diff --git a/hw/nseries.c b/hw/nseries.c
index 7ada90d..9306aa1 100644
--- a/hw/nseries.c
+++ b/hw/nseries.c
@@ -1334,8 +1334,9 @@
     n8x0_dss_setup(s);
     n8x0_cbus_setup(s);
     n8x0_uart_setup(s);
-    if (usb_enabled)
+    if (usb_enabled(false)) {
         n8x0_usb_setup(s);
+    }
 
     if (kernel_filename) {
         /* Or at the linux loader.  */
diff --git a/hw/pc_piix.c b/hw/pc_piix.c
index 47ebc1a..c7dd75b 100644
--- a/hw/pc_piix.c
+++ b/hw/pc_piix.c
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
     pc_cmos_init(below_4g_mem_size, above_4g_mem_size, boot_device,
                  floppy, idebus[0], idebus[1], rtc_state);
 
-    if (pci_enabled && usb_enabled) {
+    if (pci_enabled && usb_enabled(false)) {
         pci_create_simple(pci_bus, piix3_devfn + 2, "piix3-usb-uhci");
     }
 
diff --git a/hw/ppc_newworld.c b/hw/ppc_newworld.c
index 15f74f9..664747e 100644
--- a/hw/ppc_newworld.c
+++ b/hw/ppc_newworld.c
@@ -348,10 +348,6 @@
     ide_mem[1] = pmac_ide_init(hd, pic[0x0d], dbdma, 0x16, pic[0x02]);
     ide_mem[2] = pmac_ide_init(&hd[MAX_IDE_DEVS], pic[0x0e], dbdma, 0x1a, pic[0x02]);
 
-    /* cuda also initialize ADB */
-    if (machine_arch == ARCH_MAC99_U3) {
-        usb_enabled = 1;
-    }
     cuda_init(&cuda_mem, pic[0x19]);
 
     adb_kbd_init(&adb_bus);
@@ -360,15 +356,14 @@
     macio_init(pci_bus, PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_UNI_N_KEYL, 0, pic_mem,
                dbdma_mem, cuda_mem, NULL, 3, ide_mem, escc_bar);
 
-    if (usb_enabled) {
+    if (usb_enabled(machine_arch == ARCH_MAC99_U3)) {
         pci_create_simple(pci_bus, -1, "pci-ohci");
-    }
-
-    /* U3 needs to use USB for input because Linux doesn't support via-cuda
-       on PPC64 */
-    if (machine_arch == ARCH_MAC99_U3) {
-        usbdevice_create("keyboard");
-        usbdevice_create("mouse");
+        /* U3 needs to use USB for input because Linux doesn't support via-cuda
+        on PPC64 */
+        if (machine_arch == ARCH_MAC99_U3) {
+            usbdevice_create("keyboard");
+            usbdevice_create("mouse");
+        }
     }
 
     if (graphic_depth != 15 && graphic_depth != 32 && graphic_depth != 8)
diff --git a/hw/ppc_oldworld.c b/hw/ppc_oldworld.c
index a4f899d..e8138c0 100644
--- a/hw/ppc_oldworld.c
+++ b/hw/ppc_oldworld.c
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
     macio_init(pci_bus, PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_343S1201, 1, pic_mem,
                dbdma_mem, cuda_mem, nvr, 2, ide_mem, escc_bar);
 
-    if (usb_enabled) {
+    if (usb_enabled(false)) {
         pci_create_simple(pci_bus, -1, "pci-ohci");
     }
 
diff --git a/hw/ppc_prep.c b/hw/ppc_prep.c
index 085851a..bf15730 100644
--- a/hw/ppc_prep.c
+++ b/hw/ppc_prep.c
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xFEFF0000, xcsr);
 #endif
 
-    if (usb_enabled) {
+    if (usb_enabled(false)) {
         pci_create_simple(pci_bus, -1, "pci-ohci");
     }
 
diff --git a/hw/pxa2xx.c b/hw/pxa2xx.c
index 0fb2179..e616979 100644
--- a/hw/pxa2xx.c
+++ b/hw/pxa2xx.c
@@ -2108,7 +2108,7 @@
         s->ssp[i] = (SSIBus *)qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "ssi");
     }
 
-    if (usb_enabled) {
+    if (usb_enabled(false)) {
         sysbus_create_simple("sysbus-ohci", 0x4c000000,
                         qdev_get_gpio_in(s->pic, PXA2XX_PIC_USBH1));
     }
@@ -2239,7 +2239,7 @@
         s->ssp[i] = (SSIBus *)qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "ssi");
     }
 
-    if (usb_enabled) {
+    if (usb_enabled(false)) {
         sysbus_create_simple("sysbus-ohci", 0x4c000000,
                         qdev_get_gpio_in(s->pic, PXA2XX_PIC_USBH1));
     }
diff --git a/hw/realview.c b/hw/realview.c
index baa92d4..b5cb08c 100644
--- a/hw/realview.c
+++ b/hw/realview.c
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 2, pic[50]);
         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 3, pic[51]);
         pci_bus = (PCIBus *)qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "pci");
-        if (usb_enabled) {
+        if (usb_enabled(false)) {
             pci_create_simple(pci_bus, -1, "pci-ohci");
         }
         n = drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI);
diff --git a/hw/spapr.c b/hw/spapr.c
index 73d75e8..1587bc3 100644
--- a/hw/spapr.c
+++ b/hw/spapr.c
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@
         spapr->has_graphics = true;
     }
 
-    if (usb_enabled) {
+    if (usb_enabled(spapr->has_graphics)) {
         pci_create_simple(phb->bus, -1, "pci-ohci");
         if (spapr->has_graphics) {
             usbdevice_create("keyboard");
diff --git a/hw/versatilepb.c b/hw/versatilepb.c
index f55bd0c..e85f982 100644
--- a/hw/versatilepb.c
+++ b/hw/versatilepb.c
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
             pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, "rtl8139", NULL);
         }
     }
-    if (usb_enabled) {
+    if (usb_enabled(false)) {
         pci_create_simple(pci_bus, -1, "pci-ohci");
     }
     n = drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI);