
| parser.add_argument("-x", "--extract", help='extract contents into individual files', action='store_true') |
| args = parser.parse_args() |
| |
| jsonenc = JSONEncoder(indent=4, separators=(',', ': ')) |
| |
| if args.extract: |
| dump = MigrationDump(args.file) |
| |
| dump.read(desc_only = True) |
| print("desc.json") |
| f = open("desc.json", "w") |
| f.truncate() |
| f.write(jsonenc.encode(dump.vmsd_desc)) |
| f.close() |
| |
| dump.read(write_memory = True) |
| dict = dump.getDict() |
| print("state.json") |
| f = open("state.json", "w") |
| f.truncate() |
| f.write(jsonenc.encode(dict)) |
| f.close() |
| elif args.dump == "state": |
| dump = MigrationDump(args.file) |
| dump.read(dump_memory = args.memory) |
| dict = dump.getDict() |
| print(jsonenc.encode(dict)) |
| elif args.dump == "desc": |
| dump = MigrationDump(args.file) |
| dump.read(desc_only = True) |
| print(jsonenc.encode(dump.vmsd_desc)) |
| else: |
| raise Exception("Please specify either -x, -d state or -d desc") |
