qapi: Forbid empty unions and useless alternates

Empty unions serve no purpose, and while we compile with gcc
which permits them, strict C99 forbids them.  We happen to inject
a dummy 'void *data' member into the C unions that represent QAPI
unions and alternates, but we want to get rid of that member (it
pollutes the namespace for no good reason), which would leave us
with an empty union if the user didn't provide any branches.  While
empty structs make sense in QAPI, empty unions don't add any
expressiveness to the QMP language.  So prohibit them at parse
time.  Update the documentation and testsuite to match.

Note that the documentation already mentioned that alternates
should have "two or more JSON data types"; so this also fixes
the code to enforce that.  However, we have existing uses of a
union type with only one branch, so the 2-or-more strictness
is intentionally limited to alternates.

Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1455778109-6278-3-git-send-email-eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
14 files changed
tree: 418d1597e1ea5ff8e3f119fe453e990746299fe3
  1. audio/
  2. backends/
  3. block/
  4. bsd-user/
  5. contrib/
  6. crypto/
  7. default-configs/
  8. disas/
  9. docs/
  10. fpu/
  11. fsdev/
  12. gdb-xml/
  13. hw/
  14. include/
  15. io/
  16. libdecnumber/
  17. linux-headers/
  18. linux-user/
  19. migration/
  20. nbd/
  21. net/
  22. pc-bios/
  23. po/
  24. qapi/
  25. qga/
  26. qobject/
  27. qom/
  28. replay/
  29. roms/
  30. scripts/
  31. slirp/
  32. stubs/
  33. target-alpha/
  34. target-arm/
  35. target-cris/
  36. target-i386/
  37. target-lm32/
  38. target-m68k/
  39. target-microblaze/
  40. target-mips/
  41. target-moxie/
  42. target-openrisc/
  43. target-ppc/
  44. target-s390x/
  45. target-sh4/
  46. target-sparc/
  47. target-tilegx/
  48. target-tricore/
  49. target-unicore32/
  50. target-xtensa/
  51. tcg/
  52. tests/
  53. trace/
  54. ui/
  55. util/
  56. .dir-locals.el
  57. .exrc
  58. .gitignore
  59. .gitmodules
  60. .mailmap
  61. .travis.yml
  62. accel.c
  63. aio-posix.c
  64. aio-win32.c
  65. arch_init.c
  66. async.c
  67. balloon.c
  68. block.c
  69. blockdev-nbd.c
  70. blockdev.c
  71. blockjob.c
  72. bootdevice.c
  73. bt-host.c
  74. bt-vhci.c
  75. Changelog
  76. CODING_STYLE
  77. configure
  78. COPYING
  79. COPYING.LIB
  80. cpu-exec-common.c
  81. cpu-exec.c
  82. cpus.c
  83. cputlb.c
  84. device-hotplug.c
  85. device_tree.c
  86. disas.c
  87. dma-helpers.c
  88. dump.c
  89. exec.c
  90. gdbstub.c
  91. HACKING
  92. hmp-commands-info.hx
  93. hmp-commands.hx
  94. hmp.c
  95. hmp.h
  96. iohandler.c
  97. ioport.c
  98. iothread.c
  99. kvm-all.c
  100. kvm-stub.c
  101. LICENSE
  102. main-loop.c
  103. MAINTAINERS
  104. Makefile
  105. Makefile.objs
  106. Makefile.target
  107. memory.c
  108. memory_mapping.c
  109. module-common.c
  110. monitor.c
  111. numa.c
  112. os-posix.c
  113. os-win32.c
  114. page_cache.c
  115. qapi-schema.json
  116. qdev-monitor.c
  117. qdict-test-data.txt
  118. qemu-bridge-helper.c
  119. qemu-char.c
  120. qemu-doc.texi
  121. qemu-ga.texi
  122. qemu-img-cmds.hx
  123. qemu-img.c
  124. qemu-img.texi
  125. qemu-io-cmds.c
  126. qemu-io.c
  127. qemu-nbd.c
  128. qemu-nbd.texi
  129. qemu-options-wrapper.h
  130. qemu-options.h
  131. qemu-options.hx
  132. qemu-seccomp.c
  133. qemu-tech.texi
  134. qemu-timer.c
  135. qemu.nsi
  136. qemu.sasl
  137. qjson.c
  138. qmp-commands.hx
  139. qmp.c
  140. qtest.c
  141. README
  142. rules.mak
  143. softmmu_template.h
  144. spice-qemu-char.c
  145. tcg-runtime.c
  146. tci.c
  147. thread-pool.c
  148. thunk.c
  149. tpm.c
  150. trace-events
  151. translate-all.c
  152. translate-all.h
  153. translate-common.c
  154. user-exec.c
  155. VERSION
  156. version.rc
  157. vl.c
  158. xen-common-stub.c
  159. xen-common.c
  160. xen-hvm-stub.c
  161. xen-hvm.c
  162. xen-mapcache.c